List of religious leaders in 1999
Encyclopedia
1998 religious leaders – Events of 1999 – 2000 religious leaders – Religious leaders by year
Religious leaders by year
-Twenty-first century:-Twenty-first century:-Twenty-first century:::2011:2010 - 2009 - 2008 - 2007 - 2006 - 2005 - 2004 - 2003 - 2002 - 2001-Twentieth century:::2000 - 1999 - 1998 - 1997 - 1996 - 1995 - 1994 - 1993 - 1992 - 1991...


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Eastern Orthodox churches

  • Constantinople – Bartholomew I, Ecumenical Patriarch (1991–present)
  • Albania – Anastasius of Albania, Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1992–present)
  • Bulgaria – Maxim, Patriarch of All Bulgaria
    Patriarch of All Bulgaria
    The Patriarch of All Bulgaria is the Patriarch of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. The Bulgarian patriarchate was re-established in 1953.-History:...

     (1971–present)
  • Cyprus – Chrysostomos
    Chrysostomos
    Chrysostomos can refer to:People*John Chrysostom , bishop of Constantinople , a Christian church father and saint*Dio Chrysostom , a Greco-Roman philosopher...

    , Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cyprus (1977–present)
  • Georgia – Ilia II
    Ilia II
    Ilia II is the current Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia and the spiritual leader of the Georgian Orthodox Church...

    , Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia
    Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia
    Catholicos–Patriarch has been the title of the heads of the Georgian Orthodox Church since 1010. The first Catholicos–Patriarch of All Georgia was Melkisedek I...

     (1977–present)
  • Greece – Christodoulos
    Christodoulos
    Christodoulos was Archbishop of Athens and All Greece and as such the primate of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Greece, from 1998 until his death, in 2008.- Early life and career :...

    , Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1998–present)
  • Jerusalem – Diodorus, Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
    Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
    The Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the head bishop of the Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, ranking fourth of nine Patriarchs in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Since 2005, the Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem has been Theophilos III...

     (1981–2000)
  • North America – Theodosius (Lazor)
    Theodosius (Lazor)
    Metropolitan Theodosius was the primate of the Orthodox Church in America from 1977 until his retirement in 2002. On April 2, 2002, Metropolitan Theodosius submitted a petition to the Holy Synod of the OCA, requesting his retirement...

    , Metropolitan of All America and Canada
    Orthodox Church in America
    The Orthodox Church in America is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in North America. Its primate is Metropolitan Jonah , who was elected on November 12, 2008, and was formally installed on December 28, 2008...

     (1977–2002)
  • Poland – Sawa
    Sawa
    Sawa may refer to:*The Sawa peoples of CameroonLocations*Sawa, Nepal*The Sawa Defence Training Centre of Eritrea*Sawa, Lesser Poland Voivodeship Arts*SAWA, Japanese techno-pop singer*Devon Sawa, Canadian actor...

    , Metropolitan of Warsaw and All Poland (1998–present)
  • Romania – Teoctist I
    Teoctist Arapasu
    Teoctist was the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church from 1986 to 2007.Teoctist served his first years as patriarch under the Romanian Communist regime, and was accused by some of collaboration...

    , Patriarch of All Romania
    Patriarch of All Romania
    The Patriarch of All Romania is the title of the head of the Romanian Orthodox Church. As of September 12, 2007, the chair is occupied by Daniel Ciobotea.-Metropolitans of Ungro-Wallachia:* Maxim * Macarie II * Ilarion II...

     (1986–2007)
  • Russia – Alexei II
    Patriarch Alexius II
    Patriarch Alexy II was the 15th Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church....

    , Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (1990–present)
  • Serbia – Pavle of Serbia
    Pavle
    Pavle is a Serbian and Macedonian male given name corresponding to English "Paul"; the name is of biblical origin . The Croatian form is Pavao, and in other Slavic languages it is usually Pavel.People with this name include:...

