List of assets owned by Disney
Encyclopedia
Here is a list of assets owned by The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company is the largest media conglomerate in the world in terms of revenue. Founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt and Roy Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, Walt Disney Productions established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into...

. The following are wholly owned and operated by Disney, unless otherwise indicated.

The Walt Disney Studios
Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)
The Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, United States, serve as the international headquarters for media conglomerate The Walt Disney Company. The Walt Disney Studio's house offices for each of the company's divisions along with creative spaces designed for movie production. The Walt Disney...

  • Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group
    • Walt Disney Pictures
      Walt Disney Pictures
      Walt Disney Pictures is an American film studio owned by The Walt Disney Company. Walt Disney Pictures and Television, a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Studios and the main production company for live-action feature films within the Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group, based at the Walt Disney...

    • Touchstone Pictures
      Touchstone Pictures
      Touchstone Pictures is an American film production label and is one of several film labels of the Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group. Established in 1984, its releases typically feature more mature themes and darker tones than those that are released under the Walt Disney Pictures banner.Touchstone...

    • Hollywood Pictures
      Hollywood Pictures
      Hollywood Pictures is one of The Walt Disney Company's several alternate movie divisions. Like Disney's Touchstone Pictures brand, it produces films for a more mature adult audience than Walt Disney Pictures.-History:...

    • Disneynature
      Disneynature
      Disneynature is an independent film label of The Walt Disney Company, founded on April 21, 2008 as a division of the Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group...

    • Animation
      • Walt Disney Animation Studios (formerly Walt Disney Feature Animation)
      • Pixar
        Pixar
        Pixar Animation Studios, pronounced , is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville, California. The studio has earned 26 Academy Awards, seven Golden Globes, and three Grammy Awards, among many other awards and acknowledgments. Its films have made over $6.3 billion worldwide...

      • DisneyToon Studios
        DisneyToon Studios
        DisneyToon Studios is an American animation studio owned by The Walt Disney Company, responsible for producing direct-to-video and occasional theatrical films for Walt Disney Studios....

      • Skellington Productions
        Skellington Productions
        Skellington Productions was a company that was a joint venture between Walt Disney Animation Studios and director Tim Burton. The company specialized in stop motion animation and made use of the art in its two films....

  • Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (formerly Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Inc.)
  • Buena Vista International
    • Miravista Films
    • Patagonik Film Group
      Patagonik Film Group
      Patagonik Film Group is an Argentine production company, dedicated to the making of feature films and film production services.Established in 1996 by Pablo Bossi, it is currently the leading company in Latin America...

       (joint venture between Disney and Artear Argentina)
  • Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment (distributes under the following labels: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, Touchstone Home Entertainment, Hollywood Pictures Home Entertainment, ABC Video, Buena Vista Home Entertainment)
  • El Capitan Theatre
    El Capitan Theatre
    El Capitan Theatre is a fully restored movie palace at 6838 Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood. It is owned by Pacific Theatres and operated by the Walt Disney Company. It serves as the venue for many of Walt Disney Pictures' movie premieres...

  • Disney Music Group
    • Walt Disney Records
      Walt Disney Records
      Walt Disney Records is a family music record label owned by the Walt Disney Company. Walt Disney Records was formed in 1956 as Disneyland Records. Before that time, Disney recordings were licensed out to a variety of other labels such as . It was Walt Disney’s brother Roy O...

    • Hollywood Records
      Hollywood Records
      Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by Disney Music Group, a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company.-History:Hollywood Records was founded in 1989 by then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner with the idea of expanding the music operations of the company and to develop and promote...

    • Mammoth Records
      Mammoth Records
      Founded by Jay Faires in 1989 in Carrboro, North Carolina, Mammoth Records was one of the premiere independent record labels of the 1990s. Its roster featured such diverse talent as Antenna, Blake Babies, Chainsaw Kittens, Dash Rip Rock, Dillon Fence, Far Too Jones, Frente!, Fun-Da-Mental, Fu...

    • Buena Vista Records
    • Disney Music Publishing (see Buena Vista Music Group
      Buena Vista Music Group
      The Disney Music Group is a collection of affiliated record labels all subsidiaries of The Walt Disney Company...

       page for a list of publishers that are part of Disney Music Publishing)
  • Disney Theatrical Productions
    • Hyperion Theatrical
    • Disney Live Family Entertainment
      • Disney on Ice
        Disney on Ice
        Disney On Ice is a touring ice show produced by Feld Entertainment under agreement with The Walt Disney Company. Aimed primarily at children, the shows feature figure skaters dressed as Disney cartoon characters in performances that each derive their music and plot from elements collected from...

         - produced by Feld Entertainment
      • Disney Live  - produced by Feld Entertainment
  • Disney Character Voices International
    Disney Character Voices International
    Disney Character Voices International Inc. is a corporate division of The Walt Disney Company with primary responsibility for the provision of translation and dubbing services for all Disney productions...


Disney-ABC Television Group
Disney-ABC Television Group
Disney-ABC Television Group manages all of The Walt Disney Company's worldwide entertainment and news television properties...

  • U.S. Television Networks:
    • ABC, Inc
      American Broadcasting Company
      The American Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. Its first broadcast on television was in 1948...

      • ABC Television Network
        American Broadcasting Company
        The American Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. Its first broadcast on television was in 1948...

        • ABC Daytime
          ABC Daytime
          ABC Daytime is a programming block on the ABC Network which has historically encompassed soap operas, game shows and talk shows.-Schedule:...

        • ABC Entertainment
          ABC Entertainment
          ABC Entertainment is a network production company owned by ABC that was created in 1982.The company was previously known as ABC Television Network Productions, ABC Circle Films, and ABC Productions...

          • Greengrass Productions
          • Victor Television Productions
        • ABC Kids
          ABC Kids (United States)
          ABC Kids was a children's block of animated television series and live-action children's television series. broadcast on the ABC network on Saturday–Sunday mornings in the U.S. and was broadcast on BBS/CTV in Canada until 2002...

        • ABC News
          ABC News
          ABC News is the news gathering and broadcasting division of American broadcast television network ABC, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company...

        • ABC Owned & Operated Stations
          • WLS-7
            WLS-TV
            WLS-TV, virtual channel 7, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, located in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The station operates their full power digital operations on UHF channel 44, with their digital fill-in translator on VHF channel...

             Chicago, Illinois
          • KFSN-30
            KFSN-TV
            KFSN-TV, UHF channel 30, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, located in Fresno, California. The station's transmitter is located in Meadow Lakes, California. Its signal covers the Central San Joaquin Valley and the mountain...

             Fresno, California
          • KTRK-13
            KTRK-TV
            KTRK-TV, channel 13, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, located in Houston, Texas...

             Houston, Texas
          • KABC-7
            KABC-TV
            KABC-TV, channel 7, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, licensed to Los Angeles, California. KABC-TV's studios are located in Glendale, California...

             Los Angeles, California
          • WABC-7
            WABC-TV
            WABC-TV, channel 7, is the flagship station of the Disney-owned American Broadcasting Company located in New York City. The station's studios and offices are located on the Upper West Side section of Manhattan, adjacent to ABC's corporate headquarters, and its transmitter is atop the Empire State...

             New York City
          • WPVI-6
            WPVI-TV
            WPVI-TV, channel 6, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. WPVI has its studios located on the border between Philadelphia and Bala Cynwyd, and its transmitter is located in the...

             Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
          • WTVD-11 Raleigh-Durham
          • KGO-7
            KGO-TV
            KGO-TV, channel 7, is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company-owned American Broadcasting Company, based in San Francisco, California...

             San Francisco, California
        • Hulu
          Hulu
          Hulu is a website and over-the-top subscription service offering ad-supported on-demand streaming video of TV shows, movies, webisodes and other new media, trailers, clips, and behind-the-scenes footage from NBC, Fox, ABC, and Obstacle on October 20th 2011 Nickelodeon and CBS and many other...

           (ABC 27%, NBC Universal
          NBC Universal
          NBCUniversal Media, LLC is a media and entertainment company engaged in the production and marketing of entertainment, news, and information products and services to a global customer base...

           27%, News Corp 27%, Providence Equity Partners
          Providence Equity Partners
          Providence Equity Partners is a global private equity investment firm focused on media, entertainment, communications and information investments...

