The International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) is an association including 12,000 psychoanalysts as members and works with 70 constituent organizations. It was founded in 1910 by Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...

, on an idea proposed by Sándor Ferenczi

Sándor Ferenczi

Sándor Ferenczi was a Hungarian psychoanalyst, a key theorist of the psychoanalytic school and a close associate of Sigmund Freud.-Biography:...

. Its first President was Carl Jung

Carl Jung

Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and the founder of Analytical Psychology. Jung is considered the first modern psychiatrist to view the human psyche as "by nature religious" and make it the focus of exploration. Jung is one of the best known researchers in the field of dream analysis and...

 and its first Secretary was Otto Rank

Otto Rank

Otto Rank was an Austrian psychoanalyst, writer, teacher and therapist. Born in Vienna as Otto Rosenfeld, he was one of Sigmund Freud's closest colleagues for 20 years, a prolific writer on psychoanalytic themes, an editor of the two most important analytic journals, managing director of Freud's...

.

The IPA is the world’s primary accrediting and regulatory body for psychoanalysis. Its mission is to assure the continued vigour and development of psychoanalysis for the benefit of psychoanalytic patients.

The IPA's aims include creating new psychoanalytic groups, stimulating debate, conducting research, developing training policies and establishing links with other bodies. It organizes a large biennial Congress which is open to all.

History of IPA

In 1902 Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...

 started to meet every week with colleagues to discuss his work and so Psychological Wednesday Society was born. By 1908 there were 14 regular members and some guests including Max Eitingon, Carl Gustav Jung, Karl Abraham

Karl Abraham

-Further reading:* Freud, S. . Mourning and Melancholia. Standard Edition, 14, 305-307.* May-Tolzmann, U. . The Discovery of the Bad Mother: Abraham’s contribution to the theory of Depression...

, and Ernest Jones

Ernest Jones

Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...

, all future Presidents of the IPA.
Society became the Vienna Psychoanalytical Society.
In 1907 Jones suggested to Jung that an international meeting should be arranged and Freud welcomed the proposal. Meeting took place in Salzburg

Salzburg

-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...

, on 27 April 1908 and Jung named it the "First Congress for Freudian Psychology" and it is later reckoned to be the first International Psychoanalytical Congress, even so the IPA had not yet been founded.

IPA was established at the next Congress held at Nuremberg

Nuremberg

Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...

 in March 1910. Sigmund Freud considered an international organization to be essential to advance his ideas. In 1914 Freud published a paper entitled The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement.

Regional Organizations of the IPA

• Brazilian Federation of Psychoanalysis
• Confederation of Independent Psychoanalytic Societies
• European Psychoanalytical Federation
• Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies of Latin America - FEPAL
• North American Psychoanalytic Confederation

Allied Centres of the IPA

• Korean Psychoanalytic Allied Centre
• Psychoanalysis Studying Center in China
• Taiwan Center for The Development of Psychoanalysis
• The Center for Psychoanalytic Studies of Panama

Constituent Organizations of the IPA

Constituent Organisations
Europe including Australia, India and Israel

• Argentine Psychoanalytic Association
• Argentine Psychoanalytic Society
• Australian Psychoanalytical Society
• Belgian Psychoanalytical Society
• Belgrade Psychoanalytical Society
• Brasília Psychoanalytic Society
• Brazilian Psychoanalytic Society of Rio de Janeiro
• Brazilian Psychoanalytic Society of São Paulo
• Brazilian Psychoanalytical Society of Porto Alegre
• Brazilian Psychoanalytical Society of Ribeirão Preto
• British Psychoanalytic Association
• British Psychoanalytical Society
• Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic Association
• Canadian Psychoanalytic Society
• Caracas Psychoanalytic Society
• Chilean Psychoanalytic Association
• Colombian Psychoanalytic Association
• Colombian Psychoanalytic Society
• Cordoba Psychoanalytic Society
• Czech Psychoanalytical Society
• Danish Psychoanalytical Society
• Dutch Psychoanalytical Association
• Dutch Psychoanalytical Group
• Dutch Psychoanalytical Society
• Finnish Psychoanalytical Society
• French Psychoanalytical Association
• Freudian Psychoanalytical Society of Colombia
• German Psychoanalytical Association
• German Psychoanalytical Society
• Hellenic Psycho-Analytical Society
• Hungarian Psychoanalytical Society
• Indian Psychoanalytical Society
• Institute for Psychoanalytic Training and Research
• Israel Psychoanalytic Society
• Italian Psychoanalytical Association
• Italian Psychoanalytical Society
• Japan Psychoanalytic Society
• Los Angeles Institute and Society for Psychoanalytic Studies
• Madrid Psychoanalytical Association
• Mato Grosso do Sul Psychoanalytical Society
• Mendoza Psychoanalytic Society
• Mexican Assn for Psychoanalytic Practice, Training & Research
• Mexican Psychoanalytic Association
• Monterrey Psychoanalytic Association
• New York Freudian Society
• Northwestern Psychoanalytic Society
• Norwegian Psychoanalytic Society
• Paris Psychoanalytical Society
• Pelotas Psychoanalytic Society
• Peru Psychoanalytic Society
• Polish Psychoanalytical Society
• Porto Alegre Psychoanalytical Society
• Portuguese Psychoanalytical Society
• Psychoanalytic Center of California
• Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern California
• Psychoanalytic Society of Mexico
• Psychoanalytical Association of The State of Rio De Janeiro
• Recife Psychoanalytic Society
• Rio de Janeiro Psychoanalytic Society
• Rosario Psychoanalytic Association
• Spanish Psychoanalytical Society
• Swedish Psychoanalytical Association
• Swiss Psychoanalytical Society
• Uruguayan Psychoanalytical Association
• Venezuelan Psychoanalytic Association
• Vienna Psychoanalytic Society

