List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish
Encyclopedia
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
that have ever been included in the class chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fishes are jawed fish with paired fins, paired nares, scales, two-chambered hearts, and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone...
and are known from the fossil record. This list excludes purely vernacular terms. It includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia
Nomen dubium
In zoological nomenclature, a nomen dubium is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application...
), or were not formally published (nomina nuda
Nomen nudum
The phrase nomen nudum is a Latin term, meaning "naked name", used in taxonomy...
), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered to be cartilaginous fish.
This list currently contains 376 generic names.
- ExtinctExtinctionIn biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms , normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point...
genera are marked by a dagger (†). - Extant taxon genera are bolded.
Naming conventions and terminology
Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological NomenclatureInternational Code of Zoological Nomenclature
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals...
. Technical terms used include:
- Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
- Nomen nudumNomen nudumThe phrase nomen nudum is a Latin term, meaning "naked name", used in taxonomy...
(Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen. - Nomen oblitumNomen oblitumA nomen oblitum is a technical term, used in zoological nomenclature, for a particular kind of disused scientific name....
(Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal. - Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
- Nomen dubiumNomen dubiumIn zoological nomenclature, a nomen dubium is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application...
(Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.
A
- †Abdounia
- †Acandylacanthus
- †Acanthorhina
- †Acanthoscyllium
- †Acmoniodus
- †AcrodusAcrodusAcrodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Triassic.The species Acrodus anningiae was named in honor of pioneering paleontologist Mary Anning.-Sources:* Fossils by David Ward...
- †Acronemus
- †Aellopos
- AetobatusAetobatusAetobatus is a genus of fish in the Myliobatidae family.It contains the following species:* Aetobatus flagellum * Aetobatus guttatus...
- AetomylaeusAetomylaeusAetomylaeus is a genus of eagle ray in the Myliobatidae family.It contains the following species:* Aetomylaeus maculatus * Aetomylaeus milvus...
- †Agaleus
- †Agassizodus
- †Ageleodus
- †Agkistracanthus
- †Alethodontus
- †Almascyllium
- Alopias
- †Amelacanthus
- †Amylodon
- †Anachronistes
- †Anaclitacanthus
- †Ankystrorhynchus
- †Annea
- †AnomotodonAnomotodonAnomotodon is an extinct genus of shark related to the extant goblin shark . The distribution of Anomotodon fossils is worldwide, in formations indicating that members of the genus lived from the Early Cretaceous epoch through the Eocene epoch, and perhaps through the Oligocene as well. Described...
- Anoxypristis
- †Antliodus
- †Apocopodon
- †Arauzia
- †Archaeolamna
- †Archaeomanta
- †Archaeotriakis
- †Arctacanthus
- †Arechia
- †Arpagodus
- †ArthropterusArthropterusArthropterus is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:* Arthropterus abnormis Oke, 1932 * Arthropterus adelaidae Macleay, 1873 * Arthropterus ambitiosus Kolbe, 1924...
- †Asteracanthus
- †Asterodermus
- †Asteroptychius
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B
- †Bdellodus
- †Bebhacanthus
- †Belantsea
- †Belemnobatis
- †Bobbodus
- Brachaelurus
- †Brachymylus
- †Brachyrhizodus
- †Brachyrhizodus
- †Breviacanthus
- †Burnhamia
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C
- Callorhynchus
- †CampodusCampodusCampodus is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid from the Carboniferous....
- †Campyloprion
- †Cantioscyllium
- CarcharhinusCarcharhinusCarcharhinus is the type genus of the requiem shark family, Carcharhinidae.- Species :* Carcharhinus acarenatus * Carcharhinus acronotus...
- †Carchariolamna
- †Carcharocles
- Carcharodon
- †Carcharoides
- †CaseodusCaseodusCaseodus is the extinct genus of eugeneodontid from the Carboniferous....
- †Cederstroemia
- †Centrophoroides
- CentrophorusCentrophorusCentrophorus is a genus of squaliform sharks. They are deep-water sharks found in temperate and tropical oceans throughout the world. They are characterized by grey or brown bodies, large green eyes, and spines on both dorsal fins...
