Marcus Raskin
Encyclopedia
Marcus Raskin is a prominent American social critic, political activist, author, and philosopher, working for progressive social change in the United States.
He is the co-founder, with the late Richard Barnet
, of the progressive think tank, the Institute for Policy Studies
in Washington, DC. He is also a professor of public policy at George Washington University
’s School of Public Policy and Public Administration.
At the age of 16, Raskin, a young piano prodigy, left home to study at New York's Juilliard School
with Rosina Lhevinne
and Lee Thompson. Although he has remained an accomplished pianist throughout his life, he abandoned a career in music to study at the University of Chicago. At the University of Chicago
, Raskin studied with Rexford Guy Tugwell, the preeminent economist and member of FDR’s Brain Trust
, and Quincy Wright
, the famous international law scholar, for whom Raskin served as an assistant during his law school years. He graduated from the University of Chicago with a B.A. in liberal arts in 1954 and with a Juris Doctorate from the University of Chicago Law School in 1957.
, a Democrat from Wisconsin, and James Roosevelt
, a Democrat from California and the oldest son of Franklin D. Roosevelt
. Raskin soon became the secretary for the Liberal Project, a group of House liberals, organized by Kastenmeier and Roosevelt, into a liberal leadership group. As the secretary, Raskin linked the House members with notable intellectuals, including sociologist David Riesman
, historian H. Stuart Hughes
, and former finance advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt, James Warburg
.
In 1961, Raskin was recommended by Harvard sociologist David Riesman and members of Congress to McGeorge Bundy
, the former Dean of Faculty at Harvard and National Security Advisor to the newly elected president, John F. Kennedy
. Raskin served as Bundy’s assistant on national security affairs and disarmament as a member of the Special Staff of the National Security Council. In 1962, Raskin was a member of the U.S. delegation to an 18-nation disarmament conference in Geneva.
However, tensions ran high with Bundy, who supported the escalation of U.S. military engagement in Indochina at that time. These tensions led to Raskin’s reassignment in the Bureau of the Budget, today the Office of Management and Budget, where he continued his service on the Presidential Panel on Education. On the panel, Raskin’s passion for education developed as he wrote pioneering papers on the consequences of technology and the need for truly democratic education and scientific research.
, a State Department official in the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and the two pursued their common dream of creating an independent institution, outside of government, to critique official policy.
Much of Raskin’s initial work with IPS focused on opposing the Vietnam War. He co-authored the Vietnam Reader with Bernard Fall in 1965, which was used in dozens of teach-ins across the country. In 1968, he was indicted—along with William Sloane Coffin
, Dr. Benjamin Spock, Michael Ferber, and Mitchell Goodman
—for conspiracy to aid resistance to the draft. The group became known as the “Boston 5.” In the case, Telford Taylor
, prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials
, served as the defense attorney for Raskin. Not long after his acquittal, Raskin published the book Washington Plans an Aggressive War, with Barnet and Ralph Stavins. These two books would begin Raskin’s critique of the national security state, a term he coined, which he would continue to assess critically in future works.
With the publication of his book Being & Doing in 1971, Raskin became one of the country’s leading thinkers on the theory of “social reconstruction.” Raskin's thinking was largely influenced by the work of American pragmatist John Dewey
, French existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre
, and the politics of the New Left
. According to Library Journal
, Raskin “foresees a peaceful process of non-Marxist reconstruction that will replace authoritarianism and the status quo with politics of the people and a redefined social ethic.”
In 1977, after conducting a first study of budget and its spending priorities, 56 members of Congress, led by Congressional Black Caucus Dean John Conyers
, requested that IPS undertake a deeper analysis of the federal budget. Raskin directed the project, which led to the publication of the 1978 book The Federal Budget and Social Reconstruction. In the 1980s, Raskin became a leader in the anti-nuclear movement as the Chair of the Sane-Freeze, now Peace Action
, campaign. He also worked with labor leaders to organize the Progressive Alliance, a coalition of 16 labor unions and 100 public interest groups that laid out a progressive alternative political agenda.
Raskin continues as an activist and public scholar, serving as a Distinguished Fellow of the Institute for Policy Studies
, in addition to teaching at George Washington University’s School of Public Policy and Public Administration and serving on the editorial board of The Nation
magazine. He also advises the Congressional Progressive Caucus and conceptualized the network of local elected officials that evolved into the Institute for Policy Studies’ Cities for Peace project, which has coordinated hundreds of city council resolutions against the Iraq War.
Raskin’s most recent scholarship includes serving as the editor of a series of books laying out Paths for the 21st Century. The goal of this project is to generate ideas and proposals, across disciplinary lines and founded upon Raskin's notion of reconstructive knowledge, which catalyze citizen action and help other scholars and activists pursue a progressive basis for a new society.