           10%, Hulu Employees 9%)
    • Disney ABC Cable Networks
      • Disney Channel
        Disney Channel
        Disney Channel is an American basic cable and satellite television network, owned by the Disney-ABC Television Group division of The Walt Disney Company. It is under the direction of Disney-ABC Television Group President Anne Sweeney. The channel's headquarters is located on West Alameda Ave. in...

        • Disney Junior
          Disney Junior
          Disney Junior is a current program block on Disney Channel and an upcoming American basic cable and satellite television network intended to replace SOAPnet in February 2012. It began airing on February 14, 2011, replacing Playhouse Disney....

          -formerly Playhouse Disney
      • Disney XD
        Disney XD
        Disney XD is a brand of children's TV channels worldwide targeting young males, owned by The Walt Disney Company. The channel was formerly known as Toon Disney and/or Jetix in most areas. According to Gary Marsh, President of Entertainment for Disney Channel Worldwide, "XD" does not "stand for...

        -formerly Toon Disney
        Toon Disney
        Toon Disney was an American cable television channel owned by The Walt Disney Company. A spinoff of Disney Channel, it mostly aired children's animated series and some live action programming. Its format had similarities to those of Cartoon Network and Nicktoons...

         & Jetix
        Jetix (US)
        Jetix USA was a television programming brand running on Toon Disney, owned by The Walt Disney Company. It first officially began programming as a children's programming block on ABC Family in September 2002 as the ABC Family Action Block...

      • ABC Family
        ABC Family
        ABC Family, stylized as abc family, is an American television network, owned by ABC Family Worldwide Inc., a subsidiary of the Disney-ABC Television Group division of The Walt Disney Company...

         - formerly Fox Family & The Family Channel
      • SOAPnet
        SOAPnet
        SOAPnet is an American cable television channel that broadcasts current and past soap operas and primetime dramas, along with some original programming. The channel launched on January 20, 2000, and is owned by Disney-ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company...

  • U.S. Cable Network Equity Holdings:
    • Lifetime Entertainment Services
      Lifetime Entertainment Services
      Lifetime Entertainment Services was an American entertainment industry company, whose media properties were focused on women. Lifetime Entertainment Services was a joint venture of Hearst Corporation and The Walt Disney Company ....

       and A&E Television Networks
      A&E Television Networks
      A&E Television Networks is a U.S. media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the US and abroad...

       [joint venture between Disney (37.5%), Hearst Corporation
      Hearst Corporation
      The Hearst Corporation is an American media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower, Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, the company's holdings now include a wide variety of media...

       (37.5%) and NBC Universal
      NBC Universal
      NBCUniversal Media, LLC is a media and entertainment company engaged in the production and marketing of entertainment, news, and information products and services to a global customer base...

       (25%)]
      • Lifetime
      • Lifetime Movie Network
        Lifetime Movie Network
        Lifetime Movie Network is a cable channel that is part of Lifetime Entertainment Services, LLC, a subsidiary of A&E Television Networks, LLC. A&E Television Networks is a joint venture of the Disney-ABC Television Group, Hearst Corporation and NBCUniversal. LMN offers women-oriented movies...

      • Lifetime Real Women
        Lifetime Real Women
        Lifetime Real Women is a digital cable channel that is the sister network to Lifetime. It was launched in August 2001 and is available in over 10 million homes via digital cable...

      • A&E Network
        A&E Network
        The A&E Network is a United States-based cable and satellite television network with headquarters in New York City and offices in Atlanta, Chicago, Detroit, London, Los Angeles and Stamford. A&E also airs in Canada and Latin America. Initially named the Arts & Entertainment Network, A&E launched...

      • The History Channel
        The History Channel
        History, formerly known as The History Channel, is an American-based international satellite and cable TV channel that broadcasts a variety of reality shows and documentary programs including those of fictional and non-fictional historical content, together with speculation about the future.-...

      • The Biography Channel
        The Biography Channel
        The Biography Channel is an American digital cable television channel owned by A&E and based on the television series of the same name. A version of the channel also airs on ONO and Telefónica in Spain and on Sky Digital and cable television in the United Kingdom, a version of the channel also...

      • History Channel International
        History International
        H2 , formerly History International , is a digital cable and satellite television channel that features historical documentaries, traditionally with an international focus...

      • Military History Channel
        Military History Channel
        Military History is a spin-off channel of History that focuses on military history. The network is owned by A&E Television Networks.Military History features programming that looks back at some of the great battles of yesteryear as well as programs that profile key individuals such as generals,...

      • Crime & Investigation Network
        Crime & Investigation Network
        Crime & Investigation Network is a British television channel which focuses on crime, investigation and mystery programming. It is owned and operated by A+E Networks UK, jointly owned by A&E Television Networks and British Sky Broadcasting and launched in July 2006.A high definition version...

NOTE: In 2009, Lifetime Entertainment and A&E were merged as NBCU was given an equity share of 25%.
  • Production & Syndication Divisions:
    • ABC Studios - formerly Touchstone Television & ABC Television Studios
    • Walt Disney Television Animation
      Walt Disney Television Animation
      Disney Television Animation is an American animation studio that is the TV animation production arm of the Disney-ABC Television Group, owned by The Walt Disney Company, dedicated to creating, developing and producing animated television series, films, specials and other projects.Established in...

    • Disney-ABC Domestic Television - formerly Buena Vista Television
    • Walt Disney Television
      Walt Disney Television
      Walt Disney Television was the former name of the television production division of The Walt Disney Company.-History:It was formed in 1983, as the Walt Disney Pictures Television Division, the name was later shortened to Walt Disney Television in the mid-1980s...

    • Buena Vista Studios
      • BVS Entertainment/Saban Entertainment library - some or all of the Power Rangers rights sold to Saban Brands
        • DePatie-Freleng Enterprises
          DePatie-Freleng Enterprises
          DePatie-Freleng Enterprises was a Hollywood-based animation production company, active from 1963 to 1981. They produced theatrical cartoons, animated series, commercials, title sequences and television specials. Notable among these is The Pink Panther film titles and cartoon shorts and the Dr....

           / Marvel Productions
          Marvel Productions
          Marvel Productions Ltd. , last called New World Animation, was a television and film studio subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, then New World Entertainment and News Corporation/Fox...

          , Ltd. library.
    • Disney-ABC International Television
      Disney-ABC International Television
      Disney-ABC International Television is responsible for The Walt Disney Company's branded and non-branded filmed entertainment distribution, now distributing more than 30,000 hours of content to over 1300 broadcasters across 240 territories worldwide.The television distributor licenses movies from...

       - formerly Buena Vista International Television
    • Disney Educational Productions
  • International Television Networks & Programming Platforms:
    • Disney Channel
      Disney Channel
      Disney Channel is an American basic cable and satellite television network, owned by the Disney-ABC Television Group division of The Walt Disney Company. It is under the direction of Disney-ABC Television Group President Anne Sweeney. The channel's headquarters is located on West Alameda Ave. in...

       Worldwide
      • Disney Channel
        Disney Channel
        Disney Channel is an American basic cable and satellite television network, owned by the Disney-ABC Television Group division of The Walt Disney Company. It is under the direction of Disney-ABC Television Group President Anne Sweeney. The channel's headquarters is located on West Alameda Ave. in...

         (25 channels worldwide)
      • Playhouse Disney
        Playhouse Disney
        Playhouse Disney was Disney Channel's television block for programs aimed at entertaining preschool aged children, often airing as its own channel outside the United States. It was introduced in 1997 after Disney Channel's move to basic cable from premium cable, with a target audience of children...

         (9 channels worldwide)
      • Disney Cinemagic
        Disney Cinemagic
        Disney Cinemagic is the premium subscription movie service, available through Sky, TalkTalk TV and Virgin Media. The channel first appeared on 16 March 2006, airing previews, preparing for the official launch that took place at 17:00 on 19 March 2006....

      • Hungama
        Hungama TV
        Hungama TV is a TV channel for kids in India based in Mumbai. Originally a subsidiary of UTV Software Communications launched in 2004, the channel was sold to Disney in 2006. The channel retained its own identity and is helping to increase Disney's presence in India...