- †Centropterus
- †Centrosqualus
- Cetorhinus
- Chaenogaleus
- †Chiastodus
- Chiloscyllium
- ChimaeraChimaeraChimaeras are cartilaginous fish in the order Chimaeriformes, known informally as ghost sharks, ratfish , spookfish , or rabbitfishes...
- †Chimaeropsis
- ChlamydoselachusChlamydoselachusChlamydoselachus is a genus of sharks and the sole extant member of the family Chlamydoselachidae, in the order Hexanchiformes. It contains two extant and several extinct species.-Species:...
- †Chomatodus
- †ChondrenchelysChondrenchelysChondrenchelys is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish....
- †CladoselacheCladoselacheCladoselache is a genus of extinct shark. It appeared in the Devonian period.This primitive shark grew to be up to long and roamed the oceans of North America. It is known to have been a fast moving and fairly agile predator due to its streamlined body and deep forked tail...
- †CobelodusCobelodusCobelodus is an extinct genus of shark that lived in the Middle to Late Carboniferous period in what is today Illinois and Iowa.Cobelodus was a long predator. Although it was a shark, Cobelodus had a number of differences from modern forms. It had a bulbous head, large eyes, a high-arched back,...
- †Coelosteus
- †Copodus
- †Coronodus
- †CoupateziaCoupateziaCoupatezia is a prehistoric genus of ray whose fossils are found in strata dating from the Maastrichtian stage until the last species' extinction during the Middle Eocene...
- †Crassidonta
- †Cratoselache
- †Cretascymnus
- †Cretodus
- †Cretolamna
- †Cretorectolobus
- †Cretoxyrhina
- †Ctenacanthus
- †CtenopristisCtenopristisCtenopristis is a prehistoric genus of saw fish whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage. The anterior teeth of Ctenopristis have a high cusp compared to certain other ancient sawfish genera...
- †CyclobatisCyclobatisCyclobatis is an extinct genus of stingray-like skate from the Upper Cretaceous of what is now Lebanon. The genus is typified by a circular form, hence the prefix "Cyclo-," meaning "wheel-like," and the presence of an extremely short tail....
- †Cynopodius
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D
- †Dabasacanthus
- Dalatias
- †DalpiaziaDalpiaziaDalpiazia is a prehistoric genus of saw fish whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage in Morocco. It was named in honor of Ernst Stromer.-Classification:...
- DasyatisDasyatisDasyatis is a genus of stingray. The members of the genus Neotrygon were formerly included in Dasyatis.-Species:...
- DeaniaDeaniaDeania is a genus of long-snouted, deepwater dogfish sharks in the family Centrophoridae.-Species:* Deania calcea * Deania hystricosa * Deania profundorum Deania is a genus of long-snouted, deepwater dogfish sharks in the family Centrophoridae.-Species:* Deania calcea (R. T. Lowe, 1839) (Birdbeak...
- †Debeerius
- †DelphyodontosDelphyodontosDelphyodontos dacriformes was a prehistoric holocephalid fish from the early Carboniferous, from the Bear Gulch Limestone Lagerstätte, in Montana. Its fossils consist mainly of aborted fetuses or newly hatched young...
- †DeltoptychiusDeltoptychiusDeltoptychius is an extinct species of cartaliginous fish related to the modern chimaeras. It lived in the Carboniferous period of present-day Europe....
- †Denaea
- †Desmiodus
- †Desdeminus
- †Diademodus
- †Dicrenodus
- †Doratodus
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E
- †EchinochimaeraEchinochimaeraEchinochimaera is an extinct genus of fish, it was assigned to the order chimaera by Jack Sepkoski in 2002. The genus' name derives from the Greek εχινό meaning spiny, and chimaera.-Species:...
- †Echinodus
- EchinorhinusEchinorhinusEchinorhinus is a genus of squaliform sharks, the only extant genus in the family Echinorhinidae. The name is from Greek echinos meaning "spiny" and rhinos meaning "nose". Both species are uncommon, little known sharks...
- †EdaphodonEdaphodonEdaphodon was a prehistoric chimaeriforme fish genus belonging to the family callorhinchidae. Edaphodon was a type of rabbitfish, a cartilaginous fish related to sharks and rays, and indeed some rabbitfishes are still alive today. Edaphodon has under fifteen known species, all of which are extinct...
