Hanworth, Norfolk
Encyclopedia
Hanworth is a village and a civil parish in the English
county of Norfolk
. The village is 18.8 miles (30.3 km) north of Norwich
, 5.4 miles (8.7 km) south-west of Cromer
and 133 miles (214 km) north-east of London
. The nearest railway station is in the town of Cromer
where access to the national rail network can be made via the Bittern Line
to Norwich. The nearest airport is Norwich International Airport
.The parish had in 2001 census
, a population of 169. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district
of North Norfolk
.
of 1085. In the great book Hanworth is recorded by the name Hagan(a)worda. The main landholders being Roger Bigot
The survey also mentions that there were two mills, 8 beehives,5 cobs and 24 cattle.
period during the reign of Henry VIII
and probably before then, the principal landowners of the parish were the Doughty Family. The family home, Hanworth Hall was the Doughtys residence from the 15th to the 18th century. The hall was rebuilt after a fire in 1686. Within the grounds of the hall there is a notable Spanish chestnut tree which is thought to be over 300 years old.
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The parish church of Saint Bartholomews dates from the 14th century but parts of the building date from an earlier building. On the outside north wall of the chancel
there are traces of Saxon
windows. On the eastern elevation, the east window dates from between 1290 and 1350. The Nave and South aisles are of a later date. The windows are perpendicular in style and date from between 1350 and 1530, and small pieces of medieval stained glass can be seen in the top lights. The Clerestory
has an unusual arrangement of two windows to each arch. The tower is constructed from flint and has traceried sound holes and was built in the 15th century. The tower houses five bells. The font dates from before the present church and has a large bowl supported by four plain pillars. Hanging over the chancel arch there are the royal arms of Queen Anne
(1702–1714) and were adopted by the crown after the union
of England
and Scotland
in 1707. the church organ was built around 1865 by Father Henry Willis
of the famous London organ builders. It originally cost £70 and is the only miniature Father Willis organ in Norfolk.
.
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Hanworth Common lies between Cromer
and Aylsham
in North Norfolk. The name is derived from Hagana (the Dane who invaded Norfolk in 870 AD, and whose name was anglicised to Han), and 'worth' meaning waters, which relates to the two streams that enclose the parish - Hagon Beck
and Scarrow Beck
. The Weavers' Way from Cromer to Great Yarmouth
runs through the village.
The Common covers 35 acres (14.2 ha) protected by cattle grids, and is the largest such enclosed common in England.
The first maps of Hanworth Common go back to 1628, when the Doughty family bought the Manor of Hanworth from the Duke of Norfolk. They bought more land from the Earl of Surrey in 1690. At the time, there were three commons - Bell House Common, Hook Hill Common and Barn Stable Common - together constituting Hanworth Green.
In 1845, Hanworth Park, which did not include The Common, was bought by the Windham family of Felbrigg Hall.
In the 1860s Hanworth was a thriving community of about 230 people, and several artists (including Humphry Repton
and John Sell Cotman
) came to paint it. There were many businesses - a dressmaker, stonemason, blacksmith, and wood-carver. The blacksmiths was destroyed by a German bomb in 1940.
Hanworth Common has been managed by a committee since at least 1909, the earliest minutes that are held, and all residents had grazing rights
. In 1972 Hanworth Common was registered under the Commons Registration Act 1965, and, as there was no known owner, Possessory Title was granted to the Hanworth Commons Management Committee in 1974. The committee are responsible for managing The Common, and letting the grazing.
About 50 cattle now graze The Common from May to October.
In late 2004 Robert Harbord Hammond, youngest son of the 11th Baron of Suffield
, claimed ownership of Hanworth Common and attempted to charge residents of Hanworth to use the land. In October 2006 a court rejected his claim and ruled that the land belonged to the people of the village by virtue of adverse possession
.
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
county of Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk is a low-lying county in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast and to the north-west the county is bordered by The Wash. The county...
. The village is 18.8 miles (30.3 km) north of Norwich
Norwich
Norwich is a city in England. It is the regional administrative centre and county town of Norfolk. During the 11th century, Norwich was the largest city in England after London, and one of the most important places in the kingdom...
