Martins Pena
Encyclopedia
Luís Carlos Martins Pena (November 5, 1815 — December 7, 1848) was a Brazil
ian playwright, famous for introducing to Brazil the "comedy of customs", winning the epithet
of "the Brazilian Molière
".
He is patron of the 29th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
.
, to João Martins Pena and Francisca de Paula Julieta Pena. Losing his father when he was 1 year old, and his mother when he was 10, he was delivered to the care of tutors, who ingressed him at the world of commerce
. However, seeing that it was not what he wanted, he entered at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
in 1835, learning Architecture
, Statuary, Drawing
and Music
. Entering at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1838, he travelled to many countries, such as England
, where he contracted tuberculosis
. Moving to Lisbon
in an unsuccessful attempt of mitigating the disease, he dies in 1848.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian playwright, famous for introducing to Brazil the "comedy of customs", winning the epithet
Epithet
An epithet or byname is a descriptive term accompanying or occurring in place of a name and having entered common usage. It has various shades of meaning when applied to seemingly real or fictitious people, divinities, objects, and binomial nomenclature. It is also a descriptive title...
of "the Brazilian Molière
Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, known by his stage name Molière, was a French playwright and actor who is considered to be one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature...
".
He is patron of the 29th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Academia Brasileira de Letras
Academia Brasileira de Letras is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century by a group of 40 writers and poets inspired by the Académie Française. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on December 15, 1896, with the statutes being...
.
Life
Martins Pena was born in Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
, to João Martins Pena and Francisca de Paula Julieta Pena. Losing his father when he was 1 year old, and his mother when he was 10, he was delivered to the care of tutors, who ingressed him at the world of commerce
Commerce
While business refers to the value-creating activities of an organization for profit, commerce means the whole system of an economy that constitutes an environment for business. The system includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural, and technological systems that are in operation in any...
. However, seeing that it was not what he wanted, he entered at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
Escola de Belas Artes is one of the centers of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and dates back to colonial times....
in 1835, learning Architecture
Architecture
Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art...
, Statuary, Drawing
Drawing
Drawing is a form of visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium. Common instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, markers, styluses, and various metals .An artist who...
and Music
Music
Music is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch , rhythm , dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture...
. Entering at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1838, he travelled to many countries, such as England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, where he contracted tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
. Moving to Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
in an unsuccessful attempt of mitigating the disease, he dies in 1848.
Works
- O Juiz de Paz na Roça (18381838 in literatureThe year 1838 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* George Palmer Putnam and John Wiley form the book publishing and retail firm of Wiley & Putnam in New York City. It is the forerunner of G. P...
) - Itaminda, ou O Guerreiro de Tupã (18391839 in literatureThe year 1839 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*Washington Irving begins contributing regularly to The Knickerbocker, and will publish thirty new pieces in the magazine — including "The Creole Village," in which he will coin the phrase "the almighty dollar" — through March...
) - A Família e a Festa na Roça (18401840 in literatureThe year 1840 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*Novelist Fritz Reuter is freed from the fortress of Dömitz after two years' imprisonment on a charge of high treason....
) - Vitiza, ou O NeroNeroNero , was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor, and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death....
de Espanha (18411841 in literatureThe year 1841 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*Horace Greeley begins publication of the New York Tribune.*Punch magazine is founded in London.-New books:*William Harrison Ainsworth - Old St...
) - O Judas no Sábado de Aleluia (18441844 in literatureThe year 1844 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* The first volumes of the Patrologia Latina, a 217 volume collection of works in Latin, are published in Paris by Jacques Paul Migne...
) - O Namorador, ou A Noite de São João (18451845 in literatureThe year 1845 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*April 24 - Alfred de Musset and Honoré de Balzac are awarded the Légion d'honneur.* Robert Browning begins his correspondence with his future wife, Elizabeth Barrett....
) - Os Três Médicos (18451845 in literatureThe year 1845 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*April 24 - Alfred de Musset and Honoré de Balzac are awarded the Légion d'honneur.* Robert Browning begins his correspondence with his future wife, Elizabeth Barrett....
) - A Barriga do Meu Tio (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - Os Ciúmes de um Pedestre, ou O Terrível Capitão do Mato (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - As Desgraças de uma Criança (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - O Diletante (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - Os Meirinhos (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - Um Segredo de Estado (18461846 in literatureThe year 1846 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*First publication of the Daily News, edited by Charles Dickens....
) - O Caixeiro da Taverna (18471847 in literatureThe year 1847 in literature involved some significant new books.-New books:*Honoré de Balzac - Le Cousin Pons*Anne Brontë - Agnes Grey*Charlotte Brontë - Jane Eyre*Emily Brontë - Wuthering Heights*Catherine Gore - Castles in The Air...
) - Os Irmãos das Almas (18471847 in literatureThe year 1847 in literature involved some significant new books.-New books:*Honoré de Balzac - Le Cousin Pons*Anne Brontë - Agnes Grey*Charlotte Brontë - Jane Eyre*Emily Brontë - Wuthering Heights*Catherine Gore - Castles in The Air...
) - Quem Casa Quer Casa (18471847 in literatureThe year 1847 in literature involved some significant new books.-New books:*Honoré de Balzac - Le Cousin Pons*Anne Brontë - Agnes Grey*Charlotte Brontë - Jane Eyre*Emily Brontë - Wuthering Heights*Catherine Gore - Castles in The Air...
) - O Noviço (18531853 in literatureThe year 1853 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*Charles Dickens writes Bleak House, the first English novel to feature a detective.*William Wells Brown becomes the first African American novelist to be published.-New books:...
; posthumous) - Os Dois e o Inglês Maquinista (18711871 in literatureThe year 1871 involved saw some significant events relevant to literature.-New books:*Louisa May Alcott - Little Men*Mary Elizabeth Braddon - Fenton's Quest*Edward George Bulwer-Lytton - The Coming Race...
; posthumous)