    , Patriarch of the Serbs (1990–present)

Oriental Orthodox Churches

  • Armenian Apostolic Church
    Armenian Apostolic Church
    The Armenian Apostolic Church is the world's oldest National Church, is part of Oriental Orthodoxy, and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in 301 AD, in establishing this church...

     –
  • Karekin I
    Karekin I
    Karekin I , served as the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church between 1995 and 1999...

    , Catholicos of Armenia
    Catholicos of Armenia
    The Catholicos of All Armenians is the chief bishop of Armenia's national church, the Armenian Apostolic Church. It is one of the Oriental Orthodox churches that do not accept the decisions of the Council of Chalcedon. The first Catholicos of All Armenians was Saint Gregory the Illuminator...

     (1995–1999)
  • Karekin II
    Karekin II
    Catholicos Karekin II is the current head of the Holy Armenian Apostolic Church.He was born as Ktrij Nersessian in Voskehat, Armenia, on August 21, 1951. He entered the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at Echmiadzin in 1965 and graduated with honors in 1971. He was ordained to the diaconate deacon...

    , Catholicos of Armenia
    Catholicos of Armenia
    The Catholicos of All Armenians is the chief bishop of Armenia's national church, the Armenian Apostolic Church. It is one of the Oriental Orthodox churches that do not accept the decisions of the Council of Chalcedon. The first Catholicos of All Armenians was Saint Gregory the Illuminator...

     (1999–present)
    • Assyrian Church of the East
      Assyrian Church of the East
      The Assyrian Church of the East, officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East ʻIttā Qaddishtā w-Shlikhāitā Qattoliqi d-Madnĕkhā d-Āturāyē), is a Syriac Church historically centered in Mesopotamia. It is one of the churches that claim continuity with the historical...

       -Mar Dinkha IV (1976–present) Rival Patriarch in Baghdad Mar Addai II
      Mar Addai II
      Mar Addai II , born Shimun Giwargis, is the incumbent Catholicos Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East and resides in the Apostolic See of Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Baghdad, Iraq.,He was elected to the position of Catholicos-Patriarch in February 1970, several months after the death of...

       (1970–present)
    • Coptic Orthodox Church – Shenouda III of Alexandria, Coptic Pope (1971–present)
    • Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Abune Paulos
      Abune Paulos
      Abune Paulos is Abuna and Patriarch of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church . His full title is "His Holiness Abuna Paulos, Fifth Patriarch and Catholicos of Ethiopia, Ichege of the See of St...

       (1992–present)
    • Syriac Orthodox Church
      Syriac Orthodox Church
      The Syriac Orthodox Church; is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church based in the Eastern Mediterranean, with members spread throughout the world. The Syriac Orthodox Church claims to derive its origin from one of the first Christian communities, established in Antioch by the Apostle St....

       – Ignatius Zakka I Iwas
      Ignatius Zakka I Iwas
      Ignatius Zakka I Iwas is the 122nd reigning Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, and as such, Supreme Head of the Universal Syriac Orthodox Church. Also known by his traditional episcopal name, Severios, he was enthroned as patriarch on 14 September 1980 in St. George's...

       (1980–present)

Protestantism

  • Assemblies of God
    Assemblies of God
    The Assemblies of God , officially the World Assemblies of God Fellowship, is a group of over 140 autonomous but loosely-associated national groupings of churches which together form the world's largest Pentecostal denomination...

     – Thomas E. Trask, General superintendent of the Assemblies of God (1993–present)
  • Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod
    Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod
    The Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod is a traditional, confessional Lutheran denomination in the United States. With 2.3 million members, it is both the eighth largest Protestant denomination and the second-largest Lutheran body in the U.S. after the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The Synod...

     – President Alvin L. Barry
    Alvin L. Barry
    Alvin L. Barry was president of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod from 1992 until his death. He is the only president of the LCMS to die in office. He previously served as president of the Synod's Iowa District East from 1982 to 1992.-External links:*...

     (1992–2001)
  • Seventh-day Adventist Church
    Seventh-day Adventist Church
    The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a Protestant Christian denomination distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the original seventh day of the Judeo-Christian week, as the Sabbath, and by its emphasis on the imminent second coming of Jesus Christ...

