List of monarchs who lost their thrones in the 13th century
Encyclopedia

Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...

  • Rudolph I of Germany
    Rudolph I of Germany
    Rudolph I was King of the Romans from 1273 until his death. He played a vital role in raising the Habsburg dynasty to a leading position among the Imperial feudal dynasties...

    , Holy Roman King, Duke of Austria 1278–1282, then gave the duchy to Albert I and Rudolf II, died 1291.

Bosnia

  • Stjepan Kulinić
    Stjepan Kulinic
    Stephen Kulinić , son of Bosnia's Ban Kulin, was a Bosnian Ban in 1204–1232. He was a faithful Catholic and thus a supporter of the Hungarian Crown, but not very popular in Bosnia - as he turned away from his father's policies and prosecuted the Bogumils...

    , Bosnian Ban in 1204–1232, deposed, died 1236.

Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...

  • Boril
    Boril of Bulgaria
    Boril reigned as emperor of Bulgaria from 1207 to 1218. He was the son of an unnamed sister of his predecessor Kaloyan.-Biography:It is unclear whether Boril was party to the murder of Kaloyan in front of the walls of Thessalonica in 1207, but Kaloyan's intended heirs, his nephews Ivan Asen and...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1207 to 1218, deposed and blinded 1218.
  • Kaliman II
    Kaliman II of Bulgaria
    Kaliman Asen II , or commonly, but less accurately Koloman Asen II, ruled as emperor of Bulgaria for a short time in 1256. The year of his birth is unknown....

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1256, forced to flee the capital, murdered 1256.
  • Mitso Asen
    Mitso Asen of Bulgaria
    -Reign:Mitso Asen ascended the throne by virtue of his marriage to Maria, a daughter of Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria by Irene Komnene of Epirus. The dates of his birth and death are unknown...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1256 to 1257, lost power 1257, died 1277/1278.
  • Michael Asen II
    Michael Asen II of Bulgaria
    Michael Asen II , ruled as emperor of Bulgaria from 1277 to 1279. Michael Asen II was the only known son of...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1277 to 1279, lost power and captured by the Byzantines.
  • Ivan Asen III
    Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria
    Ivan Asen III , ruled as emperor of Bulgaria 1279–1280. Ivan Asen III was the son of Mitso Asen of Bulgaria and Maria of Bulgaria, a daughter of Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria and Irene of Thessalonica...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1279–1280, deposed, died in exile in 1303.
  • Ivaylo
    Ivaylo of Bulgaria
    Ivaylo, also spelled Ivailo, , nicknamed Bardokva or Lakhanas in Greek, was a rebel leader and emperor of Bulgaria. In 1277, he spearheaded a peasant uprising, and forced the nobles to accept him as emperor...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1277 to 1280, lost power, murdered 1281.
  • George I Terter
    George I of Bulgaria
    George Terter I ruled as emperor of Bulgaria 1280-1292. The date of his birth is unknown, and he died in 1308/1309.The reign of George Terter I represents a continuation of Bulgaria's precipitous decline during the second half of the 13th century...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1280–1292, abdicated 1292, died in 1308/1309.
  • Ivan II
    Ivan II of Bulgaria
    Ivan II , reigned as emperor of Bulgaria from 1298 to 1299. The date of his birth is unknown, but probably not much earlier than c. 1290. He died as a monk in exile before 1330.Ivan II succeeded his father Smilets as emperor in Tărnovo in 1298...

    , Emperor of Bulgaria 1298 to 1299, deposed, died in exile before 1330.

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...

  • Isaac II Angelus, deposed 1195, restored 1203, deposed again 1204.
  • Alexius III Angelus, deposed 1203.
  • Alexius IV Angelus, deposed 1204.
  • Alexius V, deposed 1204.
  • John IV Lascaris, deposed 1261.

Chagatai Khanate
Chagatai Khanate
The Chagatai Khanate was a Turko-Mongol khanate that comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan , second son of the Great Khan Genghis Khan, and his descendents and successors...

 

  • Qara Hülëgü
    Qara Hülëgü
    Qara Hülëgü was head of the ulus of the Chagatai Khanate . He was the son of Mö'etüken, and a grandson of Chagatai Khan....

    , head of the ulus of the Chagatai Khanate 1242–1246 and 1252, deposed 1246, restored 1252, died 1252.
  • Yesü Möngke
    Yesü Möngke
    Yesü Möngke was head of the ulus of the Chagatai Khanate . He was the son of Chagatai Khan.In or around 1246, he was appointed as khan of the Chagatai Khanate by his cousin the Great Khan Güyük Khan, whom he was friends with, following the deposition of Qara Hülëgü...