He currently resides in Washington, DC with his wife, Lynn Randels Raskin. He has four children: Erika Raskin Littlewood, Jamie Raskin
, Noah Raskin, and Eden Raskin. He also has nine grandchildren.
– J. William Fulbright, 1991
"Marc Raskin remains an original voice for sanity and true democracy in running the nation's security affairs." – Seymour Hersh, 1991
"Marcus Raskin’s analysis of our current condition and prospects for the future is thoughtful and humane, and eminently practical, touching on virtually every aspect of existence in a tour de force of remarkable skill and originality.” – Noam Chomsky, 1986
•(1965) The Viet-Nam Reader: Articles and Documents on American Foreign Policy and the Viet-Nam Crisis, edited with Bernard B. Fall
•(1965) A Citizen's White Paper on American Policy in Vietnam and Southeast Asia
•(1965) After 20 Years: Alternatives to the Cold War in Europe, with by Richard J. Barnet
•(1971) Being and Doing: An Inquiry Into the Colonization, Decolonization and Reconstruction of American Society and Its State
•(1971) Washington Plans An Aggressive War, with Ralph L. Stavins and Richard J. Barnet
•(1971) An American Manifesto, with Richard Barnet
•(1974) Notes on the Old System: To Transform American Politics
•(1975) The American Political Deadlock: Colloquium on Latin America and the United States: Present and Future of their Economic and Political Relations
•(1976) Next Steps for a New Administration
•(1978) The Federal Budget and Social Reconstruction: The People and the State
•(1979) The Politics of National Security
•(1986) The Common Good: Its Politics, Policies, and Philosophy
•(1987) New Ways of Knowing: The Sciences, Society, and Reconstructive Knowledge, with Herbert J. Bernstein
•(1988) Winning America: Ideas and Leadership for the 1990s, with Chester Hartman
•(1991) Essays of a Citizen: From National Security State to Democracy
•(1992) Abolishing the War System: The Disarmament and International Law Project of the Institute for Policy Studies and the Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy
•(1995) Visions and Revisions: Reflections on Culture and Democracy at the End of the Century
•(1997) Presidential Disrespect: From Thomas Paine to Rush Limbaugh – How and Why We Insult, Scorn and Ridicule Our Chief Executives, with Sushila Nayak
•(2003) Liberalism: The Genius of American Ideals
•(2005) In Democracy's Shadow: The Secret World of National Security, with Carl LeVan
•(2007) The Four Freedoms Under Siege: The Clear and Present Danger from Our National Security State, with Robert Spero
He is the co-founder, with the late Richard Barnet
Richard Barnet
Richard Jackson Barnet was an American scholar-activist who co-founded the Institute for Policy Studies.-Early years:...
, of the progressive think tank, the Institute for Policy Studies
Institute for Policy Studies
Institute for Policy Studies is a left-wing think tank based in Washington, D.C..It has been directed by John Cavanagh since 1998- History :...
in Washington, DC. He is also a professor of public policy at George Washington University
George Washington University
The George Washington University is a private, coeducational comprehensive university located in Washington, D.C. in the United States...
’s School of Public Policy and Public Administration.
Early years
Raskin was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the second son of Russian Jewish immigrants. His father, Ben Raskin, and mother, Anna Goodman Raskin, owned a plumbing store in Milwaukee where his father worked as a master plumbing contractor.At the age of 16, Raskin, a young piano prodigy, left home to study at New York's Juilliard School
Juilliard School
The Juilliard School, located at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, United States, is a performing arts conservatory which was established in 1905...
with Rosina Lhevinne
Rosina Lhévinne
Rosina Bessie Lhévinne was a Russian American pianist and famed pedagogue....
and Lee Thompson. Although he has remained an accomplished pianist throughout his life, he abandoned a career in music to study at the University of Chicago. At the University of Chicago
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...
, Raskin studied with Rexford Guy Tugwell, the preeminent economist and member of FDR’s Brain Trust
Brain Trust
Brain trust began as a term for a group of close advisors to a political candidate or incumbent, prized for their expertise in particular fields. The term is most associated with the group of advisors to Franklin Roosevelt during his presidential administration...
, and Quincy Wright
Quincy Wright
Philip Quincy Wright was an American political scientist known for his pioneering work and expertise in international law and international relations.- Biography :...
, the famous international law scholar, for whom Raskin served as an assistant during his law school years. He graduated from the University of Chicago with a B.A. in liberal arts in 1954 and with a Juris Doctorate from the University of Chicago Law School in 1957.
Government Service
Shortly after marrying his first wife, novelist Barbara Bellman Raskin, Marcus Raskin moved to Washington, DC in 1958 where he became a legislative counsel to a group of liberal congressmen, including Robert KastenmeierRobert Kastenmeier
Robert William Kastenmeier is a United States politician. He represented Wisconsin in the United States House of Representatives from 1959 to 1991, and is a member of the Democratic Party.-Education:...