     –
  • Robert S. Folkenberg
    Robert S. Folkenberg
    Robert Stanley Folkenberg, , served as General Conference president of the Seventh-day Adventist Church from 1990 through to his resignation in 1999...

    , President (1990–1999)
  • Jan Paulsen
    Jan Paulsen
    Dr. Jan Paulsen was elected President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists on March 1, 1999, at the age of 64...

    , President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists (1999–present)
    • Worldwide Church of God
      Worldwide Church of God
      Grace Communion International , formerly the Worldwide Church of God , is an evangelical Christian denomination based in Glendora, California, United States. Since April 3, 2009, it has used the new name Grace Communion International in the US...

       – Joseph Tkach, Jr., Pastor-General of the Worldwide Church of God (1995–present)
    • The Salvation Army
      The Salvation Army
      The Salvation Army is a Protestant Christian church known for its thrift stores and charity work. It is an international movement that currently works in over a hundred countries....

       –
  • Paul Rader, General (1994–1999)
  • John Gowans
    John Gowans
    John Gowans was the sixteenth General of the Salvation Army from 1999–2002, succeeding General Paul Rader. He is also notable for pairing with General John Larsson in the composition of many songs and musicals....

    , General (1999–2003)

Provinces of the Anglican Communion

  • Church of England
    Church of England
    The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...

     –
  • Titular leadership – Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...

    , Supreme Governor of the Church of England
    Supreme Governor of the Church of England
    The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is a title held by the British monarchs which signifies their titular leadership over the Church of England. Although the monarch's authority over the Church of England is not strong, the position is still very relevant to the church and is mostly...

     (1952–present)
  • Spiritual leadership – George Carey
    George Carey
    George Leonard Carey, Baron Carey of Clifton PC, FKC is a former Archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1991 to 2002. He was the first modern holder of the office not to have attended Oxford or Cambridge University...

    , Archbishop of Canterbury (1991–2002)
  • Anglican Church of Canada
    Anglican Church of Canada
    The Anglican Church of Canada is the Province of the Anglican Communion in Canada. The official French name is l'Église Anglicane du Canada. The ACC is the third largest church in Canada after the Roman Catholic Church and the United Church of Canada, consisting of 800,000 registered members...

     – Michael Peers
    Michael Peers
    Michael Geoffrey Peers was Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada from 1986 to 2004.Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Peers completed an undergraduate degree in languages at the University of British Columbia in 1956 and a diploma in translation at the University of Heidelberg in 1957...

    , Primate (1986–2004)
  • Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui – Peter Kwong
    Peter Kwong
    Peter Kwong Kong-kit, GBS, was the first Archbishop Primate of Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui and, in 1998, was named as Bishop of the Diocese of Hong Kong Island....

    , Archbishop
    Archbishop of Hong Kong
    The Archbishop of Hong Kong is the senior bishop, spiritual and moral leader of the Anglican Province of Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui. The archbishop is also Primate of Hong Kong , and both incumbents have, coincidentally, also been Bishop of Hong Kong Island...

     (1998–2006)
  • Episcopal Church in the United States of America – Frank Griswold, Presiding Bishop (1998–2006)

Continuing Anglicanism

  • American Anglican Church – John A. Herzog, Presiding Bishop (1994–present)
  • Anglican Province of America
    Anglican Province of America
    The Anglican Province of America is one of a number of "Continuing" Anglican churches in the United States. This church considers the Episcopal Church in the USA to be heretical, thus it maintains a church separate from that body in order to follow what it considers to be a truly Christian and...

     – Walter Grundorf, Presiding Bishop (early 1990s–present)
  • Diocese of the Great Lakes
    Diocese of the Great Lakes
    The Diocese of the Great Lakes is a Continuing Anglican church body in the United States and Canada. Although all of its worship centers and clergy are currently located in the American Great Lakes states and the Canadian Province of Ontario, the diocese is non-geographical in structure and open...