    , 1252, exiled and executed.
  • Mubarak Shah
    Mubarak Shah
    Mubarak Shah was head of the Chagatai Khanate . He was the son of Qara Hülëgü and Ergene Khatun, of the Mongol empire....

    , 1252–1260 and 1266.

Damascus
Damascus
Damascus , commonly known in Syria as Al Sham , and as the City of Jasmine , is the capital and the second largest city of Syria after Aleppo, both are part of the country's 14 governorates. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major...

  • As-Salih Ismail
    As-Salih Ismail
    Imad ad-Din "al-Malik as-Salih" Ismail bin Saif ad-Din Ahmad better known as as-Salih Ismail was the Ayyubid sultan based in Damascus in 1237 then in 1239-45.- Sultan of Damascus :...

    , Sultan of Damascus 1237 and 1239–1245.
  • As-Salih Ayyub
    As-Salih Ayyub
    Al-Malik as-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub , also known as al-Malik al-Salih was the Ayyubid ruler of Egypt from 1240 to 1249.-Biography:...

    , Sultan of Damascus 1239 and 1245–1249.

Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

  • an-Nasir Nasir-ad-Din Muhammad, Mameluke sultan of Egypt 1293–1295, 1299–1309 and 1309–1340.

Epirus
Despotate of Epirus
The Despotate or Principality of Epirus was one of the Byzantine Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire that emerged in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. It claimed to be the legitimate successor of the Byzantine Empire, along with the Empire of Nicaea, and the Empire of Trebizond...

  • Theodore Komnenos Doukas
    Theodore Komnenos Doukas
    Theodore Komnenos Doukas was ruler of Epirus from 1215 to 1230 and of Thessalonica from 1224 to 1230.-Life:...

    , Despot of Epirus 1215–1230, died c. 1253.

Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...

  • Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
    Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
    Otto IV of Brunswick was one of two rival kings of the Holy Roman Empire from 1198 on, sole king from 1208 on, and emperor from 1209 on. The only king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1215.-Early life:Otto was the third son of Henry the...

    , deposed 1215.
  • Adolf, King of the Romans
    Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg
    Adolf was the King of Germany from 1292 until 1298. Though his title in his lifetime was Rex Romanorum , he is usually known as Adolf of Nassau...

    , deposed 1298.

Istria
Istria
Istria , formerly Histria , is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Bay of Kvarner...

  • Henry II of Meran, Ruler of Istria 1204–1209, died 1228.
  • Otto of Meran, 1215–1230, died 1234.

Emperors

  • Emperor Tsuchimikado
    Emperor Tsuchimikado
    was the 83rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Tsuchimikado's reign spanned the years from 1198 through 1210.-Genealogy:Before Tsuchimikado's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name was ....

    , Emperor of Japan 1198–1210, abdicated 1210, died 1231.
  • Emperor Juntoku
    Emperor Juntoku
    was the 84th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221.-Genealogy:...

    , Emperor of Japan 1210–1221, abdicated 1221, died 1242.
  • Emperor Chūkyō
    Emperor Chukyo
    was the 85th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned only months in 1221, and he was not officially listed amongst the emperors until 1870 because of doubts caused by the length of his reign...

    , Emperor of Japan 1221, deposed 1221, died 1234.
  • Emperor Go-Horikawa
    Emperor Go-Horikawa
    was the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years from 1221 through 1232....

    , Emperor of Japan 1221–1232, abdicated 1232, died 1234.
  • Emperor Go-Saga
    Emperor Go-Saga
    Emperor Go-Saga was the 88th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...

    , Emperor of Japan 1242–1246, abdicated 1246, died 1272.
  • Emperor Go-Fukakusa
    Emperor Go-Fukakusa
    was the 89th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years 1246 through 1260....

    , Emperor of Japan 1246–1260, abdicated 1260, died 1304.
  • Emperor Kameyama
    Emperor Kameyama
    was the 90th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1259 through 1274.-Genealogy:...

    , Emperor of Japan 1260–1274, abdicated 1274, died 1305.
  • Emperor Go-Uda
    Emperor Go-Uda
    Emperor Go-Uda was the 91st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...

    , Emperor of Japan 1274–1287, abdicated 1287, died 1324.
  • Emperor Fushimi
    Emperor Fushimi
    Emperor Fushimi was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...

    , Emperor of Japan 1287–1298, abdicated 1298, died 1317.

Shoguns

  • Minamoto no Yoriie
    Minamoto no Yoriie
    was the second shogun of Japan's Kamakura shogunate, and the first son of first shogun Yoritomo.- Life :Born from Tokimasa's daughter Hōjō Masako at Hiki Yoshikazu's residence in Kamakura, Yoriie had as wet nurses the wives of powerful men like Hiki himself and Kajiwara Kagetoki, and Hiki's...

