MIAT Mongolian Airlines
Encyclopedia
MIAT Mongolian Airlines , Mongolian Civil Air Transport) is Mongolia
's national airline
, headquartered in the MIAT Building in Ulaanbataar, the capital. The airline operates a domestic route network and international scheduled services from its base at Chinggis Khaan International Airport
near Ulaanbaatar.
and began flights on 7 July 1956 using an Antonov An-2
from Ulaanbaatar to Irkutsk
, although the airline also used Soviet-built DC-3s (Li-2s) for flights to international destinations like Beijing
and Moscow
. During the 1960s and 1970s the airline equipped with Antonov An-24
and An-26
twin turboprops. Tupolev Tu-154
jets were introduced in the late 1970s. In 1987, MIAT began international flights.
commuter airliners. Also by 1992, MIAT had acquired a Boeing 727-200
jet from Korean Air
with one more following in 1994. An Airbus A310
was acquired in 1998, and a Boeing 737
was acquired in 2003 to replace the aging Boeing 727-200
aircraft. From 2003 through 2008 MIAT's Antonov 24 and Antonov 26 aircraft were gradually retired due to their age and the increasing costs to maintain them. In April 2008, Miat received its second Boeing 737-800 aircraft on lease from CIT Aerospace. In July 2008, MIAT stopped domestic flights completely. In June 2009, the airline resumed service domestic flights to Mörön and Khovd with its Boeing 737-800 aircraft.
In late 2009, MIAT flew charter flights to Hong Kong
and Sanya
, a city in Hainan
. In June 2010, the airline's flights were brought to a halt due to a mechanics' strike. However, the circumstances were resolved by replacing the CEO and Technical Director.
In early 2011, MIAT signed an agreement with Air Lease
to lease two former China Eastern Airlines
Boeing 767-300ER until 2013. The first aircraft entered service in May 2011 and the second is expected to enter service in November 2011. In 2011 the only Airbus A310-300 of MIAT Mongolian Airlines was retired after serving for MIAT Mongolian Airlines for 13 years.
In June 2011, MIAT began regular flights to Hong Kong
. The company also ordered three planes, a Boeing 767-300ER and two Boeing 737-800, to be delivered in 2013 and 2016 respectively . The order for the Boeing 737
marks the first time in more than two decades that MIAT will extend its fleet by buying new Boeing airplanes rather than leasing them.
As of October 2011, the MIAT Mongolian Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft with an average age of 14.3 years:
MIAT has operated a variety of aircraft types, including:
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
's national airline
Airline
An airline provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight. Airlines lease or own their aircraft with which to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for mutual benefit...
, headquartered in the MIAT Building in Ulaanbataar, the capital. The airline operates a domestic route network and international scheduled services from its base at Chinggis Khaan International Airport
Chinggis Khaan International Airport
Chinggis Khaan International Airport is the international airport serving Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is 18 km southwest of the capital. It is the largest international air facility in the country...
near Ulaanbaatar.
History
Communist era
MIAT Mongolian Airlines was formed in 1956 and was known at different times as, Air Mongol or Mongolian Airlines. It started with the help of AeroflotAeroflot
OJSC AeroflotRussian Airlines , commonly known as Aeroflot , is the flag carrier and largest airline of the Russian Federation, based on passengers carried per year...
and began flights on 7 July 1956 using an Antonov An-2
Antonov An-2
The Antonov An-2 is a single-engine biplane utility/agricultural aircraft designed in the USSR in 1946...
from Ulaanbaatar to Irkutsk
Irkutsk
Irkutsk is a city and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, one of the largest cities in Siberia. Population: .-History:In 1652, Ivan Pokhabov built a zimovye near the site of Irkutsk for gold trading and for the collection of fur taxes from the Buryats. In 1661, Yakov Pokhabov...
, although the airline also used Soviet-built DC-3s (Li-2s) for flights to international destinations like Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
and Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
. During the 1960s and 1970s the airline equipped with Antonov An-24
Antonov An-24
The Antonov An-24 is a 44-seat twin turboprop transport designed and manufactured in the Soviet Union by the Antonov Design Bureau from 1957.-Design and development:...
and An-26
Antonov An-26
The Antonov An-26 is a twin-engined turboprop military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the USSR from 12 March 1968.-Development:...
twin turboprops. Tupolev Tu-154
Tupolev Tu-154
The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium-range narrow-body airliner designed in the mid 1960s and manufactured by Tupolev. As the mainstay 'workhorse' of Soviet and Russian airlines for several decades, it serviced over a sixth of the world's landmass and carried half of all passengers flown...
jets were introduced in the late 1970s. In 1987, MIAT began international flights.