     – Julius A. Neeser, Bishop Ordinary (1998–2002)
  • Episcopal Missionary Church
    Episcopal Missionary Church
    The Episcopal Missionary Church is a Continuing Anglican church body in the United States and a member of the Federation of Anglican Churches in the Americas...

     – A. Donald Davies, Presiding Bishop (1992–2000)
  • Orthodox Anglican Communion
    Orthodox Anglican Communion
    The Orthodox Anglican Communion was established in 1967 as a self-governing worldwide fellowship of national churches in the Anglican tradition. The Orthodox Anglican Communion was one of the first such communions to be formed outside of the See of Canterbury and therefore is not part of the...

     – Robert J. Godfrey
    Robert J. Godfrey
    Robert J. Godfrey was the third Presiding Bishop of the Anglican Orthodox Church, Metropolitan Archbishop of the Orthodox Anglican Communion, and the President of Cranmer Seminary. Significantly, during his tenure as bishop Godfrey legally changed the name of the jurisdiction to the"Episcopal...

    , Metropolitan Archbishop (1994–2000)
  • Episcopal Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of America
    Orthodox Anglican Church
    The Orthodox Anglican Church is the American branch of the Orthodox Anglican Communion. It is now considered to be part of the Continuing Anglican movement, although the church predates the Continuing Church movement and was actively opposed to Continuing Anglicanism when it developed during the...

     – Robert J. Godfrey
    Robert J. Godfrey
    Robert J. Godfrey was the third Presiding Bishop of the Anglican Orthodox Church, Metropolitan Archbishop of the Orthodox Anglican Communion, and the President of Cranmer Seminary. Significantly, during his tenure as bishop Godfrey legally changed the name of the jurisdiction to the"Episcopal...

    , Presiding Bishop (1994–2000)
  • Province of Christ the King
    Anglican Province of Christ the King
    The Anglican Province of Christ the King is a Continuing Anglican church with traditional forms both of doctrine and liturgy. It is considered one of the more Anglo-Catholic jurisdictions among Continuing Anglican church bodies.-History:...

     – Robert Morse, Bishop Ordinary (1977–2007)
  • Reformed Episcopal Church
    Reformed Episcopal Church
    The Reformed Episcopal Church is an Anglican church in the United States and Canada and a founding member of the Anglican Church in North America...

     – Leonard W. Riches
    Leonard W. Riches
    Leonard Wayne Riches is the current Presiding Bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church and bishop of the Diocese of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic of his denomination. He received the Bachelor of Arts from Princeton University and the Master of Divinity and the Doctor of Divinity Honoris causa from...

    , Presiding Bishop (1996–present)
  • Traditional Anglican Communion
    Traditional Anglican Communion
    The Traditional Anglican Communion is an international communion of churches in the continuing Anglican movement independent of the Anglican Communion and the Archbishop of Canterbury. The TAC upholds the theological doctrines of the Affirmation of St. Louis and an Anglo-Catholic interpretation of...

     – Louis Falk
    Louis Falk
    Louis Wahl Falk III is the President of the House of Bishops of the Anglican Church in America. Until 2002 he was the Primate of the Traditional Anglican Communion, an international body of continuing Anglican churches....

    , Primate (1991–2002)
  • Anglican Church in America – Louis Falk
    Louis Falk
    Louis Wahl Falk III is the President of the House of Bishops of the Anglican Church in America. Until 2002 he was the Primate of the Traditional Anglican Communion, an international body of continuing Anglican churches....

    , Primate (1991–2005)
  • Anglican Catholic Church of Canada
    Anglican Catholic Church of Canada
    The Anglican Catholic Church of Canada is an Anglican church that was founded in the 1970s by conservative Anglicans.-Affiliation:With 30 congregations in Canada, the ACCC is the third-largest of the Anglican churches in Canada, after the ACC and the Anglican Church in North America.The Anglican...

     – Robert Mercer, Bishop and Metropolitan (1988–2005)
  • Anglican Catholic Church in Australia
    Anglican Catholic Church in Australia
    The Anglican Catholic Church in Australia is the regional jurisdiction of the Traditional Anglican Communion for most of Australia and also provides episcopal oversight for New Zealand and Japan...

