List of state leaders in 540s BC
Encyclopedia
550s BC state leaders - Events of 540s BC
- 530s BC state leaders - State leaders by year
540s BC
-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
- 530s BC state leaders - State leaders by year
Africa
- CyreneCyrene, LibyaCyrene was an ancient Greek colony and then a Roman city in present-day Shahhat, Libya, the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region. It gave eastern Libya the classical name Cyrenaica that it has retained to modern times.Cyrene lies in a lush valley in the Jebel Akhdar...
- Arcesilaus IIArcesilaus II of CyreneArcesilaus II of Cyrene or Arcesilaus II also known as Arcesilaus II The Oppressor, The Tough, The Severe or The Harsh. Arcesilaus was the fourth Greek Cyrenaean King and was a member of the Battiad dynasty...
, King of Cyrene (560 BC550s BC-Events and trends:*Carthage conquers Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.*559 BC—King Cambyses I of Anshan dies and is succeeded by his son Cyrus II the Great.*558 BC—Hegesias is removed as Archon of Athens....
– 550 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
) - Battus IIIBattus III of CyreneBattus III of Cyrene or Battus III, surnamed The Lame was the fifth Greek Cyrenaean king and a member of the Battiad dynasty....
, King of Cyrene (550 BC – 530 BC520s BC-Events:* 529 BC—Cambyses II started to rule. He is son of Cyrus II. He conquered Egypt and Cyprus.* 528 BC—Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment, and began his ministry.* 527 BC—Pisistratus a tyrant of Athens dies: his son Hippias inherits his power....
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- Arcesilaus II
- EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
(Twenty-sixth DynastyTwenty-sixth dynasty of EgyptThe Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest in 525 BC . The Dynasty's reign The Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt (also written Dynasty XXVI or Dynasty 26) was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest in 525 BC...
)- Amasis IIAmasis IIAmasis II or Ahmose II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt, the successor of Apries at Sais. He was the last great ruler of Egypt before the Persian conquest.-Life:...
, Pharaoh of Egypt (570 BC560s BC-Events and trends:* 568 BC—Amtalqa succeeds his brother Aspelta as king of Kush.* 567 BC—Former pharaoh Apries invades Egypt with Babylonian help but is defeated by Saite pharaoh Amasis II ....
– 526 BC520s BC-Events:* 529 BC—Cambyses II started to rule. He is son of Cyrus II. He conquered Egypt and Cyprus.* 528 BC—Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment, and began his ministry.* 527 BC—Pisistratus a tyrant of Athens dies: his son Hippias inherits his power....
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- Amasis II
- Kush
- MalonaqenMalonaqenMalonaqen was a Nubian king who probably governed in the first half of the 6th century BC. His prenomen was "Sekhemkare."He is thought to be the son of king Aramatle-qo and queen Amanitakaye although this is based merely on assumptions. His queen consort is thought to be Tagtal, who was buried at...
, King of Kush (555 BC550s BC-Events and trends:*Carthage conquers Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.*559 BC—King Cambyses I of Anshan dies and is succeeded by his son Cyrus II the Great.*558 BC—Hegesias is removed as Archon of Athens....
– 542 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
) - AnalmayeAnalmayeAnalmaye was a Kushite King of Meroe who ruled in the 6th century BC.He succeeded King Malonaqen and was in turn succeeded by King Amaninatakilebte.He was buried in Nuri .-References:...
, King of Kush (542 BC – 538 BC530s BC-Events and trends:* 539 BC—Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus.* 538 BC—Cyrus, king of Persia, allows Jews in Babylon to return to Jerusalem....
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- Malonaqen
Asia
- China (Zhou DynastyZhou DynastyThe Zhou Dynasty was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Shang Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty. Although the Zhou Dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history, the actual political and military control of China by the Ji family lasted only until 771 BC, a period known as...
)- Ling of ZhouKing Ling of ZhouKing Ling of Zhou or King Ling of Chou was the twenty-third sovereign of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty and the eleventh of Eastern Zhou Dynasty.-Personal information: Family name Ji in Chinese...
, King of China (571 BC570s BC-Events and trends:*579 BC—Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as the sixth King of Rome. *575 BC—Ishtar Gate and throne room wall, from Babylon is made...
– 545 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
) - Jing of ZhouKing Jing of Zhou (Ji Gui)King Jing of Zhou, ch.: 周景王, pinyin: zhōu jĭng wáng, wg: King Ching of Chou, was the twenty-fourth sovereign of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty and the twelfth of Eastern Zhou Dynasty.-Personal information: Family name Ji in Chinese...