- †EdestusEdestusEdestus is a genus of shark that lived throughout the world's oceans during the late Carboniferous. All of the species are known only from their teeth...
- †Elasmodectes
- †Elasmodus
- †Elegestolepis
- †Eoetmopterus
- †Eogaleus
- †Eomanta
- †Eomobula
- †Eonotidanus
- †Eoorodus
- †Eostegostoma
- †Eotorpedo
- †Erikodus
- †ErquitaiaErquitaiaErquitaia is a poorly known genus of prehistoric galeomorph shark whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage.-Classification:...
- EtmopterusEtmopterusEtmopterus, commonly known as lantern sharks, is a diverse genus of dogfish sharks in the family Etmopteridae. This genus has 35 described species.-Species:* Etmopterus baxteri...
- †Eucentrurus
- †Eugeneodus
- †Euglossodus
- †Euryarthra
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F
- †FadeniaFadeniaFadenia is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid from Permian of Greenland....
- †Falcatus
- †Fissodus
G
- Galeocerdo
- †Ganodus
- †GanopristisGanopristisGanopristis is a prehistoric genus of saw fish whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage. Its fossils can be found in Spain and Israel.-Species:*Ganopristis hiram*Ganopristis leptodon*Ganopristis libanica...
- Geleorhinus
- †Gibbechinorhinus
- †Gilliodus
- Ginglymostoma
- †GlikmaniusGlikmaniusGlikmanius is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Carboniferous of North America and Russia. The genus is based on a whole specimen from Nebraska, USA. Glikmanius is named in honour of the Russian palaeontologist, Dr...
- †Glyphanodus
- †Goodrichthys
- Gymnura
H
- †Harpacodus
- †HarpagofututorHarpagofututorHarpagofututor is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Mississippian of North America.It was an eel-shaped fish with almost no scales. About eight inches long, it swam with some help from its fins, but also relied on whole-body locomotion to move...
- HarriottaHarriottaHarriotta is a genus of fish in the Rhinochimaeridae family.It contains the following species:* Harriotta haeckeli Karrer, 1972 * Harriotta raleighana Goode & Bean, 1895...
- †Helicampodus
- †HelicoprionHelicoprionHelicoprion was a long-lived genus of shark-like cartilaginous fish that first arose in the oceans of the late Carboniferous , survived the Permian-Triassic Extinction Event, and eventually went extinct during the early Triassic some ....
- HemipristisHemipristisHemipristis is a genus of weasel shark, family Hemigaleidae. It contains one extant species, the snaggletooth shark , as well as several extinct species.Hemipristis has two distinct type of teeth in each section of its jaw...
- Hemiscyllium
- Heptranchias
- †Hercynolepis
- Heterodontus
- †Heteropetalus
- †Heterotorpedo
- HexanchusHexanchusThe sixgill sharks, Hexanchus, are a genus of deepwater sharks in the family Hexanchidae. These sharks are characterized by broad pointed heads, six pairs of gill slits, comb-like, yellow lower teeth, and a long tail. It can grow up to 5 m long and weigh over 600 kg...
- †Hispidaspis
- †Holmesella
- †Hueneichthys
- †Hybocladodus
- †HybodusHybodusHybodus is an extinct genus of once-common, widespread and long lived sharks, first appearing towards the end of the Permian period, and disappearing at the beginning of the Cretaceous. During the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods the hybodonts were especially successful and could be...
- †Hydroplanus
- †Hylaeobatis
- †Hypolophites
- †Hypolophodon
- †Hypotodus
- †Hypsobatis
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I
- †Iberolepis
- †Icthypriapus
- †IgdabatisIgdabatisIgdabatis is a prehistoric genus of ray whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage.-See also:* Flora and fauna of the Maastrichtian stage* List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish...
- †Ikamuius
- †Iniopera
- †IniopteryxIniopteryxIniopteryx is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish. It is from the Pennsylvanian epoch of the Carboniferous period, approximately 300 million years ago. Their fossils have been found in North America, primarily in two states: Ohio and Montana...