  • International Business Ventures:
    • Walt Disney International Business Ventures & Business Development
      • Super RTL
        Super RTL
        Super RTL is a Cologne-based German television network operated by RTL Disney Fernsehen GmbH & Co. KG. It was the second German television channel aimed mostly at children...

        , Germany (joint venture between Disney [50%] and RTL Group
        RTL Group
        RTL Group is Europe's largest TV, radio and production company, and is majority-owned by German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. It has 45 television and 32 radio stations in 11 countries...

         [50%])
      • RTL II
        RTL II
        RTL II is a privately owned, commercial, general-interest German television channel.It was founded as a second-generation commercial broadcaster in 1993. It quickly became infamous for its perceived "trash programming", comprising lots of soft porn as well as shows such as Peep and many...

        , Germany (15.75 % stake)
      • UTV Software Communications
        UTV Software Communications
        UTV Software Communications Ltd., also known as United Television or UTV, is an Indian media and entertainment company owned by The Walt Disney Company India Pvt. Ltd., a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company.-History:...

         (32 % stake)
      • NET TV, Spain (20 % stake)
Disney's previous stake in HBO Central Europe
HBO Central Europe
HBO Central Europe is a premium pay television service operating in eleven countries in Central and Eastern Europe: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Moldova, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. The headquarters are located in...

 was sold in 2010.
  • Radio:
    • Radio Disney
      Radio Disney
      Radio Disney is a radio network based in Burbank, California and headquartered out of the Disney Channel headquarters on West Alameda Ave., from where it has been based since November 2008. Prior to that, the network was based in Dallas, Texas...

  • Publishing:
    • Hyperion Books
      Hyperion (publisher)
      Hyperion Books is a general-interest book publishing part of the Disney-ABC Television Group, a division of The Walt Disney Company, established in 1991. Hyperion publishes general-interest fiction and non-fiction books for adults under the following imprints: ABC Daytime Press, ESPN Books,...

      • ABC Daytime Press
      • ESPN Books
        ESPN Books
        ESPN Books is a publishing company operated by ESPN Started in 2004, ESPN Books has published almost 20 books. ESPN Books also is in charge of producing ESPN's yearly sports encyclopedia. It also controls its own book club and in addition it ranks the top selling sports books in ESPN Borders...

      • Hyperion East
      • Hyperion Audiobooks
      • VOICE

ESPN, Inc.
ESPN
Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, commonly known as ESPN, is an American global cable television network focusing on sports-related programming including live and pre-taped event telecasts, sports talk shows, and other original programming....

(Disney 80%, Hearst Corporation
Hearst Corporation
The Hearst Corporation is an American media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower, Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, the company's holdings now include a wide variety of media...

 20%)
  • ESPN
    ESPN
    Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, commonly known as ESPN, is an American global cable television network focusing on sports-related programming including live and pre-taped event telecasts, sports talk shows, and other original programming....

     and HD
  • ESPN2
    ESPN2
    ESPN2 is an American sports cable television network owned by ESPN. The channel debuted on October 1, 1993.Originally nicknamed "the deuce," ESPN2 was initially branded as a network for a younger generation of sports fans featuring edgier graphics as well as extreme sports like motocross,...

     and HD
  • ESPN on ABC
    ESPN on ABC
    ESPN on ABC is the brand used for sports programming on the ABC television network. Officially the broadcast network retains its own sports division; however, for all practical purposes, ABC's sports division has been merged with ESPN, a sports cable network majority-owned by ABC's parent, The...

     - formerly ABC Sports
  • ESPN Classic
    ESPN Classic
    ESPN Classic is a sports channel that features reruns of famous sporting events, sports documentaries, and sports themed movies. Such programs includes biographies of famous sports figures or a rerun of a famous World Series or Super Bowl, often with added commentary on the event...

  • ESPNews
    ESPNEWS
    ESPNEWS , launched on November 1, 1996, is a 24-hour-a-day sports news television channel...

     and HD
  • ESPN Deportes
    ESPN Deportes
    ESPN Deportes is a cable television and radio network dedicated to broadcasting sports-related programming 24 hours a day to the Spanish-speaking community in the United States...

  • ESPNU
    ESPNU
    ESPNU is a television channel that specializes in college sports, and is produced by, affiliated with and owned by parent network ESPN. ESPNU originates out of ESPN Regional Television's ESPNU (often referred to as The U) is a television channel that specializes in college sports, and is produced...

  • ESPN Now
  • ESPN Plus
    ESPN Plus
    ESPN Plus, the popular name of ESPN Regional Television, is an American television program syndicator. ERT is based along with sister network ESPNU in Charlotte, North Carolina...

  • ESPN Original Entertainment
  • ESPN Pay-Per-View
    ESPN PPV
    ESPN PPV is the banner for pay-per-view events that ESPN broadcasts, including the out-of-market sports packages ESPN GamePlan and ESPN Full Court . The network was originally launched in 1999 as ESPN Extra and was renamed to ESPN PPV in 2001 .-External links:* *...

  • ESPN Regional Television
  • ESPN International
    ESPN International
    ESPN International is a family of networks around the world. It was begun in 1989 and is operated by ESPN. It consists of:Asia: *ESPN SEA*ESPN SEA 2*ESPN China*ESPN Hong Kong*ESPN India*ESPN Malaysia...

     (see for complete list of channels)
    • ESPN America
    • ESPN Star Sports
      ESPN Star Sports
      ESPN Star Sports is a joint venture between The Walt Disney Company and News Corporation...

       (joint venture between Disney (50%) and News Corporation
      News Corporation
      News Corporation or News Corp. is an American multinational media conglomerate. It is the world's second-largest media conglomerate as of 2011 in terms of revenue, and the world's third largest in entertainment as of 2009, although the BBC remains the world's largest broadcaster...

       (50%))
    • TSN
      The Sports Network
      The Sports Network, commonly abbreviated as TSN, is a Canadian English language Category C specialty channel and is Canada's leading English language sports TV channel. TSN premiered in 1984, in the first group of Canadian specialty cable channels...

       (20%)
  • ESPN Radio
    ESPN Radio
    ESPN Radio is an American sports radio network. It was launched on January 1, 1992 under the original banner of "SportsRadio ESPN." ESPN Radio is located at ESPN headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut...

  • Mobile ESPN
    Mobile ESPN
    ESPN MVP is a cellular phone-based sports information service offered by ESPN and Verizon Wireless. It has been carried on the Verizon Wireless Network after it was relaunched in May 2007 as the ESPN MVP. Previously known as Mobile ESPN, it was an Mobile Virtual Network Operator run by Disney using...

  • ESPN3
  • ESPN The Magazine
    ESPN The Magazine
    ESPN The Magazine is a bi-weekly sports magazine published by the ESPN sports network in Bristol, Connecticut in the United States. The first issue was published on March 11, 1998....

     (published by Hearst Corporation
    Hearst Corporation
    The Hearst Corporation is an American media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower, Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, the company's holdings now include a wide variety of media...

    )
  • ESPN Books
    ESPN Books
    ESPN Books is a publishing company operated by ESPN Started in 2004, ESPN Books has published almost 20 books. ESPN Books also is in charge of producing ESPN's yearly sports encyclopedia. It also controls its own book club and in addition it ranks the top selling sports books in ESPN Borders...

     (an imprint of Disney's Hyperion Books
    Hyperion (publisher)
    Hyperion Books is a general-interest book publishing part of the Disney-ABC Television Group, a division of The Walt Disney Company, established in 1991. Hyperion publishes general-interest fiction and non-fiction books for adults under the following imprints: ABC Daytime Press, ESPN Books,...

    )
  • ESPN Home Entertainment (currently distributed by Genius Products)
  • ESPN Outdoors
    • BASS
      Bassmaster Classic
      The Bassmaster Classic is a competition in professional bass fishing. It was first held in 1971 on Lake Mead, Nevada. Originally it was a fall event , but it switched to the summer in 1984 and then to the late winter in 2006...

  • ESPN Digital Center

Disney Interactive Media Group
Disney Interactive Media Group
The Disney Interactive Media Group , formerly known as the Walt Disney Internet Group and Disney Interactive Studios, oversees various websites and interactive media owned by The Walt Disney Company and its subsidiaries....

Walt Disney Internet Group (WDIG)- Websites & Online Destinations
  • Disney Online
    Disney.com
    Disney.com is a website, owned by The Walt Disney Company and its subsidiaries, promotes the Disney theme parks and offers entertainment content intended for children....