     – John Hepworth
    John Hepworth
    John Anthony Hepworth is an Australian bishop. He is currently the primate and archbishop of the Traditional Anglican Communion, an international body of continuing Anglican churches. He is also the ordinary of the Anglican Catholic Church in Australia.Hepworth began his seminary studies in 1960...

    , Archbishop (1998–present)
  • Anglican Church of India
    Anglican Church of India
    The Anglican Church of India is a union of independent Anglican churches in India. When India became independent in 1947, the Church of South India was formed as a united church of Anglicans, Baptists, Basel Mission, Lutherans and Presbyterians...

     – Stephen Vattappara, Metropolitan Bishop (1990–present)
  • United Episcopal Church of North America
    United Episcopal Church of North America
    The United Episcopal Church of North America is a traditional Anglican Christian church that is part of the Continuing Anglican movement...

     – Stephen C. Reber
    Stephen C. Reber
    Stephen C. Reber, Sr. of Statesville, North Carolina is a former Presiding Bishop of the United Episcopal Church of North America . Before being elected as Presiding Bishop of the UECNA, Reber had been a presbyter in the Anglican Orthodox Church and rector of St. Peter's Anglican Orthodox Church in...

    , Presiding Bishop (1996–2010)

Other Christian

  • The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) – Gordon B. Hinckley
    Gordon B. Hinckley
    Gordon Bitner Hinckley was an American religious leader and author who served as the 15th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from March 12, 1995 until his death...

    , President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (1995–2008)

Islam

  • Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
    Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
    The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is the larger of two communities that arose from the Ahmadiyya movement founded in 1889 in India by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian . The original movement split into two factions soon after the death of the founder...

     – Khalifatul Masih
    Khalifatul Masih
    Khalifatul Masih sometimes simply referred to as Khalifah is the elected spiritual leader of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and is the successor of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian...

     IV, Hazrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad
    Mirza Tahir Ahmad
    Mirza Tahir Ahmad was Khalifatul Masih IV, Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and fourth successor to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad...

     (1982–2003)
  • Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement
    Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement
    The Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam, Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat-i-Islam Lahore , also known as the Lahoris, formed as a result of ideological differences within the Ahmadiyya movement, after the demise of Maulana Hakim Noor-ud-Din in 1914, the first Khalifa after its founder,...

     – Asgar Hameed, Amir (1996–2002)
  • Dawoodi Bohras – Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin (1965–present)
  • Nizari
    Nizari
    'The Shī‘a Imami Ismā‘īlī Tariqah also referred to as the Ismā‘īlī or Nizārī , is a path of Shī‘a Islām, emphasizing social justice, pluralism, and human reason within the framework of the mystical tradition of Islam. The Nizari are the second largest branch of Shia Islam and form the majority...

     – Aga Khan IV
    Aga Khan IV
    Prince Karim, Aga Khan IV, NPk, NI, KBE, CC, GCC, GCIH, GCM is the 49th and current Imam of the Shia Imami Nizari Ismaili Muslims. He has held this position under the title of Aga Khan since July 11, 1957, when, at the age of 20, he succeeded his grandfather, Sultan Mahomed Shah Aga Khan...

     (1957–present)

Eastern

  • Tibetan Buddhism
    Tibetan Buddhism
    Tibetan Buddhism is the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and certain regions of the Himalayas, including northern Nepal, Bhutan, and India . It is the state religion of Bhutan...

     – Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama
    Dalai Lama
    The Dalai Lama is a high lama in the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" branch of Tibetan Buddhism. The name is a combination of the Mongolian word далай meaning "Ocean" and the Tibetan word bla-ma meaning "teacher"...

     (1935–present)
  • Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
    Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
    The Supreme Patriarch or Sangharaja is the head of the order of Buddhist monks in Thailand. The position is formally appointed by the King of Thailand, although the actual selection is made by senior clergymen...