IPA Study Groups

• Campinas Psychoanalytical Study Group
• Center for Psychoanalytic Education and Research
• Croatian Psychoanalytic Study Group
• Fortaleza Psychoanalytic Group
• Goiania Psychoanalytic Nucleus
• Korean Psychoanalytic Study Group
• Latvia and Estonia Psychoanalytic Study Group
• Lebanese Association for the Development of Psychoanalysis
• Minas Gerais Psychoanalytical Study Group
• Portuguese Nucleus of Psychoanalysis
• Psychoanalytical Association of Asuncion SG
• South African Psychoanalytic Association
• Study Group of Turkey: Psike Istanbul
• Turkish Psychoanalytical Group
• Vermont Psychoanalytic Study Group
• Vilnius Society of Psychoanalysts

Provisional Societies of the IPA

• Guadalajara Psychoanalytic Association (Provisional Society)
• Moscow Psychoanalytic Society (Provisional Society)
• Psychoanalytic Society for Research and Training (Provisional Society)
• Romanian Society for Psychoanalysis (Provisional Society)
• Vienna Psychoanalytic Association

International Congresses

The first 23 Congresses of IPA did not have a specific theme.

Number	Year	City	President	Theme
1	1908	Salzburg Salzburg -Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...
2	1910	Nuremberg Nuremberg Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...	C. G. Jung
3	1911	Weimar Weimar Weimar is a city in Germany famous for its cultural heritage. It is located in the federal state of Thuringia , north of the Thüringer Wald, east of Erfurt, and southwest of Halle and Leipzig. Its current population is approximately 65,000. The oldest record of the city dates from the year 899...	C. G. Jung
4	1913	Munich Munich Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...	C. G. Jung
5	1918	Budapest Budapest Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...	Karl Abraham Karl Abraham -Further reading:* Freud, S. . Mourning and Melancholia. Standard Edition, 14, 305-307.* May-Tolzmann, U. . The Discovery of the Bad Mother: Abraham’s contribution to the theory of Depression...
6	1920	The Hague The Hague The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...	Sándor Ferenczi Sándor Ferenczi Sándor Ferenczi was a Hungarian psychoanalyst, a key theorist of the psychoanalytic school and a close associate of Sigmund Freud.-Biography:...
7	1922	Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
8	1924	Salzburg Salzburg -Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
9	1925	Bad Homburg Bad Homburg Bad Homburg vor der Höhe is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, Germany, on the southern slope of the Taunus, bordering among others Frankfurt am Main and Oberursel...	Abraham Karl Abraham -Further reading:* Freud, S. . Mourning and Melancholia. Standard Edition, 14, 305-307.* May-Tolzmann, U. . The Discovery of the Bad Mother: Abraham’s contribution to the theory of Depression... /Eitingon
10	1927	Innsbruck Innsbruck - Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus...	Max Eitingon
11	1929	Oxford Oxford The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...	Max Eitingon
12	1932	Wiesbaden Wiesbaden Wiesbaden is a city in southwest Germany and the capital of the federal state of Hesse. It has about 275,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 10,000 United States citizens...	Max Eitingon
13	1934	Lucerne Lucerne Lucerne is a city in north-central Switzerland, in the German-speaking portion of that country. Lucerne is the capital of the Canton of Lucerne and the capital of the district of the same name. With a population of about 76,200 people, Lucerne is the most populous city in Central Switzerland, and...	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
14	1936	Marienbad	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
15	1938	Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
16	1949	Zürich Zürich Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...	Ernest Jones Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones was a British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world where, as President of both the British Psycho-Analytical...
17	1951	Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...	Leo Bartemeier
18	1953	London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...	Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann , was a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. He is considered one of the founders and principal representantives of ego psychology.-Life:...
19	1955	Geneva Geneva Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...	Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann , was a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. He is considered one of the founders and principal representantives of ego psychology.-Life:...
20	1957	Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...	Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann Heinz Hartmann , was a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. He is considered one of the founders and principal representantives of ego psychology.-Life:...
21	1959	Copenhagen Copenhagen Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...	William H. Gillespie
22	1961	Edinburgh Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a rural area...	William H. Gillespie
23	1963	Stockholm Stockholm Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...	Maxwell Gitelson