  • D23
    D23 (Disney)
    D23 is the first official Disney fan club for dedicated fans, sponsored by the Walt Disney Company. The Charter Year of D23 was in 2009.-History:...

  • Disney Auctions
  • ABC.com
  • ABCNews.com
  • ABC News Now
    ABC News Now
    ABC News Now is an American 24-hour news channel offered via digital television, broadband and streaming video at ABCNews.com and on mobile phones. It delivers breaking news, headline news each half hour, and wide range of entertainment and lifestyle programs. The channel is currently available in...

  • ESPN.com
    ESPN.com
    ESPN.com is the official website of ESPN and a division of ESPN Inc. Since launching in 1995 as ESPNet.SportsZone.com, the website has developed numerous sections including: Page 2, SportsNation, ESPN 3.com, ESPN Motion, My ESPN, ESPN Sports Travel, ESPN Video Games, ESPN Insider, ESPN.com's...

  • ESPNsoccernet
    ESPNsoccernet
    ESPN Soccernet is a website that provides comprehensive coverage of world football . Complete football information includes scores, statistics, and features of worldwide football.-History:...

  • Go.com
    Go.com
    Go.com is a web portal first launched by Jeff Gold, and now operated by the Walt Disney Internet Group, which is a part of The Walt Disney Company. The portal includes content from ABC News, ESPN, and FamilyFun.com, all of which are associated with Disney and are hosted under a .go.com name...

     - formerly GO Network
  • FamilyFun.com
  • Wondertime.com
  • Disney Family (Family.com)
  • TouchstonePictures.com
  • BVOnlineEntertainment.com
  • Muppets.com
  • HollywoodRecords.com
  • LyricStreetRecords.com
  • ABCFamily.com
  • Video.com
  • SOAPnet.com
  • Oscar.com
  • ClubPenguin.com
  • Hulu
    Hulu
    Hulu is a website and over-the-top subscription service offering ad-supported on-demand streaming video of TV shows, movies, webisodes and other new media, trailers, clips, and behind-the-scenes footage from NBC, Fox, ABC, and Obstacle on October 20th 2011 Nickelodeon and CBS and many other...

     (27%)
  • Hundreds of other websites relating to Disney properties & businesses, just a few are listed above

Mobile Services and Entertainment
  • Disney Mobile Studios
  • Starwave Mobile
  • Living Mobile
  • Minds Eye Productions
  • Enorbus
  • mobile2win China

Disney Interactive Studios (DIS) - formerly Buena Vista Games
  • Avalanche Software
    Avalanche Software
    Avalanche Software is a video game developer studio, founded in October 1995 by four lead programmers from Sculptured Software. The company has developed for every console platform since the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis and SNES days and has grown to a staff of over 100 since its inception...

  • Black Rock Studios
  • Fall Line Studios
    Fall Line Studios
    Fall Line Studio is a start up studio of Disney's Disney Interactive Studios. It is based in Salt Lake City, Utah, and is the sister studio to Disney's Avalanche Software, also based in the city....

  • Junction Point Studios
    Junction Point Studios
    Junction Point Studios is a video game developer based in Austin, Texas. The studio was established in 2005 by Warren Spector and Art Min, prominent figures in the game development industry...

  • Playdom
    Playdom
    Playdom is an online social network game developer popular on Facebook and on MySpace; it is currently the largest social game developer on MySpace and one of the larger ones on Facebook. The company was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area by University of California, Berkeley graduates Ling Xiao...

  • Wideload Games
    Wideload Games
    Wideload Games is an American game developer located in Chicago, Illinois.It was founded in 2003 by Alexander Seropian—the co-founder of Bungie and head behind the games Halo: Combat Evolved, Myth, and Marathon—and 6 other former Bungie Studios employees 3 years after Bungie's acquisition by...

  • Tapulous
    Tapulous
    Tapulous, Inc. is an American software and video game developer and publisher headquartered in Palo Alto, California. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company as part of the Disney Interactive Media Group...


Disney Consumer Products
Disney Consumer Products
Disney Consumer Products is a division of The Walt Disney Company that engages in merchandizing of the Disney brand and Disney properties, Lines of business under DCP include Disney Fashion & Home, Disney Food, Health and Beauty, Disney Toys & Social Expressions, Disney Publishing Worldwide and...

  • DisneyShopping.com
  • Disney Store
    Disney Store
    Disney Store is an international chain of specialty stores selling only Disney related items, many of them exclusive. Disney Store is a business unit of Disney Consumer Products. James Fielding serves as the President....

  • World of Disney
    World of Disney
    World of Disney is a chain of specialty retail stores owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company....

     Store
  • Disney Apparel, Accessories & Footwear
  • Disney Food, Health & Beauty
  • Disney Home & Infant
  • Disney Publishing Worldwide
    Disney Publishing Worldwide
    Disney Publishing Worldwide is the publishing group controlled by The Walt Disney Company. Its imprints include Disney Editions, Hyperion Books for Children and Disney Press. Through this group, Disney gets the royalties for any kind of licensed publication. The current President is R...

    • U.S. Children's & Family Magazines:
      • Disney Adventures
        Disney Adventures
        Disney Adventures was a children's entertainment and educational magazine published ten times per year by The Walt Disney Company. It should not be confused with the Disney Magazine...

      • FamilyFun Magazine
      • Wondertime
    • Children's Books:
      • Hyperion Books For Children
        • Jump At the Sun
        • Volo Books
        • Michael di Capua Books
      • Disney Press
      • Disney Editions
      • Disney Libri
      • Disney Educational Productions
    • Global Children's Magazines (hundreds of publications are included, listed below are just a few)
      • W.I.T.C.H.
        W.I.T.C.H.
        W.I.T.C.H. is an Italian fantasy/Magical girl comic series created by Elisabetta Gnone, Alessandro Barbucci and Barbara Canepa. It tells the story of five teenage girls who are chosen to be the new Guardians of Kandrakar, protectors of the center of the universe from people and creatures who wish...

      • Topolino
      • Disney Princess Magazine
      • Winnie the Pooh Magazine
      • Fairies Magazine
      • Mickey Mouse Magazine
    • CrossGen
      CrossGen
      Cross Generation Entertainment, or CrossGen, was an American comic book publisher that operated from 1998 to 2004.CrossGen Comics, Inc. was founded in 1998, by Tampa, Florida-based entrepreneur Mark Alessi who sought to create a comic book universe that was uniquely varied but also connected by a...

       - restarted as an imprint by Marvel Comics
    • Disney English
      Disney English
      Disney English is the Disney educational program for teaching English as a second language to children using the Disney characters and stories. The first Disney-operated learning center opened in Shanghai, China in October 2008. The curriculum is developed in the U.S. and taught by native speaking...

    • The Baby Einstein Company
      Baby Einstein
      Baby Einstein is a line of multimedia products and toys that specializes in interactive activities for children aged 3 months to 3 years old. Subjects such as classical music, art, and poetry are prominently explored. These products are currently made by a division of the Walt Disney Company,...

    • The Muppets Studio, LLC (formerly Muppets Holding Company LLC)
    • Disney Stationery
    • Disney Toys
    • Disney Electronics

Parks & Resorts

Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
Walt Disney Parks and Resorts is the segment of The Walt Disney Company that conceives, builds, and manages the company's theme parks and holiday resorts, as well as a variety of additional family-oriented leisure enterprises...

 division owns and operates two resorts in the United States and another three internationally through various joint venture
Joint venture
A joint venture is a business agreement in which parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets...

s and licensing agreements.

Disneyland Resort
Disneyland Resort
The Disneyland Resort is a recreational resort in Anaheim, California. The resort is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division and is home to two theme parks, three hotels and a shopping, dining, and entertainment area known as Downtown Disney.The area now...

Anaheim
Anaheim, California
Anaheim is a city in Orange County, California. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city population was about 365,463, making it the most populated city in Orange County, the 10th most-populated city in California, and ranked 54th in the United States...

, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

  • Disneyland - 1955
  • Disney California Adventure - 2001
  • Downtown Disney (California)
    Downtown Disney (California)
    Downtown Disney is an outdoor shopping, dining, and entertainment area, also known as a "shoppertainment center", located at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, United States...