, King of China (544 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
– 521 BC)
- Ling of Zhou
- Japan (legendary)
- SuizeiEmperor Suizei, sometimes romanized as Suisei and known as Kamu-nuna-kaha-mimi no mikoto; was the second emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession....
, Emperor of Japan (581 BC580s BC-Events and trends:* 589 BC—Apries succeeds Psamtik II as king of Egypt.* 588 BC—Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon begins siege of Jerusalem; the opera Nabucco sets the date at 587 BC.* 587 BC—Jerusalem falls to the Babylonians, ending the Kingdom of Judah...
– 549 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
) - AnneiEmperor Annei; also known as shikitsuhikotamatemi no Mikoto; was the third emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 549 to 511 B.C....
, Emperor of Japan (549 BC – 511 BC510s BC-Events and trends:*519 BC—Zhou Jing Wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.*c. 518 BC—Darius I began construction of Parsa .*518 BC—Construction of Apadana of Darius and Xerxes, ceremonial complex, at Persepolis, Iran started....
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- Suizei
- LydiaLydiaLydia was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the modern Turkish provinces of Manisa and inland İzmir. Its population spoke an Anatolian language known as Lydian....
- CroesusCroesusCroesus was the king of Lydia from 560 to 547 BC until his defeat by the Persians. The fall of Croesus made a profound impact on the Hellenes, providing a fixed point in their calendar. "By the fifth century at least," J.A.S...
, King of Lydia (560 BC – 546 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
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- Croesus
Europe
- AthensAthensAthens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
- Peisistratos, tyrant of AthensArchon of AthensThis is a list of the eponymous archons of Athens.-Background:The archon was the chief magistrate in many Greek cities, but in Athens there was a council of archons which comprised a form of executive government...
(561 BC560s BC-Events and trends:* 568 BC—Amtalqa succeeds his brother Aspelta as king of Kush.* 567 BC—Former pharaoh Apries invades Egypt with Babylonian help but is defeated by Saite pharaoh Amasis II ....
– 528 BC520s BC-Events:* 529 BC—Cambyses II started to rule. He is son of Cyrus II. He conquered Egypt and Cyprus.* 528 BC—Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment, and began his ministry.* 527 BC—Pisistratus a tyrant of Athens dies: his son Hippias inherits his power....
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- Peisistratos, tyrant of Athens
- Ireland (legendary)
- Cobthach Cóel BregCobthach Cóel BregCobthach Cóel Breg, son of Úgaine Mor, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He took power after murdering his brother Lóegaire Lorc. The story is told that he was so consumed with jealousy for his brother that he wasted away to almost nothing,...
, High King of Ireland (592 BC590s BC-Events and trends:* 599 BC—Vardhamana Mahavira, last Tirthankara of Jainism, is born.* 598 BC—Jehoiachin succeeds Jehoiakim as King of Judah.* March 16, 597 BC—Babylonians capture Jerusalem following a siege, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king....
– 542 BC540s BC-Events and trends:* 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.* 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital....
) - Labraid LoingsechLabraid LoingsechLabraid Loingsech , also known as Labraid Lorc, son of Ailill Áine, son of Lóegaire Lorc, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He was considered the ancestor of the Laigin, who gave their name to the province of Leinster...
, High King of Ireland (542 BC – 523 BC520s BC-Events:* 529 BC—Cambyses II started to rule. He is son of Cyrus II. He conquered Egypt and Cyprus.* 528 BC—Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment, and began his ministry.* 527 BC—Pisistratus a tyrant of Athens dies: his son Hippias inherits his power....
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- Cobthach Cóel Breg
- Macedonia
- Alcetas IAlcetas I of MacedonAlcetas I of Macedon was a son of Aeropus I of Macedon and the 8th king of Μacedon, counting from Karanus, and the 5th, counting from Perdiccas, reigned, according to Eusebius, 29 years...
, King of Macedonia (576 BC – 547 BC) - Amyntas IAmyntas I of MacedonAmyntas I was a king of Macedon. He was a son of Alcetas I of Macedon and his queen. He married a woman called Eurydice and had a son Alexander....
, King of Macedonia (547 BC – 498 BC498 BCYear 498 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Siculus and Flavus...
)
- Alcetas I
- RomeAncient RomeAncient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
- Servius TulliusServius TulliusServius Tullius was the legendary sixth king of ancient Rome, and the second of its Etruscan dynasty. He reigned 578-535 BC. Roman and Greek sources describe his servile origins and later marriage to a daughter of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, Rome's first Etruscan king, who was assassinated in 579 BC...