, 5.4 miles (8.7 km) south-west of Cromer
Cromer
Cromer is a coastal town and civil parish in north Norfolk, England. The local government authority is North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is in Holt Road in the town. The town is situated 23 miles north of the county town, Norwich, and is 4 miles east of Sheringham...
and 133 miles (214 km) north-east of London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. The nearest railway station is in the town of Cromer
Cromer
Cromer is a coastal town and civil parish in north Norfolk, England. The local government authority is North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is in Holt Road in the town. The town is situated 23 miles north of the county town, Norwich, and is 4 miles east of Sheringham...
where access to the national rail network can be made via the Bittern Line
Bittern Line
The Bittern Line is a railway line from Norwich to Cromer then Sheringham in Norfolk, England. It is one of the most scenic in the East of England traversing the Norfolk Broads on its route to the Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty on the North Norfolk Coast. The line is part of the Network Rail...
to Norwich. The nearest airport is Norwich International Airport
Norwich International Airport
Norwich International Airport , also known as Norwich Airport, is an airport in the City of Norwich within Norfolk, England north of the city centre and on the edge of the city's suburbs....
.The parish had in 2001 census
United Kingdom Census 2001
A nationwide census, known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday, 29 April 2001. This was the 20th UK Census and recorded a resident population of 58,789,194....
, a population of 169. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district
Non-metropolitan district
Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially shire districts, are a type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties in a so-called "two-tier" arrangement...
of North Norfolk
North Norfolk
North Norfolk is a local government district in Norfolk, United Kingdom. Its council is based in Cromer. The council headquarters can be found approximately out of the town of Cromer on the Holt Road.-History:...
.
History
Hanworth has an entry in the Domesday BookDomesday Book
Domesday Book , now held at The National Archives, Kew, Richmond upon Thames in South West London, is the record of the great survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086...
of 1085. In the great book Hanworth is recorded by the name Hagan(a)worda. The main landholders being Roger Bigot
Roger Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk
Roger Bigod was a Norman knight who came to England in the Norman Conquest. He held great power in East Anglia, and five of his descendants were Earl of Norfolk. He was also known as Roger Bigot, appearing as such as a witness to the Charter of Liberties of Henry I of England.-Biography:Roger came...
The survey also mentions that there were two mills, 8 beehives,5 cobs and 24 cattle.
Tudor period
In the TudorTudor dynasty
The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was a European royal house of Welsh origin that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms, including the Lordship of Ireland, later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1485 until 1603. Its first monarch was Henry Tudor, a descendant through his mother of a legitimised...
period during the reign of Henry VIII
Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
and probably before then, the principal landowners of the parish were the Doughty Family. The family home, Hanworth Hall was the Doughtys residence from the 15th to the 18th century. The hall was rebuilt after a fire in 1686. Within the grounds of the hall there is a notable Spanish chestnut tree which is thought to be over 300 years old.
The parish church of Saint Bartholomews
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
there are traces of Saxon
Anglo-Saxon architecture
Anglo-Saxon architecture was a period in the history of architecture in England, and parts of Wales, from the mid-5th century until the Norman Conquest of 1066. Anglo-Saxon secular buildings in Britain were generally simple, constructed mainly using timber with thatch for roofing...
windows. On the eastern elevation, the east window dates from between 1290 and 1350. The Nave and South aisles are of a later date. The windows are perpendicular in style and date from between 1350 and 1530, and small pieces of medieval stained glass can be seen in the top lights. The Clerestory
Clerestory
Clerestory is an architectural term that historically denoted an upper level of a Roman basilica or of the nave of a Romanesque or Gothic church, the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and are pierced with windows. In modern usage, clerestory refers to any high windows...
has an unusual arrangement of two windows to each arch. The tower is constructed from flint and has traceried sound holes and was built in the 15th century. The tower houses five bells. The font dates from before the present church and has a large bowl supported by four plain pillars. Hanging over the chancel arch there are the royal arms of Queen Anne
Anne of Great Britain
Anne ascended the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702. On 1 May 1707, under the Act of Union, two of her realms, England and Scotland, were united as a single sovereign state, the Kingdom of Great Britain.Anne's Catholic father, James II and VII, was deposed during the...
(1702–1714) and were adopted by the crown after the union
Acts of Union 1707
The Acts of Union were two Parliamentary Acts - the Union with Scotland Act passed in 1706 by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland - which put into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union that had been agreed on 22 July 1706,...
of England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
and Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
in 1707. the church organ was built around 1865 by Father Henry Willis
Henry Willis
Henry Willis was a British organ player and builder, who is regarded as the foremost organ builder of the Victorian era.-Early Life and work:...
of the famous London organ builders. It originally cost £70 and is the only miniature Father Willis organ in Norfolk.