24	1965	Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...	Gillespie/Greenacre Phyllis Greenacre Phyllis Greenacre MD was an American psychoanalyst and physician who was a supervising and training analyst at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.-References:...	Psychoanalytic Treatment of the Obsessional Neurosis
25	1967	Copenhagen Copenhagen Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...	P.J. van der Leeuw	On Acting Out and its Role in the Psychoanalytic Process
26	1969	Rome Rome Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...	P.J. van der Leeuw	New Developments in Psychoanalysis
27	1971	Vienna Vienna Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...	Leo Rangell Leo Rangell Leo Rangell was an American psychoanalyst and clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of California. He was also twice president of the International Psychoanalytical Association and the American Psychoanalytic Association, and was accorded the title "Honorary President" in 1997...	The Psychoanalytical Concept of Aggression
28	1973	Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...	Leo Rangell Leo Rangell Leo Rangell was an American psychoanalyst and clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of California. He was also twice president of the International Psychoanalytical Association and the American Psychoanalytic Association, and was accorded the title "Honorary President" in 1997...	Transference and Hysteria Today
29	1975	London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...	Serge Lebovici	Changes in Psychoanalytic Practice and Experience
30	1977	Jerusalem	Serge Lebovici	Affects and the Psychoanalytic Situation
31	1979	New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...	Edward D. Joseph	Clinical Issues in Psychoanalysis
32	1981	Helsinki Helsinki Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...	Edward D. Joseph	Early Psychic Development as Reflected in the Psychoanalytic Process
33	1983	Madrid Madrid Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...	Adam Limentani	The Psychoanalyst at Work
34	1985	Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...	Adam Limentani	Identification and its Vicissitudes
35	1987	Montreal Montreal Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...	Robert S. Wallerstein Robert S. Wallerstein Robert S. Wallerstein is a prominent American psychoanalyst. He has headed the Psychotherapy Research Project of the Menninger Foundation and has been president of the International Psychoanalytical Association.-Writings :...	Analysis Terminable and Interminable – 50 Years Later
36	1989	Rome Rome Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...	Robert S. Wallerstein Robert S. Wallerstein Robert S. Wallerstein is a prominent American psychoanalyst. He has headed the Psychotherapy Research Project of the Menninger Foundation and has been president of the International Psychoanalytical Association.-Writings :...	Common Ground in Psychoanalysis
37	1991	Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...	Joseph Sandler	Psychic Change
38	1993	Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...	Joseph Sandler	The Psychoanalyst’s Mind – From Listening to Interpretation
39	1995	San Francisco	R. Horacio Etchegoyen	Psychic Reality – Its Impact on the Analyst and Patient Today
40	1997	Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...	R. Horacio Etchegoyen	Psychoanalysis and Sexuality
41	1999	Santiago Santiago, Chile Santiago , also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile, and the center of its largest conurbation . It is located in the country's central valley, at an elevation of above mean sea level...	Otto F. Kernberg Otto F. Kernberg Otto Friedmann Kernberg is a psychoanalyst and professor of psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College. He is most widely known for his psychoanalytic theories on borderline personality organization and narcissistic pathology...	Affect in Theory and Practice
42	2001	Nice Nice Nice is the fifth most populous city in France, after Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Toulouse, with a population of 348,721 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of more than 955,000 on an area of...	Otto F. Kernberg Otto F. Kernberg Otto Friedmann Kernberg is a psychoanalyst and professor of psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College. He is most widely known for his psychoanalytic theories on borderline personality organization and narcissistic pathology...	Psychoanalysis – Method and Application
43	2004	New Orleans	Daniel Widlöcher	Working at the Frontiers
44	2005	Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...	Daniel Widlöcher	Trauma: New Developments in Psychoanalysis
45	2007	Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...	Cláudio Laks Eizirik	Remembering, Repeating and Working Through in Psychoanalysis & Culture Today
46	2009	Chicago Chicago Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...	Cláudio Laks Eizirik	Psychoanalytic Practice - Convergences and Divergences
47	2011	Mexico City Mexico City Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...	Charles Hanly	Exploring Core Concepts: Sexuality, Dreams and the Unconscious
48	2013	Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...	Charles Hanly

External links

• Organization website: International Psychoanalytical Association