- †Inioxyle
- †IschyodusIschyodusIschyodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish belonging to the subclass Holocephali, which includes the modern-day chimaeras. Fossils are known from Europe , North America, and New Zealand....
- †IschyrhizaIschyrhizaIschyrhiza is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Cretaceous and Paleogene belonging to the primitive Batoidea family Sclerorhynchidae.-Sources:* Fossils by David Ward * accessed on 8/21/09...
- IsistiusIsistiusIsistius is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Dalatiidae. They are commonly known as cookiecutter sharks. Members of the genus are known for their unusual behaviour and dentition.-Species:...
- Isogomphodon
- †Isurolamna
- IsurusIsurusIsurus is a genus of mackerel sharks in the family Lamnidae, commonly known as the mako sharks. There are two living species, the common shortfin mako shark and the rare longfin mako shark , and several extinct species known from fossils. They range in length from 9 to 15 feet, and have an...
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J
- †Jacqhermania
- †Jaekelotodus
- †JanassaJanassaJanassa is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish that lived in marine environments in what is now central United States of America and Europe during the Carboniferous and Permian. It is known from teeth, and a lot good preserved whole fossils from Germany and England...
- †Jimpohlia
- †Jurobatos
L
- †Lagarodus
- †Lambdodus
- LamnaLamnaLamna is a genus of mackerel sharks in the family Lamnidae, containing two extant species: the porbeagle of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere, and the salmon shark Lamna is a genus of mackerel sharks in the family Lamnidae, containing two extant species: the porbeagle (L. nasus) of the...
- †Leiodus
- †Leonotus
- †Leptostyrax
- †Lestrodus
- †LibanopristisLibanopristisLibanopristis is an extinct genus of sawfish from Lebanon....
- †Lisgodus
- †LissodusLissodusLissodus is an extinct genus of freshwater shark. It lived from the Early Triassic to the Albian period of the Cretaceous. It was about long and had flat teeth that it used for eating clams....
- †Lunalepis
M
- †MacrourogaleusMacrourogaleusMacrourogaleus is a shark-like fish from the late Jurassic. This type of shark is said to be the first shark on earth. Little is known about Macrourogaleus....
- †Mafoletia
- MantaManta rayThe manta ray is the largest species of the rays. The largest known specimen was more than across, with a weight of about . It ranges throughout waters of the world, typically around coral reefs...
- †Marckgrafia
- †Marracanthus
- †Mazodus
- †Mcmurdodus
- †Megactenopetalus
- †Megascyliorhinus
- †Megasqualus
- †MenaspisMenaspisMenaspis is an extinct genus of holocephalian cartilaginous fish from the Permian.-References:*Aquagenesis: The Origin and Evolution of Life in the Sea by Richard Ellis*Rocks and Fossils: A Visual Guide by Robert R. Coenraads...
- †Merabatis
- †Mesiteia
- †Mesodmodus
- †Mesolophodus
- †Metopacanthus
- †Microcorax
- †Microetmopterus
- †Micropristis
- †Misrichthys
- Mitsukurina
- MobulaMobulaMobula is a genus of ray in the family Myliobatidae . Their appearance is similar to that of Manta rays, which are in the same family. The Devil fish can attain a disc width of up to 5.2 meters and can probably weigh over a ton, second only to the Manta in size...
- †Monocladodus
- †Moyacanthus
- Mustelus
- †Myledaphus
- MyliobatisMyliobatisMyliobatis is a genus of eagle rays in the family Myliobatidae.-Species:* Genus Myliobatis** Myliobatis aquila ** Myliobatis australis Macleay, 1881...
- †Myriacanthus
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N
- NarcineNarcineNarcine is a genus of small electric rays in the family Narcinidae.-Description:Narcine species have a rounded pectoral fin disc and two dorsal fins, the first usually smaller than the second and placed behind the pelvic fin bases. The tail is longer than the disc and has a lateral fold...
- NebriusNebriusNebrius is a genus of carpet sharks in the family Ginglymostomatidae. It contains a single extant species, the tawny nurse shark , as well as a number of extinct species dating back to the Early Paleocene....
- NegaprionNegaprionNegaprion is a genus of requiem sharks, family Carcharhinidae, containing the two extant species of lemon sharks: the lemon shark of the Americas, and the sicklefin lemon shark of the Indo-Pacific...