.
A brief history of Hanworth Common
Cromer
Cromer is a coastal town and civil parish in north Norfolk, England. The local government authority is North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is in Holt Road in the town. The town is situated 23 miles north of the county town, Norwich, and is 4 miles east of Sheringham...
and Aylsham
Aylsham
Aylsham is a historic market town and civil parish on the River Bure in north Norfolk, England, about north of Norwich. The river rises near Melton Constable, upstream from Aylsham and continues to Great Yarmouth and the North Sea, although it was only made navigable after 1779, allowing grain,...
in North Norfolk. The name is derived from Hagana (the Dane who invaded Norfolk in 870 AD, and whose name was anglicised to Han), and 'worth' meaning waters, which relates to the two streams that enclose the parish - Hagon Beck
Hagon Beck
Hagon Beck is a minor watercourse which rises in the north of the English county of Norfolk. It falls into Great Lake in Gunton Park, which in turn feeds Suffield Beck. Suffield Beck is a tributary of Blackwater Beck which in turn joins the River Bure. Its spring is a little north of the North...
and Scarrow Beck
Scarrow Beck
Scarrow Beck is a minor watercourse which rises in the north of the English county of Norfolk. It is a tributary of the River Bure. It's spring is in the North Norfolk village of Aylmerton west of the main street. It eventually merges, after with the River Bure at Ingworth just north of the...
. The Weavers' Way from Cromer to Great Yarmouth
Great Yarmouth
Great Yarmouth, often known to locals as Yarmouth, is a coastal town in Norfolk, England. It is at the mouth of the River Yare, east of Norwich.It has been a seaside resort since 1760, and is the gateway from the Norfolk Broads to the sea...
runs through the village.
The Common covers 35 acres (14.2 ha) protected by cattle grids, and is the largest such enclosed common in England.
The first maps of Hanworth Common go back to 1628, when the Doughty family bought the Manor of Hanworth from the Duke of Norfolk. They bought more land from the Earl of Surrey in 1690. At the time, there were three commons - Bell House Common, Hook Hill Common and Barn Stable Common - together constituting Hanworth Green.
In 1845, Hanworth Park, which did not include The Common, was bought by the Windham family of Felbrigg Hall.
In the 1860s Hanworth was a thriving community of about 230 people, and several artists (including Humphry Repton
Humphry Repton
Humphry Repton was the last great English landscape designer of the eighteenth century, often regarded as the successor to Capability Brown; he also sowed the seeds of the more intricate and eclectic styles of the 19th century...
and John Sell Cotman
John Sell Cotman
John Sell Cotman was an English marine and landscape painter, etcher, illustrator and author, one of the leading lights of the Norwich school of artists.-Early life and work:...
) came to paint it. There were many businesses - a dressmaker, stonemason, blacksmith, and wood-carver. The blacksmiths was destroyed by a German bomb in 1940.
Hanworth Common has been managed by a committee since at least 1909, the earliest minutes that are held, and all residents had grazing rights
Grazing rights
Grazing rights is a legal term referring to the right of a user to allow their livestock to feed in a given area.- United States :...
. In 1972 Hanworth Common was registered under the Commons Registration Act 1965, and, as there was no known owner, Possessory Title was granted to the Hanworth Commons Management Committee in 1974. The committee are responsible for managing The Common, and letting the grazing.
About 50 cattle now graze The Common from May to October.
In late 2004 Robert Harbord Hammond, youngest son of the 11th Baron of Suffield
Baron Suffield
Baron Suffield, of Suffield in the County of Norfolk, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1786 for Sir Harbord Harbord, 2nd Baronet, who had previously represented Norwich in the House of Commons for thirty years...
, claimed ownership of Hanworth Common and attempted to charge residents of Hanworth to use the land. In October 2006 a court rejected his claim and ruled that the land belonged to the people of the village by virtue of adverse possession
Adverse possession
Adverse possession is a process by which premises can change ownership. It is a common law concept concerning the title to real property . By adverse possession, title to another's real property can be acquired without compensation, by holding the property in a manner that conflicts with the true...
.