  • Resorts:
    • Disneyland Hotel
      Disneyland Hotel
      Disneyland Hotel may refer to any of the following properties and/or licensees of The Walt Disney Company:* Disneyland Hotel in Anaheim, California, USA, the original property to bear the moniker....

    • Disney's Grand Californian Hotel
    • Disney's Paradise Pier Hotel
      Disney's Paradise Pier Hotel
      Disney's Paradise Pier Hotel is a resort hotel located at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, owned by The Walt Disney Company and operated through its Parks and Resorts division. The hotel was originally built and owned by Japan-based Tokyu Group, and opened in 1984 as the Emerald of...


Walt Disney World Resort
Walt Disney World Resort
Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

Through Walt Disney World Company:
  • Magic Kingdom
    Magic Kingdom
    Magic Kingdom Park is one of four theme parks at the Walt Disney World Resort located near Orlando, Florida. The first park built at the resort, Magic Kingdom opened Oct. 1, 1971. Designed and built by WED Enterprises, the park's layout and attractions are similar to Disneyland in Anaheim, California...

     - 1971
  • Epcot
    Epcot
    Epcot is a theme park in the Walt Disney World Resort, located near Orlando, Florida. The park is dedicated to the celebration of human achievement, namely international culture and technological innovation. The second park built at the resort, it opened on October 1, 1982 and was initially named...

     - 1982
  • Disney's Hollywood Studios
    Disney's Hollywood Studios
    Disney's Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort. Spanning 135 acres in size, its theme is show business, drawing inspiration from the heyday of Hollywood in the 1930s and 1940s...

     - 1989
  • Disney's Animal Kingdom
    Disney's Animal Kingdom
    Disney's Animal Kingdom is an animal theme park located at the Walt Disney World Resort. The fourth park built at the resort, it opened on April 22, 1998, and it is the largest single Disney theme park in the world, covering more than . It is also the first Disney theme park to be themed entirely...

     - 1998
  • Downtown Disney (Florida)
    Downtown Disney (Florida)
    Downtown Disney is an outdoor shopping, dining, and entertainment complex located at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Downtown Disney is open to the public, requires no admission fee, and offers complimentary parking and transportation to all Disney-operated Walt Disney...

    • Pleasure Island
      Pleasure Island
      Pleasure Island is an area of the Downtown Disney shopping, dining and entertainment district at Walt Disney World Resort. Pleasure Island officially opened on May 1, 1989. In September 2008, all of the clubs on the island were closed, however, the island's retail stores and restaurants remain open...

    • Downtown Disney Marketplace
    • Downtown Disney Westside
  • ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex
  • Water Parks:
    • River Country - 1976-2001
    • Typhoon Lagoon - 1989
    • Blizzard Beach - 1994
  • Resorts:
    • Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge
      Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge
      Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge is an African-themed deluxe resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on April 16, 2001. The resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts....

    • Disney's Beach Club Resort
      Disney's Beach Club Resort
      Disney's Beach Club Resort is a beach-themed deluxe resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on November 19, 1990. The resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts....

    • Disney's BoardWalk Inn
      Disney's BoardWalk Inn
      Disney's BoardWalk Inn is a deluxe resort part of Disney's BoardWalk Resort, at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on July 1, 1996. The resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts....

    • Disney's Contemporary Resort
      Disney's Contemporary Resort
      Disney's Contemporary Resort is a deluxe resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on October 1, 1971...

    • Disney's Grand Floridian Resort and Spa
    • Disney's Polynesian Resort
      Disney's Polynesian Resort
      Disney's Polynesian Resort is a Disney owned and operated AAA Four-Diamond Award–winning resort located at the Walt Disney World Resort. It began operation on October 1, 1971 as one of Walt Disney World Resort's first two on-site hotels. The resort has a South Seas theme, and originally opened...

    • Disney's Wilderness Lodge
      Disney's Wilderness Lodge
      Disney's Wilderness Lodge is a resort hotel located at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on May 28, 1994. The resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts....

    • Disney's Yacht Club Resort
      Disney's Yacht Club Resort
      Disney's Yacht Club Resort is a New England nautical-themed resort, at Walt Disney World. First opened on November 5, 1990, it is one of several Epcot Area Resorts. Disney's Yacht Club is located next to a sister resort, Disney's Beach Club Resort, and across Crescent Lake from Disney's BoardWalk...

    • Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground
      Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground
      Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort and Campground is a themed camping resort located at the Walt Disney World Resort. It officially opened on November 19, 1971....

    • Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort
      Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort
      Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort is a resort which is located in the Walt Disney World Resort. It is located in the Epcot area of Walt Disney World, close to the waterpark Typhoon Lagoon and is classified as a moderately priced resort. The resort started operating on October 1, 1988 and is owned and...

    • Disney's Coronado Springs Resort
      Disney's Coronado Springs Resort
      Disney's Coronado Springs Resort is a resort hotel at the Walt Disney World Resort that opened on August 1, 1997. Inspired by the explorers who searched for the fabled Seven Cities of Gold, the resort features a Southwestern U.S./Mexican theme in elements, such as a tiled stucco lobby and a pyramid...

    • Disney's Port Orleans Resort
      Disney's Port Orleans Resort
      Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter and Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside are a pair of resort hotels located at the Walt Disney World Resort. The two hotels are themed to look like New Orleans and the Old South...

      , French Quarter
    • Disney's Port Orleans Resort
      Disney's Port Orleans Resort
      Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter and Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside are a pair of resort hotels located at the Walt Disney World Resort. The two hotels are themed to look like New Orleans and the Old South...

      , Riverside (formerly known as Disney's Dixie Landings Resort)
    • Disney's All-Star Movies Resort
      Disney's All-Star Movies Resort
      Disney's All-Star Movies Resort is a resort hotel located at the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four Disney Resorts in the "Value" category along with Disney's All-Star Sports Resort, Disney's All-Star Music Resort, and Disney's Pop Century Resort. The resort is located on the southern...

    • Disney's All-Star Music Resort
      Disney's All-Star Music Resort
      Disney's All-Star Music Resort is a resort that is part of the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four resorts in the Value Resort category, along with Disney's All-Star Sports Resort, Disney's All-Star Movies Resort, and Disney's Pop Century Resort. The resort is located on the southern...

    • Disney's All-Star Sports Resort
      Disney's All-Star Sports Resort
      Disney's All-Star Sports Resort is a resort that is part of the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four Resorts in the Value Resort category, along with Disney's All-Star Music Resort, Disney's All-Star Movies Resort, and Disney's Pop Century Resort. The resort is located on the southern...

    • Disney's Pop Century Resort
      Disney's Pop Century Resort
      Disney's Pop Century Resort is a resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of four hotels that make up the "value resort" group, along with the Disney's All-Star Sports Resort, Disney's All-Star Movies Resort, and Disney's All-Star Music Resort. The hotel is themed around different decades...


Tokyo Disney Resort
Tokyo Disney Resort
is a theme park and vacation resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, just east of Tokyo. It is owned and operated by the Oriental Land Company with a license from The Walt Disney Company. The resort opened on April 15, 1983, as a single theme park , but developed into a resort with two theme...

Urayasu
Urayasu, Chiba
is a city located in the far western corner of northern Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of February 2011, the city had an estimated population of 164,822 and a population density of 9530 persons per km²...

, Chiba
Chiba Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region and the Greater Tokyo Area. Its capital is Chiba City.- History :Chiba Prefecture was established on June 15, 1873 with the merger of Kisarazu Prefecture and Inba Prefecture...

, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

, near Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...

 (owned and operated by The Oriental Land Company
The Oriental Land Company
is a Japanese leisure and tourism corporation headquartered in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan. The company owns the Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu. The main shareholders of the company are Keisei Electric Railway and Mitsui Fudosan...

 through a licensing agreement with Disney)
  • Tokyo Disneyland
    Tokyo Disneyland
    is a 115 acre theme park at the Tokyo Disney Resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, near Tokyo. Its main gate is directly adjacent to both Maihama Station and Tokyo Disneyland Station. It was the first Disney park to be built outside of the United States and opened on April 15, 1983...