- †Nemacanthus
- †NetsepoyeNetsepoyeNetsepoye hawesi is an extinct prehistoric cartilaginous fish, which lived around 420 million years ago, during the Late Mississippian. It has been discovered at the well known Bear Gulch Formation in Montana, United States, dated at Carboniferous period. This Paleozoic fish is mostly known by...
- †Notidanodon
- NotorhynchusNotorhynchusNotorynchus is a genus of Seven-gill shark that evolved in the Late Cretaceous through the Present Day. The Sevengill shark is a large shark which according to Compagno inhabits shallow , temperate coastal continental waters...
O
- OdontaspisOdontaspisOdontaspis is one of two genera in the sand shark family, Odontaspididae. They are large-bodied sharks with long, conical snouts, broad-based dorsal and anal fins, and an asymmetrical caudal fin with a strong lower lobe. Their teeth are large, with prominent narrow cusps...
- †Odontorhytis
- †Onchopristus
- †Onchosaurus
- †Onychoselache
- †Orectoloboides
- †Orestiacanthus
- †Ornithoprion
- †OrodusOrodusOrodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish that lived from the late Pennsylvanian to the early Permian in what is now North America.-Sources:...
- †Otodus
- OxynotusOxynotusOxynotus is a genus of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as the rough sharks. It is the only extant genus in the family Oxynotidae. They live in deep waters in the Atlantic and western Pacific oceans....
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P
- †Pachygaleus
- †Pachyhexanchus
- †Pachymylus
- †Palaeobates
- †Palaeocarcharias
- †Palaeocarcharodon
- †Palaeodasyatis
- †Palaeogaleus
- †Palaeohypotodus
- †Palaeorhincodon
- †Palaeoscyllium
- †Palaeospinax
- †Paleobrachselurus
- †Paracorax
- †Paracymatodus
- †Paraechinorhinus
- Paragaleus
- †Paraginglymostoma
- †Parahelicampodus
- †ParahelicoprionParahelicoprionParahelicoprion is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid, shark-like cartilaginous fish....
- †Paraheptranchias
- †Paranomotodon
- †ParaorthacodusParaorthacodusParaorthacodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish....
- †Parapalaeobates
- †Pararaja
- †Pararhincodon
- †Parasquatina
- †Paratriakis
- †Parisurus
- †Parotodus
- †Peripristis
- †PetalodusPetalodusPetalodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Permian.They were also in the Pennsylvanian....
- †Petrodus
- †Peyeria
- †Phoebodus
- †PhorcynisPhorcynisPhorcynis is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish. the scales of Phorcynis have elongated crowns with a narrow median keel and short lateral folds and the teeth are asymmetrical, similar to those of Orectolobus....
- †PhysogaleusPhysogaleusPhysogaleus is a small prehistoric shark that lived in the Eocene.-In popular culture:It was featured in the book adaptation of the 2003 BBC series Sea Monsters, a spin-off to Walking with Dinosaurs . In the book, it tried to steal the kill of a Basilosaurus, with no results...
- PlatyrhinaPlatyrhinaPlatyrhina is a genus of rays in the family Platyrhinidae, containing three species. They are native to the warm-temperate to tropical marine waters in the western Pacific Ocean. They are little-known bottom-dwellers that feed on small invertebrates such as crustaceans, molluscs, and worms...
- †Platyxystrodus
- +Pleurocanthus
- †Plinthicus
- Pliotrema
- †Polyacrodus
- †Polyrhizodus
- †Polysentor
- †Pororhiza
- †Premintreia
- †Priohybodus
- Prionace
- Pristiophorus
- Pristis
- †Pristodus
- †Proetmopterus
- †Promexyele
- †Propristis
- †Prospiraxis
- †Protacodus
- †Protoginglymostoma
- †Protolamna
- †Protoplatyrhina
- †Protoscyliorhinus
- †ProtospinaxProtospinaxProtospinax is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish found in the Solnhofen limestones of southern Bavaria. It is a difficult taxon to accommodate in taxonomies. Formerly known from only two specimens, further museum specimens were discovered at the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard...