After Democratic Revolution
In 1992, MIAT bought five Chinese Harbin Y-12Harbin Y-12
-See also:-Bibliography:* Taylor, John W R. . Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1988. ISBN 07106-0867-5....
commuter airliners. Also by 1992, MIAT had acquired a Boeing 727-200
Boeing 727
The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine, T-tailed commercial jet airliner, manufactured by Boeing. The Boeing 727 first flew in 1963, and for over a decade more were built per year than any other jet airliner. When production ended in 1984 a total of 1,832 aircraft had been produced...
jet from Korean Air
Korean Air
Korean Air Lines Co., Ltd. , operating as Korean Air, is both the flag carrier and the largest airline of South Korea, with global headquarters located in Seoul, South Korea. Korean Air's international passenger division and related subsidiary cargo division together serve 130 cities in 45...
with one more following in 1994. An Airbus A310
Airbus A310
The Airbus A310 is a medium- to long-range twin-engine widebody jet airliner. Launched in July 1978, it was the second aircraft created by Airbus Industrie,a consortium of European aerospace companies, Airbus is now fully owned by EADS and since 2001 has been known as Airbus SAS. the consortium of...
was acquired in 1998, and a Boeing 737
Boeing 737
The Boeing 737 is a short- to medium-range, twin-engine narrow-body jet airliner. Originally developed as a shorter, lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from Boeing's 707 and 727, the 737 has developed into a family of nine passenger models with a capacity of 85 to 215 passengers...
was acquired in 2003 to replace the aging Boeing 727-200
Boeing 727
The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine, T-tailed commercial jet airliner, manufactured by Boeing. The Boeing 727 first flew in 1963, and for over a decade more were built per year than any other jet airliner. When production ended in 1984 a total of 1,832 aircraft had been produced...
aircraft. From 2003 through 2008 MIAT's Antonov 24 and Antonov 26 aircraft were gradually retired due to their age and the increasing costs to maintain them. In April 2008, Miat received its second Boeing 737-800 aircraft on lease from CIT Aerospace. In July 2008, MIAT stopped domestic flights completely. In June 2009, the airline resumed service domestic flights to Mörön and Khovd with its Boeing 737-800 aircraft.
In late 2009, MIAT flew charter flights to Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
and Sanya
Sanya
Sanya is the southernmost city in China and is a part of Hainan Province. In 2006, it had a population of 536,000, making it, after the provincial capital , the second most populous city on the island. The city is renowned for its tropical climate and has emerged as a popular tourist destination,...
, a city in Hainan
Hainan
Hainan is the smallest province of the People's Republic of China . Although the province comprises some two hundred islands scattered among three archipelagos off the southern coast, of its land mass is Hainan Island , from which the province takes its name...
. In June 2010, the airline's flights were brought to a halt due to a mechanics' strike. However, the circumstances were resolved by replacing the CEO and Technical Director.
In early 2011, MIAT signed an agreement with Air Lease
Air Lease
Air Lease Corporation is an aircraft leasing company founded in 2010 and headed by Steven Udvar-Házy. ALC hopes to capitalize on air travel growth from airlines in high-growth markets such as Asia, the Pacific Rim, Latin America, the Middle East and Eastern Europe...
to lease two former China Eastern Airlines
China Eastern Airlines
China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited is an airline headquartered on the grounds of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport in Changning District, Shanghai, China. It is a major Chinese airline operating international, domestic and regional routes. Its main hubs are at Shanghai Pudong...
Boeing 767-300ER until 2013. The first aircraft entered service in May 2011 and the second is expected to enter service in November 2011. In 2011 the only Airbus A310-300 of MIAT Mongolian Airlines was retired after serving for MIAT Mongolian Airlines for 13 years.
In June 2011, MIAT began regular flights to Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
. The company also ordered three planes, a Boeing 767-300ER and two Boeing 737-800, to be delivered in 2013 and 2016 respectively . The order for the Boeing 737
Boeing 737
The Boeing 737 is a short- to medium-range, twin-engine narrow-body jet airliner. Originally developed as a shorter, lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from Boeing's 707 and 727, the 737 has developed into a family of nine passenger models with a capacity of 85 to 215 passengers...
marks the first time in more than two decades that MIAT will extend its fleet by buying new Boeing airplanes rather than leasing them.
Codeshare agreements
MIAT Mongolian Airlines has the following codeshares (at March 2010):- AeroflotAeroflotOJSC AeroflotRussian Airlines , commonly known as Aeroflot , is the flag carrier and largest airline of the Russian Federation, based on passengers carried per year...
(SkyTeamSkyTeamSkyTeam, branded as SKYTEAM, is an airline alliance with its centralised management team, SkyTeam Central, based at the World Trade Center Schiphol Airport on the grounds of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol in Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands...