     - 1983
  • Tokyo DisneySea
    Tokyo DisneySea
    is a 176-acre theme park at the Tokyo Disney Resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, just outside Tokyo. It opened on September 4, 2001. It is owned by The Oriental Land Company, which licenses the theme from The Walt Disney Company. Tokyo DisneySea attracted an estimated 12 million visitors in...

     - 2001
  • Ikspiari
    Ikspiari
    is a shopping, dining, and entertainment complex at the Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan. Owned and operated by The Oriental Land Company, it is the Japanese equivalent of the Downtown Disney complexes at the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resorts in the USA, and Disney Village at...

  • Resorts:
    • Disney Ambassador Hotel
    • Tokyo DisneySea Hotel MiraCosta
    • Tokyo Disneyland Hotel

Disneyland Paris

Opened on 12 April, 1992 as the Euro Disney Resort. Located in Marne-la-Vallée
Marne-la-Vallée
Marne-la-Vallée is a new town located near Paris, France.Disneyland Paris, Val d'Europe,Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée,and École des Ponts ParisTech are located in Marne-la-Vallée.-Status:...

, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

  (Disney 51%, public shareholders 49%)
  • Euro Disney S.C.A.
    • Disneyland Park
      Disneyland Park (Paris)
      Disneyland Park is a theme park at Disneyland Paris, a resort complex just outside of Paris, in the new town of Marne-la-Vallée, France. The first of two parks built at the resort, it opened as Euro Disneyland on 12 April, 1992...

       - 1992 (opened as Euro Disneyland)
    • Walt Disney Studios
      Walt Disney Studios Park
      Walt Disney Studios Park is the second theme park to open at Disneyland Paris, owned and operated by Euro Disney S.C.A.. It is located to the west of the hub, next door to Disneyland Park at the heart of the resort in Marne-la-Vallée....

       - 2002
    • Disney Village
      Disney Village
      Disney Village is a shopping, dining and entertainment complex in Disneyland Paris, Marne-la-Vallée, France. Originally named Festival Disney, it opened April 12, 1992 with what was then the Euro Disney Resort and originally covered an area of approximately 18,000 m².Based on Walt Disney World's...

       - 1992 (Opened as Festival Disney)
    • Resorts:
      • Disney's Davy Crockett Ranch
        Disney's Davy Crockett Ranch
        Disney's Davy Crockett Ranch is a campground at Disneyland Paris which consists of 595 cabins in a quiet, wooded area located outside the perimeters of the main resort. The ranch is about a 15 minute drive from the theme parks. The Cabins include a TV, double bed, a bunk bed and convertible sofa bed...

      • Disneyland Hotel
        Disneyland Hotel (Paris)
        The Disneyland Hotel is a hotel at Disneyland Paris, by which it is marketed as its most prestigious and priced accordingly. With its clapboard and trim styled in a palette of creams and pinks, octagonal and Mansard roofs with dormera, a Mickey Mouse clock tower, wraparound porches and goldleaf...

      • Disney's Hotel Cheyenne
        Disney's Hotel Cheyenne
        Disney's Hotel Cheyenne is a hotel located at Disneyland Paris. Designed by architect Robert A.M. Stern , it is devised to create the illusion that it is a Western town in the archetypal Hollywood style rather than a single hotel complex...

      • Disney's Hotel New York
        Disney's Hotel New York
        Disney's Hotel New York is a hotel situated in Disneyland Paris designed by postmodern architect Michael Graves. Citing early 20th century Art Deco it was designed to echo the essence and feel of New York City. The exterior of the hotel itself is a stylised skyscraper-filled skyline...

      • Disney's Hotel Santa Fe
        Disney's Hotel Santa Fe
        Disney's Hotel Santa Fe is a hotel at Disneyland Paris. It is designed by Albuquerque- based architect Antoine Predock, whose other work stands mainly in the American Southwest, to evoke the atmosphere of a motel in Santa Fe, New Mexico with its typical Pueblo Revival architecture...

      • Disney's Newport Bay Club
        Disney's Newport Bay Club
        Disney's Newport Bay Club is a hotel situated at the Disneyland Paris. It was designed by architect Robert A.M. Stern and styled after archetypal New England architecture with its white clapboard exterior, porches, woodwork and nautical memorabilia. Its name was derived from the town of Newport,...

      • Disney's Sequoia Lodge
        Disney's Sequoia Lodge
        Disney's Sequoia Lodge is a hotel situated at Disneyland Paris. It was designed by French architect Antoine Grumbach to evoke the atmosphere of the American National Park lodges built around the beginning of the 20th century, such as the Old Faithful Inn in Yellowstone National Park and others in...


Hong Kong Disneyland Resort
Hong Kong Disneyland Resort
The Hong Kong Disneyland Resort is a resort built by the Government of Hong Kong and The Walt Disney Company in Hong Kong on reclaimed land beside Penny's Bay, at the northeastern tip of Lantau Island, approximately two kilometres from Discovery Bay...

Penny's Bay
Penny's Bay
Penny's Bay or Chok Ko Wan is a bay in north-eastern Lantau Island, and is the site of the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort, which consists of the Hong Kong Disneyland theme park, Disneyland Hotel, and Disney's Hollywood Hotel, and the Inspiration Lake. It is connected by a highway and a rail...

, Lantau Island
Lantau Island
Lantau Island , based on the old local name of Lantau Peak , is the largest island in Hong Kong, located at the mouth of the Pearl River. Administratively, most of Lantau Island is part of the Islands District of Hong Kong...

, Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...

 (Disney 48%, Hong Kong Government 52%)
  • Hong Kong International Theme Parks
    Hong Kong International Theme Parks
    Hong Kong International Theme Parks Ltd. is an incorporated company jointly owned by The Walt Disney Company and the Government of Hong Kong), founded in 1999. It owns and operates the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort, on Lantau Island, Hong Kong....

    • Hong Kong Disneyland
      Hong Kong Disneyland
      Hong Kong Disneyland is located on reclaimed land in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island. It is the first theme park located inside the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort and is owned and managed by the Hong Kong International Theme Parks. The park opened to visitors on 12 September 2005...

       - 2005
    • Inspiration Lake
      Inspiration Lake
      Inspiration Lake , officially known as The Inspiration Lake Recreation Centre , is a 12-hectare artificial lake located in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong...

       - 2005
    • Resorts:
      • Hong Kong Disneyland Hotel
      • Disney's Hollywood Hotel
        Disney's Hollywood Hotel
        Disney's Hollywood Hotel is one of two hotels at Hong Kong Disneyland Resort in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong. It opened in 2005 along with the resort. It is themed to 1930s Hollywood...


Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line is an American cruise line company owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company and is headquartered in Celebration, Florida. The business is run by President Karl Holz. Disney Cruise Line operates the Disney Cruise Line Terminal,...

  • Disney Magic
    Disney Magic
    The Disney Magic is a cruise ship operated by the Disney Cruise Line, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Its sister, the Disney Wonder, was launched in 1999....

     - 1998
  • Disney Wonder
    Disney Wonder
    Disney Wonder is the second cruise ship operated by Disney Cruise Line; it was launched in 1999. It is nearly identical in construction to its sister ship, Disney Magic. Both ships have 11 public decks, can accommodate 2,400 passengers in 875 staterooms, and have a crew of approximately 950. ...

     - 1999
  • Castaway Cay
    Castaway Cay
    'Castaway Cay' is a private island in the Bahamas which serves as an exclusive port for the Disney Cruise Line ships Disney Wonder, Disney Magic, Disney Dream, and Disney Fantasy. It is located near Great Abaco Island, and was formerly known as Gorda Cay...

     - 1998
  • Disney Dream
    Disney Dream
    Disney Dream is the third cruise ship operated by Disney Cruise Line, part of The Walt Disney Company, which entered service in 2011. The Disney Dream currently sails 3-, 4-, and 5-day itineraries to The Bahamas. The Captain of Disney Dream is Tom Forberg...

    - 2011
  • Disney Fantasy
    Disney Fantasy
    The Disney Fantasy is an upcoming cruise ship for the Disney Cruise Line, part of The Walt Disney Company. The Disney Fantasy will be the fourth ship in the cruise line when it enters service in 2012.-History:...

    - 2012

Disney Vacation Club
Disney Vacation Club
Disney Vacation Club is a vacation timeshare division owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company. It allows buying real estate interest in a DVC resort. Disney Vacation Club's President is Claire Bilby....