- †Protosqualus
- †Protoxynotus
- †Psammodus
- †Pseudocorax
- †PseudodalatiasPseudodalatiasPseudodalatias is an extinct genus of fish which existed in England, Italy and Spain during the Triassic period. It is placed in the monotypic family Pseudodalatiidae, and contains the two species Pseudodalatias barnstonensis and Pseudodalatias henarejensis.-References:A.TINTORI Teeth of the...
- †Pseudodontichthys
- †Pseudoechinorhinus
- †Pseudohypolophus
- †Pseudoisurus
- Pterolamiops
- †Pteroscyllium
- †PtychodusPtychodusPtychodus is a genus of extinct hybodontiform shark which lived from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene. Ptychodus was about 32 feet long and was unearthed in Kansas, United States.-References:...
- †Ptychotrygon
- †Ptyktoptychion
- †PucabatisPucabatisPucabatis is a prehistoric genus of ray whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage.-See also:* Flora and fauna of the Maastrichtian stage* List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish...
- †PucapristisPucapristisPucapristis is a prehistoric genus of saw fish whose fossils first appear in the fossil record in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage. Fossils of Pucapristis have not been found in any subsequent strata. Incidentally, the Maastrichtian is the final portion of the Cretaceous Period and its...
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R
- †Raineria
- RajaRaja (genus)Raja is a genus of skates in the family Rajidae, containing nearly thirty species. They are flat-bodied cartilaginous fish with a rhombic shape due to their large pectoral fins extending from or nearly from the snout to the base of their tail. Their sharp snouts produced by a cranial projection of...
- †Rajorhina
- †Reifia
- Rhincodon
- RhinobatosRhinobatosRhinobatos is a genus of fish in the Rhinobatidae family.It contains the following species:* Rhinobatos albomaculatus Norman, 1930 * Rhinobatos annandalei Norman, 1926...
- RhinopteraRhinopteraRhinoptera is a genus of fish in the Rhinopteridae family.It contains the following species:* Rhinoptera adspersa J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 * Rhinoptera bonasus...
- RhizoprionodonRhizoprionodonRhizoprionodon is a genus of requiem sharks, family Carcharhinidae, commonly known as sharpnose sharks because of their long, pointed snouts.-Species:* Rhizoprionodon acutus...
- †RhombodusRhombodusRhombodus is a prehistoric genus of ray whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage. It is found in Africa, Europe, Asia and the Americas. Most prominent are the teeth which are all that usually fossilises-See also:...
- †Rhombopterygia
- RhynchobatusRhynchobatusRhynchobatus is a group of rays commonly known as wedgefishes, and the sole genus in the family Rhynchobatidae. They are found in the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific with a single species in the eastern Atlantic...
- †Romerodus
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S
- †SarcoprionSarcoprionSarcoprion is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Permian of Greenland....
- †ScapanorhynchusScapanorhynchusScapanorhynchus is an extinct genus of shark from the Cretaceous era. Their extreme similarities to the living goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni, lead some experts to consider reclassifying it as Scapanorhynchus owstoni...
- †SchizorhizaSchizorhizaSchizorhiza is a fossil genus of cartilaginous fish, containing a single accepted species Schizorhiza stromeri. Its fossils are found in rocks dating from the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages; it thus lived between about 71 and 65.5 million years ago...
- †SclerorhynchusSclerorhynchusSclerorhynchus is an extinct genus of primitive batoidean that lived in the Cretaceous. The namesake of the Mesozoic suborder Sclerorhynchoidea, it is not quite clear whether they were closer to the Rajiformes or to the Pristiformes . Its fossils have been found mainly around the Mediterranean...
- ScyliorhinusScyliorhinusScylorhinus is a genus of catsharks in the family Scyliorhinidae.-Species:* Scyliorhinus besnardi S. Springer & Sadowsky, 1970 * Scyliorhinus boa Goode & Bean, 1896...
- ScymnodonScymnodonScymnodon is a genus of squaliform sharks in the family Somniosidae.-Species:** Scymnodon obscurus ** Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864...
- ScymnorhinusScymnorhinusScymnorhinus is an extinct genus of non-mammalian synapsid.-References:*...