) - Korean AirKorean AirKorean Air Lines Co., Ltd. , operating as Korean Air, is both the flag carrier and the largest airline of South Korea, with global headquarters located in Seoul, South Korea. Korean Air's international passenger division and related subsidiary cargo division together serve 130 cities in 45...
(SkyTeamSkyTeamSkyTeam, branded as SKYTEAM, is an airline alliance with its centralised management team, SkyTeam Central, based at the World Trade Center Schiphol Airport on the grounds of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol in Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands...
)
Fleet
| Aircraft | In Service | Orders | Passengers | Routes | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Y | Total | |||||
| Boeing 737-800 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 150 | 162 | Domestic, Asia | Named "Khubelai Khaan" EI-CXV and "Ogedei Khaan Ögedei Khan Ögedei Khan, born Ögedei was the third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan of the Mongol Empire by succeeding his father... " EI-CSG Deliveries in 2014 and 2016 |
| Boeing 767-300ER | 2 | 1 | 18 | 245 | 263 | Asia, Europe | leased from Air Lease Air Lease Air Lease Corporation is an aircraft leasing company founded in 2010 and headed by Steven Udvar-Házy. ALC hopes to capitalize on air travel growth from airlines in high-growth markets such as Asia, the Pacific Rim, Latin America, the Middle East and Eastern Europe... JU-1011, JU-1012 |
| Total | 4 | 4 | |||||
Previously Operated
- Polikarpov Po-2Polikarpov Po-2The Polikarpov Po-2 served as a general-purpose Soviet biplane, nicknamed Kukuruznik for maize; thus, 'maize duster' or 'crop duster'), NATO reporting name "Mule"...
- Yakovlev Yak-12Yakovlev Yak-12The Yakovlev Yak-12 is a light multirole STOL aircraft used by the Soviet Air Force, Soviet civilian aviation and other countries from 1947 onwards.-Design and development:...
- Airbus A310-300 JU-1010 retired in 2011
- Antonov An-2Antonov An-2The Antonov An-2 is a single-engine biplane utility/agricultural aircraft designed in the USSR in 1946...
(a.k.a. Nogoon Ongots, "green plane") - Antonov An-24Antonov An-24The Antonov An-24 is a 44-seat twin turboprop transport designed and manufactured in the Soviet Union by the Antonov Design Bureau from 1957.-Design and development:...
(a.k.a. Tsagaan Ongots, "white plane") - Antonov An-26Antonov An-26The Antonov An-26 is a twin-engined turboprop military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the USSR from 12 March 1968.-Development:...
- Antonov An-30Antonov An-30The Antonov An-30 , is a development of the An-24 designed for aerial cartography.-Development:The first aerial survey version of the Antonov An-24 was designed by the Beriev OKB and designated An-24FK. The FK stood for fotokartograficheskiy . The prototype was converted from a production An-24A at...
- Ilyushin Il-14Ilyushin Il-14The Ilyushin Il-14 was a Soviet twin-engine commercial and military personnel and cargo transport aircraft that first flew in 1950, and entered service in 1954. Il-14 was also manufactured in East Germany by VVB Flugzeugbau, in Czechoslovakia as the Avia 14, and in China under the Chinese...
- Tupolev Tu-154Tupolev Tu-154The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium-range narrow-body airliner designed in the mid 1960s and manufactured by Tupolev. As the mainstay 'workhorse' of Soviet and Russian airlines for several decades, it serviced over a sixth of the world's landmass and carried half of all passengers flown...
- Mil Mi-4Mil Mi-4The Mil Mi-4 was a Soviet transport helicopter that served in both military and civilian roles.-Design and development:...
- Mil Mi-8Mil Mi-8The Mil Mi-8 is a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter that can also act as a gunship. The Mi-8 is the world's most-produced helicopter, and is used by over 50 countries. Russia is the largest operator of the Mi-8/Mi-17 helicopter....
- Kamov Ka-26
- Boeing 727-200Boeing 727The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine, T-tailed commercial jet airliner, manufactured by Boeing. The Boeing 727 first flew in 1963, and for over a decade more were built per year than any other jet airliner. When production ended in 1984 a total of 1,832 aircraft had been produced...