, King of RomeKing of RomeThe King of Rome was the chief magistrate of the Roman Kingdom. According to legend, the first king of Rome was Romulus, who founded the city in 753 BC upon the Palatine Hill. Seven legendary kings are said to have ruled Rome until 509 BC, when the last king was overthrown. These kings ruled for...
(578 BC570s BC-Events and trends:*579 BC—Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as the sixth King of Rome. *575 BC—Ishtar Gate and throne room wall, from Babylon is made...
– 535 BC530s BC-Events and trends:* 539 BC—Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus.* 538 BC—Cyrus, king of Persia, allows Jews in Babylon to return to Jerusalem....
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- Servius Tullius
- SpartaSpartaSparta or Lacedaemon, was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece, situated on the banks of the River Eurotas in Laconia, in south-eastern Peloponnese. It emerged as a political entity around the 10th century BC, when the invading Dorians subjugated the local, non-Dorian population. From c...
(Agiad Dynasty)- Anaxandridas IIAnaxandridas IIAnaxandridas II was a king of Sparta, son of Leon, between 560 to 525 BC. At the time when Croesus sent his embassy to form alliance with " the mightiest of the Greeks," i. e. about 554, the war with Tegea, which in the late reigns went against them, had now been decided in the Spartans' favour,...
, King of SpartaKings of SpartaSparta was an important Greek city-state in the Peloponnesus. It was unusual among Greek city-states in that it maintained its kingship past the Archaic age. It was even more unusual in that it had two kings simultaneously, coming from two separate lines...
(c. 560 BC – c. 520 BC510s BC-Events and trends:*519 BC—Zhou Jing Wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.*c. 518 BC—Darius I began construction of Parsa .*518 BC—Construction of Apadana of Darius and Xerxes, ceremonial complex, at Persepolis, Iran started....
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- Anaxandridas II
Middle East
- ArmeniaArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
- Tigranes OrontidTigranes OrontidTigranes I Orontid the Great Armenian King of Orontid Dynasty reigning in the period between 560 BC – 535 BC.According to Moses of Khorene during the reign of Tigran I Yervanduni the territory of Armenia spread for about 400 sq. km....
, King of Armenia (560 BC – 535 BC530s BC-Events and trends:* 539 BC—Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus.* 538 BC—Cyrus, king of Persia, allows Jews in Babylon to return to Jerusalem....
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- Tigranes Orontid
- BabylonBabylonBabylon was an Akkadian city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which are found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad...
(Eleventh Dyntasy)- NabonidusNabonidusNabonidus was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, reigning from 556-539 BCE.-Historiography on Nabonidus:...
, King of Babylon (556 BC550s BC-Events and trends:*Carthage conquers Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.*559 BC—King Cambyses I of Anshan dies and is succeeded by his son Cyrus II the Great.*558 BC—Hegesias is removed as Archon of Athens....
– 539 BC530s BC-Events and trends:* 539 BC—Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus.* 538 BC—Cyrus, king of Persia, allows Jews in Babylon to return to Jerusalem....
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- Nabonidus
- Median EmpireMedesThe MedesThe Medes...
- AstyagesAstyagesAstyages Astyages Astyages (spelled by Herodotus as Ἀστυάγης - Astyages; by Ctesias as Astyigas; by Diodorus as Aspadas; Akkadian: Ištumegu, was the last king of the Median Empire, r...
, King of Medes (589 BC580s BC-Events and trends:* 589 BC—Apries succeeds Psamtik II as king of Egypt.* 588 BC—Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon begins siege of Jerusalem; the opera Nabucco sets the date at 587 BC.* 587 BC—Jerusalem falls to the Babylonians, ending the Kingdom of Judah...
– 549 BC)
- Astyages
- Achaemenid EmpireAchaemenid EmpireThe Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation...
(Persia)- Cyrus the GreatCyrus the GreatCyrus II of Persia , commonly known as Cyrus the Great, also known as Cyrus the Elder, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Southwest Asia and much...
, King of the Achaemenid Empire (550 BC – 530 BC520s BC-Events:* 529 BC—Cambyses II started to rule. He is son of Cyrus II. He conquered Egypt and Cyprus.* 528 BC—Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment, and began his ministry.* 527 BC—Pisistratus a tyrant of Athens dies: his son Hippias inherits his power....
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- Cyrus the Great