    , Kamakura Shogun 1202–1203, forced to abdicate 1203, died 1204.
  • Kujō Yoritsune
    Kujo Yoritsune
    , also known as Fujiwara no Yoritsune, was the fourth shogun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan. His father was kanpaku Kujō Michiie and his grandmother was a niece of Minamoto no Yoritomo...

    , Kamakura Shogun Kamakura Shogun 1226–1244, abdicated 1244, died 1256.

Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...

 

  • Treniota
    Treniota
    Treniota was the Grand Duke of Lithuania .Treniota was the nephew of Mindaugas, the first and only king of Lithuania. While Mindaugas had converted to Christianity in order to discourage Livonian Order and Teutonic Knights attacks on Lithuania, becoming king in the process, Treniota remained a...

    , Grand Prince of Lithuania (1263–1264, deposed 1264.
  • Shvarn, Grand Prince of Lithuania (1267–1269), deposed, died 1269 or 1271.

Lorraine
Lorraine (province)
The Duchy of Upper Lorraine was an historical duchy roughly corresponding with the present-day northeastern Lorraine region of France, including parts of modern Luxembourg and Germany. The main cities were Metz, Verdun, and the historic capital Nancy....

 

  • Simon II, Duke of Lorraine
    Simon II, Duke of Lorraine
    Simon II was the Duke of Lorraine from 1176 to 1205. He was the son and successor of Matthias I and Judith, daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia....

    , Duke of Lorraine 1176–1205, in 1205 he retired to a monastery, died 1207.

Neuenburg-Strassberg

  • Berthold I of Neuenburg-Strassberg, ruler of Neuenburg-Strassberg 1225–1270, died 1273.

Nuremberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...

  • Frederick II of Nuremberg, Burgrave of Nuremberg 1204–1218, title passed over to Conrad I, Burgrave of Nuremberg
    Conrad I, Burgrave of Nuremberg
    Conrad I of Nuremberg was a Burgrave of Nuremberg of the House of Hohenzollern. He was the younger son of Frederick I of Nuremberg and Sofie of Raabs...

    .

Poznan
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...

  • Mieszko III the Old
    Mieszko III the Old
    Mieszko III the Old , of the royal Piast dynasty, was Duke of Greater Poland from 1138 and High Duke of Poland, with interruptions, from 1173 until his death....

    , Prince of Poznan 1177–1179 and 1194–1202, died 1202.
  • Boleslaw V the Holy, Prince of Poznan 1241–1247 and 1257–1277, died 1279.

Rascia
Rascia
Rascia was a medieval region that served as the principal province of the Serbian realm. It was an administrative division under the direct rule of the monarch and sometimes as an appanage. The term has been used to refer to various Serbian states throughout the Middle Ages...

  • Vukan Nemanjić, Grand Prince of Rascia 1202–1204, lost the throne to Stefan Nemanjić.
  • Stefan Nemanjić, Grand Prince of Rascia 1196–1202 and 1204–1217, deposed by Vukan Nemanjić, restored in 1204, lost the throne was the title was abolished.

Sicily
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily was a state that existed in the south of Italy from its founding by Roger II in 1130 until 1816. It was a successor state of the County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Norman conquest of southern Italy...

  • Conradin
    Conradin
    Conrad , called the Younger or the Boy, but usually known by the diminutive Conradin , was the Duke of Swabia , King of Jerusalem , and King of Sicily .-Early childhood:Conradin was born in Wolfstein, Bavaria, to Conrad...

    , King of Sicily, deposed 1258 or 1268.
  • Charles I
    Charles I of Sicily
    Charles I , known also as Charles of Anjou, was the King of Sicily by conquest from 1266, though he had received it as a papal grant in 1262 and was expelled from the island in the aftermath of the Sicilian Vespers of 1282...

    , King of Sicily, deposed in Sicily itself (though not in Naples), 1282.
  • James
    James II of Aragon
    James II , called the Just was the King of Sicily from 1285 to 1296 and King of Aragon and Valencia and Count of Barcelona from 1291 to 1327. In 1297 he was granted the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica...

    , King of Sicily, abdicated 1296.

Thessalonica

  • Theodore Komnenos Doukas
    Theodore Komnenos Doukas
    Theodore Komnenos Doukas was ruler of Epirus from 1215 to 1230 and of Thessalonica from 1224 to 1230.-Life:...

    , Emperor of Thessalonica 1224 to 1230, died c. 1253.

Wales
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...

  • Llywelyn the Last
    Llywelyn the Last
    Llywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....

    , Prince of Wales, murdered at Buelth castle, Dec 11th 1282.
  • Dafydd ap Gruffydd
    Dafydd ap Gruffydd
    Dafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...

    , Prince of Wales, Put to death - Shrewsbury October 3rd 1283.

See also

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