- Airbus A330-343X (Leased from Saga AirlinesSaga AirlinesSaga Airlines is a charter airline based in Istanbul, Turkey which serves the tourism industry.- History :The airline was established in 2004 and started operations in June 2004...
for the summer of 2010)
Accidents and incidents
MIAT Mongolian Airlines has suffered the following incidents and accidents since commencing operations:- On 4 August 1963, an Ilyushin Il-14Ilyushin Il-14The Ilyushin Il-14 was a Soviet twin-engine commercial and military personnel and cargo transport aircraft that first flew in 1950, and entered service in 1954. Il-14 was also manufactured in East Germany by VVB Flugzeugbau, in Czechoslovakia as the Avia 14, and in China under the Chinese...
crashed into the side of Mount Otgon Tenger in MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
killing all onboard. - On 17 September 1973, an Antonov 24B crashed into the side of a mountain in the Hovd ProvinceHovd ProvinceKhovd is one of the 21 aimags of Mongolia, located in the west of the country. Its capital is also named Khovd.Khovd is approximately 1,580 km from Ulan Bator. It is considered remote even for Mongolian standards. Name is given after Khovd River located in this province.- Population :Khovd is...
of MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
during approach killing all onboard. - On 26 January 1990, an Antonov 24RV crashed into terrain near ZavkhanZavkhanZavkhan may refer to:* Zavkhan Province, Mongolia* several sums in different aimags of Mongolia:** Zavkhan, Uvs** Zavkhanmandal, Zavkhan*Zavkhan River, a river...
, MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
at night. All 30 passengers and crew died. - On 23 April 1993, an Antonov 26 flying from Buyant Ukhaa AirportChinggis Khaan International AirportChinggis Khaan International Airport is the international airport serving Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is 18 km southwest of the capital. It is the largest international air facility in the country...
, Ulan Bator crashed into the side of Marz Mountain during descent into Ölgii AirportÖlgii AirportÖlgii Airport is a public airport located in Ölgii, the capital of Bayan-Ölgii Province in Mongolia.- Airlines and Destinations:- External links :* Ölgii...
, MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
. All 26 passengers and 6 crew died. - On 21 September 1995, an Antonov 24RV flying from Buyant Ukhaa AirportChinggis Khaan International AirportChinggis Khaan International Airport is the international airport serving Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is 18 km southwest of the capital. It is the largest international air facility in the country...
, Ulan Bator crashed into a mountain during approach into Mörön AirportMörön AirportMörön Airport is a public airport located in Mörön, the capital of Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia.- Airlines and destinations:- External links :*...
, MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
. 36 of 37 passengers and all 6 crew died. - On 10 June 1997, a Harbin Y-12Harbin Y-12-See also:-Bibliography:* Taylor, John W R. . Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1988. ISBN 07106-0867-5....
crashed after encountering windshear whilst landing at Mandalgobi Airport, MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
. Onboard was 2 crew members and 10 passengers, 7 passengers died. - On 26 May 1998, a Harbin Y-12Harbin Y-12-See also:-Bibliography:* Taylor, John W R. . Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1988. ISBN 07106-0867-5....
crashed into a mountain near ErdenetErdenetErdenet is the third-largest city in Mongolia and the capital of the aimag of Orkhon.Located in the northern part of the country, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about 150 miles northwest of Ulan Bator, the capital...
, MongoliaMongoliaMongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
shortly after departure from Erdenet Airport, all 26 passengers and 2 crew died. Twelve of the 26 passengers were children and 14 were adults.
See also
- Mongolian People's Air ForceMongolian People's ArmyThe Mongolian People's Army or Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army was established on 18 March 1921 as a secondary army under Soviet Red Army command during the 1920s and during World War II.-Creation of the army:One of the first actions of the new Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party...
- Mongolian Air ForceMilitary of MongoliaThe military of Mongolia has four branches: general purpose forces, border defense forces, internal security forces, and air force. This is a peace-time structure...
External links
- Official website |work =| publisher =WikiLeaksWikileaksWikiLeaks is an international self-described not-for-profit organisation that publishes submissions of private, secret, and classified media from anonymous news sources, news leaks, and whistleblowers. Its website, launched in 2006 under The Sunshine Press organisation, claimed a database of more...
| date =| url = http://wikileaks.org/cable/1988/09/88BEIJING25961.html#par1 |format =| doi =| accessdate = |archiveurl= |archivedate= |deadurl=no }}
In 1988, staff of the United States’ embassy in BeijingUnited States Ambassador to ChinaThe United States Ambassador to China is the chief American diplomat to People's Republic of China . The United States has sent diplomatic representatives to China since 1844, when Caleb Cushing, as Commissioner, negotiated the Treaty of Wanghia. Commissioners represented the United States in...
encounter difficulties when they try to use the new connection between BeijingBeijing Capital International AirportBeijing Capital International Airport, is the main international airport serving Beijing, China. It is located northeast of Beijing's city center in an enclave of Chaoyang District that is surrounded by rural Shunyi District. The airport is owned and operated by the Beijing Capital...
and Ulan BatorChinggis Khaan International AirportChinggis Khaan International Airport is the international airport serving Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is 18 km southwest of the capital. It is the largest international air facility in the country...
.