- †Serratodus
- †Siamodus
- †Sibyrhynchus
- †Siksika ottaeSiksika ottaeSiksika ottae is an extinct prehistoric cartilaginous fish, lived during the Upper Mississippian. It has been discovered at the well known Bear Gulch Formation , dated at Carboniferous period...
- †Similihariotta
- †Solenodus
- SomniosusSomniosusSomniosus is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Somniosidae.-Species:* Somniosus microcephalus * Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder, 1944...
- †Spathobatis
- †SphenacanthusSphenacanthusSphenacanthus is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Early Carboniferous of Scotland.It may also look like a big fish, but it is really a shark. It lived about 359 million years ago. It was one of the first sharks to ever live. But it was not the first shark. Sphenacanthus also hunted fish...
- †Sphenodus
- SphyrnaSphyrnaSphyrna is a genus of hammerhead sharks in the family Sphyrnidae. It currently consists of the following species:*Sphyrna corona S. Springer, 1940 *Sphyrna couardi Cadenat, 1951...
- †SqualicoraxSqualicoraxSqualicorax is a genus of extinct lamniform shark known to have lived during the Cretaceous period. A fully articulated 1.9 m long fossil skeleton of Squalicorax has been found in Kansas, evidence of its presence in the Western Interior Seaway...
- SqualiolusSqualiolusSqualiolus is a genus of deep-sea dogfish sharks in the family Dalatiidae.-Species:* Squaliolus aliae Teng, 1959 * Squaliolus laticaudus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912...
- †Squalogaleus
- †SqualorajaSqualorajaSqualoraja is a genus of fish in the extinct Squalorajidae family....
- Squalus
- †Squatigaleus
- Squatina
- †Squatinactis
- †Squatirhina
- †Squatiscyllium
- †Steinbachodus
- †StethacanthusStethacanthusStethacanthus is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Early Carboniferous epoch, around 360 million years ago. Fossils have been found in Europe and North America....
- †StriatolamiaStriatolamiaStriatolamia is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Paleocene and Eocene.-Spieces:Exist two spieces of Striatolamia : S.striata and S.macrota.Anterior teeth of macrotahave smaller roots than striata, and they are often recurved....
- †Styracodus
- †SymmoriumSymmoriumSymmorium is an extinct genus of stethacanthid shark....
- †Synechodus
- Synodontaspis
- †Syntomodus
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T
- †Tamiobatis
- †Tanaodus
- †ThrinaxThrinaxThrinax is a genus in the palm family, native to the wider Caribbean. It is closely related to the genera Coccothrinax, Hemithrinax and Zombia. Flowers are small and bisexual, and are borne on small stalks....
- TorpedoTorpedo (genus)Torpedo is a genus of rays, commonly known as electric rays, torpedo rays, or torpedoes. It is the sole genus of the family Torpedinidae. They are slow-moving bottom-dwellers capable of generating electricity as a defense and feeding mechanism...
- †Toxoprion
- TriakisTriakisTriakis is a genus of houndshark in the family Triakidae.The name comes from the Latin word tri meaning "three", and acis meaning "sharp" or "pointed", in reference to the three-pointed teeth of these sharks.-Species:* Subgenus Cazon...
- †Trichorhipis
- †TriodusTriodusTriodus is an extinct genus of xenacanthidan shark that lived in the Permian. It was a freshwater shark, and fossils have been found in Germany.-Sources:*The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution by John A. Long...
- †TristychiusTristychiusTristychius is an extinct genus of shark from the Carboniferous period. Fossils have been found in Scotland.Tristychius was a small shark, about long. It had a well-developed upturned caudal fin, similar to that of many modern sharks. Physically it may have resembled a modern dogfish...
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W
- †Welcommia
- †Weltonia
- †WodnikaWodnikaWodnika is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Late Permian period in the present area of Germany and Russia....
X
- †XenacanthusXenacanthusXenacanthus is a genus of prehistoric sharks. The first species of the genus lived in the later Devonian period, and they survived until the end of the Triassic, 202 million years ago. Fossils of various species have been found worldwide....
- †Xiphodolamia
- †Xystrodus
See also
- Cartilaginous fish
- List of sharks
- List of prehistoric jawless fish
- List of prehistoric bony fish
- List of acanthodians