, a Democrat from Wisconsin, and James Roosevelt
James Roosevelt
James Roosevelt was the oldest son of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was a United States Congressman, an officer in the United States Marine Corps, an aide to his father, the official Secretary to the President, a Democratic Party activist, and a businessman.-Early life:Roosevelt was...
, a Democrat from California and the oldest son of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt , also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war...
. Raskin soon became the secretary for the Liberal Project, a group of House liberals, organized by Kastenmeier and Roosevelt, into a liberal leadership group. As the secretary, Raskin linked the House members with notable intellectuals, including sociologist David Riesman
David Riesman
David Riesman , was a sociologist, attorney, and educator....
, historian H. Stuart Hughes
H. Stuart Hughes
Henry Stuart Hughes was an American historian, professor, and activist; he also advocated the application of psychoanalysis to history.-Early life:...
, and former finance advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt, James Warburg
James Warburg
James Paul Warburg was an American banker and financial adviser to Franklin D. Roosevelt. His father was Paul Warburg.- Biography :...
.
In 1961, Raskin was recommended by Harvard sociologist David Riesman and members of Congress to McGeorge Bundy
McGeorge Bundy
McGeorge "Mac" Bundy was United States National Security Advisor to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson from 1961 through 1966, and president of the Ford Foundation from 1966 through 1979...
, the former Dean of Faculty at Harvard and National Security Advisor to the newly elected president, John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy , often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963....
. Raskin served as Bundy’s assistant on national security affairs and disarmament as a member of the Special Staff of the National Security Council. In 1962, Raskin was a member of the U.S. delegation to an 18-nation disarmament conference in Geneva.
However, tensions ran high with Bundy, who supported the escalation of U.S. military engagement in Indochina at that time. These tensions led to Raskin’s reassignment in the Bureau of the Budget, today the Office of Management and Budget, where he continued his service on the Presidential Panel on Education. On the panel, Raskin’s passion for education developed as he wrote pioneering papers on the consequences of technology and the need for truly democratic education and scientific research.
The Institute for Policy Studies
In 1963, Raskin left government service, with Richard BarnetRichard Barnet
Richard Jackson Barnet was an American scholar-activist who co-founded the Institute for Policy Studies.-Early years:...
, a State Department official in the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and the two pursued their common dream of creating an independent institution, outside of government, to critique official policy.
Much of Raskin’s initial work with IPS focused on opposing the Vietnam War. He co-authored the Vietnam Reader with Bernard Fall in 1965, which was used in dozens of teach-ins across the country. In 1968, he was indicted—along with William Sloane Coffin
William Sloane Coffin
William Sloane Coffin, Jr. was an American liberal Christian clergyman and long-time peace activist. He was ordained in the Presbyterian church and later received ministerial standing in the United Church of Christ....
, Dr. Benjamin Spock, Michael Ferber, and Mitchell Goodman
Mitchell Goodman
Mitchell Goodman was an author who organized the protest that helped bring The Dr. Spock Trial into court. In 1968, he signed the “Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War....
—for conspiracy to aid resistance to the draft. The group became known as the “Boston 5.” In the case, Telford Taylor
Telford Taylor
Telford Taylor was an American lawyer best known for his role in the Counsel for the Prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials after World War II, his opposition to Senator Joseph McCarthy in the 1950s, and his outspoken criticism of U.S...
, prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials
Nuremberg Trials
The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the victorious Allied forces of World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of the defeated Nazi Germany....
, served as the defense attorney for Raskin. Not long after his acquittal, Raskin published the book Washington Plans an Aggressive War, with Barnet and Ralph Stavins. These two books would begin Raskin’s critique of the national security state, a term he coined, which he would continue to assess critically in future works.
With the publication of his book Being & Doing in 1971, Raskin became one of the country’s leading thinkers on the theory of “social reconstruction.” Raskin's thinking was largely influenced by the work of American pragmatist John Dewey
John Dewey
John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey was an important early developer of the philosophy of pragmatism and one of the founders of functional psychology...
, French existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...
, and the politics of the New Left
New Left
The New Left was a term used mainly in the United Kingdom and United States in reference to activists, educators, agitators and others in the 1960s and 1970s who sought to implement a broad range of reforms, in contrast to earlier leftist or Marxist movements that had taken a more vanguardist...
. According to Library Journal
Library Journal
Library Journal is a trade publication for librarians. It was founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey . It reports news about the library world, emphasizing public libraries, and offers feature articles about aspects of professional practice...
, Raskin “foresees a peaceful process of non-Marxist reconstruction that will replace authoritarianism and the status quo with politics of the people and a redefined social ethic.”
In 1977, after conducting a first study of budget and its spending priorities, 56 members of Congress, led by Congressional Black Caucus Dean John Conyers
John Conyers
John Conyers, Jr. is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1965 . He is a member of the Democratic Party...