  • Disney's BoardWalk Villas
    Disney's BoardWalk Villas
    Disney's BoardWalk Villas is a Disney Vacation Club Resort located at the Walt Disney World Resort. Disney's Boardwalk Villas opened on July 1, 1996, as a 1920's-1940's era hotel, overlooking a boardwalk, adjacent to Crescent Lake. The boardwalk and lake offer many shops, restaurants and...

    , Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • Disney's Beach Club Villas
    Disney's Beach Club Villas
    Disney's Beach Club Villas is a Disney Vacation Club resort at the Walt Disney World Resort.-General Information and Facts:Disney's Beach Club Villas opened on July 1, 2002 and is the fourth Disney Vacation Club Resort operating at Walt Disney World...

    , Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • Disney's Old Key West Resort
    Disney's Old Key West Resort
    Disney's Old Key West Resort is a Disney Vacation Club resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on December 20, 1991 and was formerly known as Disney's Vacation Club Resort up until January 1996 when it was renamed. It was the first Disney Vacation Club Timeshare Resort, and has the...

    , Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa
    Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa
    Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa is a Disney Vacation Club resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. The resort is the seventh Disney Vacation Club resort and is situated on the former site of the Disney Institute. It first opened May 17, 2004 and was built in three phases. It is now the...

    , Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge
    The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge
    The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge is a Disney Vacation Club Timeshare resort at the Walt Disney World Resort. Announced in 1998, the property first accepted guests in November 2000. The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge are adjacent to Disney's Wilderness Lodge, whose design is based on the...

    , Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • Bay Lake Tower at Disney's Contemporary Resort, Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • The Villas at Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge, Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

  • Disney's Vero Beach Resort
    Disney's Vero Beach Resort
    Disney's Vero Beach Resort is a Disney Vacation Club resort located in Vero Beach, Florida. The resort was the first Disney Vacation Club resort to be constructed outside of the Walt Disney World Resort area.- Accommodations :...

    , Vero Beach, Florida
    Vero Beach, Florida
    Vero Beach is a city in Indian River County, Florida, USA. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2006 estimates, the city had a population of 16,939. It is the county seat of Indian River County...

  • Disney's Hilton Head Island Resort
    Disney's Hilton Head Island Resort
    Disney's Hilton Head Island Resort is a Disney Vacation Club Resort located in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Designed by Cooper, Robertson & Partners, it opened on March 1, 1996....

    , Hilton Head Island, South Carolina
    Hilton Head Island, South Carolina
    Hilton Head Island or Hilton Head is a resort town in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. It is north of Savannah, Georgia, and south of Charleston. The island gets its name from Captain William Hilton...

  • The Villas at Disney's Grand Californian Hotel & Spa, Disneyland Resort
    Disneyland Resort
    The Disneyland Resort is a recreational resort in Anaheim, California. The resort is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division and is home to two theme parks, three hotels and a shopping, dining, and entertainment area known as Downtown Disney.The area now...


Other Assets

  • Marvel Entertainment
    Marvel Entertainment
    Marvel Entertainment, LLC , formerly Marvel Enterprises and Toy Biz, Inc., is an American entertainment company formed from the merger of Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc. and Toy Biz, Inc....

    • Marvel Studios
      Marvel Studios
      Marvel Studios, originally Marvel Films, is an American television and motion picture studio based in Manhattan Beach, California. Marvel Studios is a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, a self-contained part of the The Walt Disney Company conglomerate....

      • Marvel Music
        Marvel Music
        Marvel Music has been an imprint of Marvel Comics, former music publishing subsidiaries, Mighty Marvel Music Inc. and Marvel Music Group and the current Marvel Music, Inc., appearent holder of copyrights to Marvel Studio's movie music....

      • Marvel TV division
        • Marvel Animation
          Marvel Animation
          Marvel Animation, LLC is an American animation production company. The Marvel Entertainment subsidiary was incorporated on January 25, 2008 to direct Marvel's efforts in animation and home entertainment markets...

          • MLG Productions 1 - MLG Productions 7
      • Marvel Film Productions LLC (Delaware)
      • MVL Productions LLC: an indirect wholly owned film development subsidiary[53]
      • MVL Film Finance LLC: holder of Marvel's Movie debt and theatrical film rights to the ten characters as collateral.
      • MVL Rights, LLC: subsidiary holding movie rights of all Marvel Characters with some on contract with MVL Film Finance
      • Iron Works Productions LLC: subsidiary holding debt to finance the Iron Man films.
      • Incredible Productions LLC (Delaware): subsidiary holding debt to finance the Incredible Hulk film
      • MVL Iron Works Productions Canada, Inc. (Province of Ontario)
      • MVL Incredible Productions Canada, Inc. (Province of Ontario)
      • Asgard Productions LLC (Delaware)
      • Green Guy Toons LLC (Delaware)
      • Squad Productions LLC (Delaware)
    • Marvel Characters, Inc.
    • Marvel Publishing, Inc.: publisher of Marvel Comics;
      • Marvel Comics
        Marvel Comics
        Marvel Worldwide, Inc., commonly referred to as Marvel Comics and formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, is an American company that publishes comic books and related media...

      • Icon Comics
        Icon Comics
        Icon Comics is an imprint of Marvel Comics for creator-owned titles, designed to keep select "A-list" creators producing for Marvel rather than seeing them take creator-owned work to other publishers.-History:...

      • MAX
        MAX (comics)
        MAX is an imprint of Marvel Comics aimed at a niche 'adults only' audience, launched in 2001 after Marvel broke with the Comics Code Authority and established its own rating system...

      • Ultimate Comics
        Ultimate Marvel
        Ultimate Marvel is an imprint of comic books published by Marvel Comics, featuring reimagined and updated versions of the company's superhero characters, including Spider-Man, the X-Men, the Avengers, and the Fantastic Four. The imprint was launched in 2000 with the publication of the series...

      • Marvel Press
        Marvel Press
        Marvel Press is the prose novel imprint for Marvel Comics jointly published with Disney Books.-History:In 2003, following publication of the prose young adult novel Mary Jane, starring Mary Jane Watson from the Spider-Man mythos, Marvel announced the formation of the publishing imprint Marvel...

    • Marvel Toys
      Marvel Toys
      Marvel Toys is the toy division of Marvel Entertainment, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company....

       division
    • Marvel Toys Limited (Hong Kong)
    • MVL Development LLC (Delaware)
    • Marvel Entertainment International Limited (United Kingdom)
    • Marvel Internet Productions LLC (Delaware)
    • Marvel Property, Inc. (Delaware)
    • MRV, Inc. (Delaware)
    • MVL International C.V. (The Netherlands)

  • It's a Laugh Productions
  • Jetix Animation Concepts
    Jetix Animation Concepts
    Jetix Concept Animation was an American brand owned by The Walt Disney Company. Its programming was previously seen on ABC Family and Toon Disney; some, soon to be one, of these programs can now be seen on Jetix's successor in the US, Disney XD....

  • Silver Creek Pictures, Inc.
  • Catalyst Investments, LLC
    • POW! Entertainment - 10% of the outstanding shares of stock
  • BVS Entertainment

Dormant or Shuttered Disney businesses

The following companies are subsidiaries of Disney that either are no longer active or have been absorbed into another part of the company.
  • Arena Football League - ESPN bought a minority share of the league in December 2006; the league ceased operations in July 2009.
  • Cal Publishing — Cal Publishing was a subsidiary created by Disney to acquire the assets of CrossGen
    CrossGen
    Cross Generation Entertainment, or CrossGen, was an American comic book publisher that operated from 1998 to 2004.CrossGen Comics, Inc. was founded in 1998, by Tampa, Florida-based entrepreneur Mark Alessi who sought to create a comic book universe that was uniquely varied but also connected by a...

    . After the acquisition, both companies were folded into Disney Publishing Worldwide
    Disney Publishing Worldwide
    Disney Publishing Worldwide is the publishing group controlled by The Walt Disney Company. Its imprints include Disney Editions, Hyperion Books for Children and Disney Press. Through this group, Disney gets the royalties for any kind of licensed publication. The current President is R...