    - Nyanasamvara Suvaddhana
    Nyanasamvara Suvaddhana
    Somdet Phra Nyanasamvara is the 19th and incumbent Supreme Patriarch of Thailand...

     (1989–present)

Other

  • Jehovah's Witnesses
    Jehovah's Witnesses
    Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The religion reports worldwide membership of over 7 million adherents involved in evangelism, convention attendance of over 12 million, and annual...

     – Don Adams
    Don A. Adams
    Don Alden Adams is the current president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, the principal corporation of Jehovah's Witnesses.- Biography :...

    , President of the Jehovah's Witnesses (2000–present)
  • Tibetan Buddhism
    Tibetan Buddhism
    Tibetan Buddhism is the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and certain regions of the Himalayas, including northern Nepal, Bhutan, and India . It is the state religion of Bhutan...

     – Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama
    Dalai Lama
    The Dalai Lama is a high lama in the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" branch of Tibetan Buddhism. The name is a combination of the Mongolian word далай meaning "Ocean" and the Tibetan word bla-ma meaning "teacher"...

     (1935–present)
  • Most Holy Church of God in Christ Jesus
    Most Holy Church of God in Christ Jesus
    The Most Holy Church of God in Christ Jesus , is a Christian denomination founded in the Philippines by Bishop Teofilo D. Ora in May 1922....

     – Gamaliel T. Payawal, Bishop (1989–2003)
  • World Council of Churches
    World Council of Churches
    The World Council of Churches is a worldwide fellowship of 349 global, regional and sub-regional, national and local churches seeking unity, a common witness and Christian service. It is a Christian ecumenical organization that is based in the Ecumenical Centre in Geneva, Switzerland...

     – Samuel Kobia
    Samuel Kobia
    Rev Dr Samuel Kobia , is a Methodist clergyman and the first African to be elected General Secretary of the World Council of Churches , a worldwide fellowship of 349 global, regional and local churches representing a Christian population of over 590 million people...

    , General Secretary of the World Council of Churches (1993–2003)
  • New Apostolic Church
    New Apostolic Church
    The New Apostolic Church is a chiliastic church, converted to Protestantism as a free church from the Catholic Apostolic Church. The church has existed since 1879 in Germany and since 1897 in the Netherlands...

     – Richard Fehr
    Richard Fehr
    Richard Fehr was the seventh Chief Apostle of the New Apostolic Church from 22 May 1988 to 15 May 2005.-Life:...

    , Chief apostle of the New Apostolic Church (1988–present)
  • Coptic Orthodox Church – Shenouda III of Alexandria, Coptic Pope (1971–present)
  • Jesus Is Lord Church – Bishop Bro. Eddie Villanueva, Founder and International President (1978–present)
  • Scientology
    Scientology
    Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices created by science fiction and fantasy author L. Ron Hubbard , starting in 1952, as a successor to his earlier self-help system, Dianetics...

     –
    • David Miscavige
      David Miscavige
      David Miscavige is the leader of the Church of Scientology and affiliated organizations. His title is Chairman of the Board of Religious Technology Center , a corporation that controls the trademarked names and symbols of Dianetics and Scientology. Miscavige was an assistant to Hubbard while a...

      , Chairman of the Board of Religious Technology Center http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/rtc2.htm, "highest ecclesiastical official of the http://www.scientologyreligion.org "Scientology religion" (1987–present)
    • Heber Jentzsch
      Heber Jentzsch
      Heber Carl Jentzsch has served as president of the Church of Scientology International since 1982.-Biography:Heber Jentzsch grew up in a Mormon family, and identified himself as a "believing Mormon". He is the son of polygamist Carl Jentzsch and Carl's third wife Pauline; Heber has 42 siblings...

      , official president of the Church of Scientology
      Church of Scientology
      The Church of Scientology is an organization devoted to the practice and the promotion of the Scientology belief system. The Church of Scientology International is the Church of Scientology's parent organization, and is responsible for the overall ecclesiastical management, dissemination and...

      (1982–present)
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