, requested that IPS undertake a deeper analysis of the federal budget. Raskin directed the project, which led to the publication of the 1978 book The Federal Budget and Social Reconstruction. In the 1980s, Raskin became a leader in the anti-nuclear movement as the Chair of the Sane-Freeze, now Peace Action
Peace Action
Peace Action is a peace organization formed through the merger of The Committee for a SANE Nuclear Policy and the Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign...
, campaign. He also worked with labor leaders to organize the Progressive Alliance, a coalition of 16 labor unions and 100 public interest groups that laid out a progressive alternative political agenda.
Raskin continues as an activist and public scholar, serving as a Distinguished Fellow of the Institute for Policy Studies
Institute for Policy Studies
Institute for Policy Studies is a left-wing think tank based in Washington, D.C..It has been directed by John Cavanagh since 1998- History :...
, in addition to teaching at George Washington University’s School of Public Policy and Public Administration and serving on the editorial board of The Nation
The Nation
The Nation is the oldest continuously published weekly magazine in the United States. The periodical, devoted to politics and culture, is self-described as "the flagship of the left." Founded on July 6, 1865, It is published by The Nation Company, L.P., at 33 Irving Place, New York City.The Nation...
magazine. He also advises the Congressional Progressive Caucus and conceptualized the network of local elected officials that evolved into the Institute for Policy Studies’ Cities for Peace project, which has coordinated hundreds of city council resolutions against the Iraq War.
Raskin’s most recent scholarship includes serving as the editor of a series of books laying out Paths for the 21st Century. The goal of this project is to generate ideas and proposals, across disciplinary lines and founded upon Raskin's notion of reconstructive knowledge, which catalyze citizen action and help other scholars and activists pursue a progressive basis for a new society.
Personal life
Raskin continues in his passion of classical music, releasing his first piano recording Elegy for the End of the Cold War in 2004.He currently resides in Washington, DC with his wife, Lynn Randels Raskin. He has four children: Erika Raskin Littlewood, Jamie Raskin
Jamie Raskin
Jamie Raskin is an American law professor and politician. He teaches at American University, Washington College of Law, in Washington, D.C. He serves as the Director of the college's LL.M. program on Law and Government...
, Noah Raskin, and Eden Raskin. He also has nine grandchildren.
Quotes about Marcus Raskin
"Raskin is an original thinker, who has been living what he writes through his work with IPS."– J. William Fulbright, 1991
"Marc Raskin remains an original voice for sanity and true democracy in running the nation's security affairs." – Seymour Hersh, 1991
"Marcus Raskin’s analysis of our current condition and prospects for the future is thoughtful and humane, and eminently practical, touching on virtually every aspect of existence in a tour de force of remarkable skill and originality.” – Noam Chomsky, 1986
Books
•(1962) The Limits of Defense, with Arthur Waskow•(1965) The Viet-Nam Reader: Articles and Documents on American Foreign Policy and the Viet-Nam Crisis, edited with Bernard B. Fall
•(1965) A Citizen's White Paper on American Policy in Vietnam and Southeast Asia
•(1965) After 20 Years: Alternatives to the Cold War in Europe, with by Richard J. Barnet
•(1971) Being and Doing: An Inquiry Into the Colonization, Decolonization and Reconstruction of American Society and Its State
•(1971) Washington Plans An Aggressive War, with Ralph L. Stavins and Richard J. Barnet
•(1971) An American Manifesto, with Richard Barnet
•(1974) Notes on the Old System: To Transform American Politics
•(1975) The American Political Deadlock: Colloquium on Latin America and the United States: Present and Future of their Economic and Political Relations
•(1976) Next Steps for a New Administration
•(1978) The Federal Budget and Social Reconstruction: The People and the State
•(1979) The Politics of National Security
•(1986) The Common Good: Its Politics, Policies, and Philosophy
•(1987) New Ways of Knowing: The Sciences, Society, and Reconstructive Knowledge, with Herbert J. Bernstein
•(1988) Winning America: Ideas and Leadership for the 1990s, with Chester Hartman
•(1991) Essays of a Citizen: From National Security State to Democracy
•(1992) Abolishing the War System: The Disarmament and International Law Project of the Institute for Policy Studies and the Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy
•(1995) Visions and Revisions: Reflections on Culture and Democracy at the End of the Century
•(1997) Presidential Disrespect: From Thomas Paine to Rush Limbaugh – How and Why We Insult, Scorn and Ridicule Our Chief Executives, with Sushila Nayak
•(2003) Liberalism: The Genius of American Ideals
•(2005) In Democracy's Shadow: The Secret World of National Security, with Carl LeVan
•(2007) The Four Freedoms Under Siege: The Clear and Present Danger from Our National Security State, with Robert Spero