    . Disney subsidiary Marvel Comics
    Marvel Comics
    Marvel Worldwide, Inc., commonly referred to as Marvel Comics and formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, is an American company that publishes comic books and related media...

     has since announced that it will revive CrossGen as an imprint.
  • Hollywood Basic — A sub-label of Hollywood Records
    Hollywood Records
    Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by Disney Music Group, a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company.-History:Hollywood Records was founded in 1989 by then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner with the idea of expanding the music operations of the company and to develop and promote...

     that released rap music (including music by DJ Shadow and Organized Konfusion). The label was discontinued in the mid 1990s.
  • Miramax Zoe — A division of Miramax Films
    Miramax Films
    Miramax Films is an American entertainment company known for distributing independent and foreign films. For its first 14 years the company was privately owned by its founders, Bob and Harvey Weinstein...

     (when Disney used to own Miramax before they sold it to Filmyard Holdings, LLC) and Buena Vista International that was created to acquire and release French films in the U.S. The label has not been used since Amélie
    Amélie
    Amélie is a 2001 romantic comedy film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet. Written by Jeunet with Guillaume Laurant, the film is a whimsical depiction of contemporary Parisian life, set in Montmartre...

     (2001).
  • ABC Films — A division of ABC, Inc.
    American Broadcasting Company
    The American Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. Its first broadcast on television was in 1948...

     that distributed first-run and off-network TV programming to television stations and networks worldwide. Majority of the backlog is currently controlled by CBS Television Studios through Spelling Entertainment Group
    Spelling Television
    Spelling Television Inc. was a television production company that produced popular shows such as Charmed, Beverly Hills, 90210, 7th Heaven, Dynasty and Melrose Place. The company was founded by television producer Aaron Spelling in 1969...

    .
  • ABC Pictures Corp. / ABC Motion Pictures — A division of ABC, Inc. that produced and distributed a number of films theatrically. The division became inactive before the acquisition of Capital Cities/ABC by Disney, but its library was brought into Disney through the acquisition. In 2003, Buena Vista Home Entertainment licensed most of the ABC theatrical titles out to MGM
    Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
    Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of films and television programs. MGM was founded in 1924 when the entertainment entrepreneur Marcus Loew gained control of Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures Corporation and Louis B. Mayer...

     for home entertainment distribution. That deal expired in 2008 and the distribution rights have transferred back to Disney.
  • ABC Circle Films / ABC Productions — A division of ABC, Inc. that produced both film and television series for ABC. Upon the acquisition by Disney, ABC Circle Films and its library were absorbed into ABC Studios (at the time, Touchstone Television).
  • ABC Kids
    ABC Kids
    ABC Kids may refer to:* ABC Kids, a former name for children's programming block run by ABC Television in Australia** ABC Kids Channel, a defunct digital TV channel from ABC Television...

     / Replaced by Litton's weekend adventure.
  • Club Disney
    Club Disney
    Club Disney was a regional children's play center concept operated by Disney Regional Entertainment. Club Disney was billed as "imagination-powered playsite". The first Club Disney opened in Thousand Oaks, California. In February 1998, another club was built at the Eastland Shopping Center in...

     - A creation of Disney Regional Entertainment, Club Disney had 5 locations built in the U.S. All 5 locations were closed in November 1999.
  • Discovery Island - Part of the Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort
    Walt Disney World Resort , is the world's most-visited entertaimental resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida ; approximately southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels Walt...

    , Discover Island offered a look at wildlife from its opening in 1974 until its close in 1999.
  • Disney Magazine
    Disney Magazine
    Disney Magazine was an official Disney magazine that was published quarterly from December 1965 to April 2005.-History:The magazine began life as the Disney News on December 1, 1965. The first issue was 16 pages long, and the cover showed Walt Disney surrounded by several costumed characters in...

     - A magazine publication that gave die-hard Disney fans an inside look at the company. This title was in publication from December 1965 until April 2005. A similar online magazine called the Disney Insider was said to take its place.
  • Disney Regional Entertainment - Ran Disney Quest and the ESPN Zone
    ESPN Zone
    ESPN Zone is a Southern California-based chain of two sports-themed restaurants that include arcades, TV studios, and radio studios that are currently franchised, but formally owned by the American cable network ESPN. The first ESPN Zone opened in Baltimore, Maryland, on July 11, 1998, in the Power...

     Restaurant/entertainment chains. The division was closed in June of 2010. Two ESPN Zones remain operating, but now as local franchises.
  • ImageMovers Digital
    ImageMovers Digital
    ImageMovers Digital is a digital film studio run by director Robert Zemeckis and originally owned by The Walt Disney Company, later Universal Studios...

     - Closed in 2011 after the abysmal opening of Mars Needs Moms.
  • Infoseek Corporation
    Infoseek
    Infoseek was a popular search engine founded in 1994 by Steve Kirsch.Infoseek was originally operated by the Infoseek Corporation, headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. Infoseek was bought by The Walt Disney Company in 1998, and the technology was merged with that of the Disney-acquired Starwave...

     - Acquired by Disney in 1998 and merged into Disney's GO Network. The Infoseek name is no longer in use.
  • Jumbo Pictures — Acquired by Disney in 1996, Jumbo Pictures produced Doug
    Doug
    Doug is an American animated sitcom created by Jim Jinkins and co-produced by his studio, Jumbo Pictures . Doug centers on the surreal and imaginative exploits of its title character, Douglas "Doug" Funnie, who experiences common predicaments while attending middle school. The series lampoons...

    , 101 Dalmatians: The Series
    101 Dalmatians: The Series
    101 Dalmatians: The Series is a animated television series produced by the Walt Disney Company based on the classic 1961 Disney animated feature of the same name and its 1996 live-action remake.-Premise:...

    , and PB&J Otter
    PB&J Otter
    PB&J Otter is an animated children's series which premiered on Playhouse Disney on March 15, 1998. A total of 65 episodes were produced during the course of its three season run, with the "farewell" episode airing on September 24, 2000. The series centered on the Otter family who lived in the rural...

     for Disney. The company was folded into Walt Disney Television Animation
    Walt Disney Television Animation
    Disney Television Animation is an American animation studio that is the TV animation production arm of the Disney-ABC Television Group, owned by The Walt Disney Company, dedicated to creating, developing and producing animated television series, films, specials and other projects.Established in...

    .
  • Propaganda Games
    Propaganda Games
    Propaganda Games was a video game development studio based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada which was formed in 2005. Owned by Disney Interactive Studios, the interactive division of Buena Vista, the studio was formed by former employees of EA Canada, including Josh Holmes, Howard Donaldson,...

     - Shuttered in January 2011 after the development of Tron: Evolution
    Tron: Evolution
    Tron: Evolution is a third-person action-adventure, tie-in video game for the film Tron: Legacy by Propaganda Games, published by Disney Interactive. It was officially announced at the Spike Video Game Awards and was released for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable and Xbox...

     was completed, and Pirates of the Caribbean: Armada of the Damned
    Pirates of the Caribbean: Armada of the Damned
    Pirates of the Caribbean: Armada of the Damned was an action role-playing video game in development by Propaganda Games to be published by Disney Interactive Studios for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows...

     was canceled.
  • Starwave
    Starwave
    Starwave was a Seattle, Washington based software and website company, founded in 1993 by Paul Allen, co-founder of Microsoft. The company produced many original CD-ROM titles, including disks for Clint Eastwood, Sting, and Peter Gabriel...

     - Starwave was merged with Infoseek and acquired by Disney in 1998 to form GO Network. Starwave no longer operates as a stand alone business. The label was recently resurrected to form Disney's Starwave Mobile which licenses content from third party companies for cell phone content.
  • Talk
    Talk (magazine)
    Talk was an American magazine published from 1999 to 2001.When it was launched as a joint venture between Miramax and Hearst Publishing, under the editorship of Tina Brown , it generated notoriety for its celebrity profiles and interviews...

     - A failed magazine publication venture between Miramax Films and Tina Brown
    Tina Brown
    Tina Brown, Lady Evans, CBE , is a journalist, magazine editor, columnist, talk-show host and author of The Diana Chronicles, a biography of Diana, Princess of Wales. Born a British citizen, she took United States citizenship in 2005 after emigrating in 1984 to edit Vanity Fair...

    launched in 1999 and shuttered in 2001.
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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