Eissen
Encyclopedia
Eissen is a Westphalia
n village with 718 inhabitants in North Rhine-Westphalia
and part of the town of Willebadessen
, district Höxter
in the administrative region
of Detmold
.
time) during the High Middle Ages' name Heisten to today 's form Eissen.
Concerning the meaning of each name there are different theories, but none of them is proven:
was designed and introduced in 1996. Initiated by the St. Liborius
Schützenverein
, the coat of arms itself should integrate the so called Taufsteinwappen, an old coat of arms on the church's baptismal font
, and symbols that represent the patron Saint Liborius.
The Taufsteinwappen, placed in the bottom part's centre, is headed by the lettering "1080", because for that year a monastery farm of Corvey Abbey
is proven for the first time in Eissen. The Latin words "Villa Aeissun" at the bottom belong to a deed which was written in the monastery of Helmarshausen
. In this deed Eissen was mentioned. In the middle part are three green bows, which point to the chaplet of tilia
which is found in front of Eissen's church.
, to the southeast Lütgeneder, to the south Großender, to the southwest Engar and Deppenhöfen and to the west Löwen.
, but also to Sweden
and the Caribbean
.
Höxter
in the Archdiocese of Paderborn. The Lutherans belongs to the Lutheran Church of Peckelsheim.
by one direct member. Since the last local election in September 2004, three people from Eissen are members of the city council (CDU
: 2, SPD
:1).
Many of the Eisseners are working in the cities Warburg, Brakel
, Höxter and Beverungen
.
. In the other direction, the L763 leads to Borgentreich, where access is provided to the B 241. In Warburg and Paderborn there are regional railway hubs with possibility of intercity services, also in Willebadessen is a regional railway stop and in Brakel
is a regional railway system stop. Paderborn Lippstadt Airport
is 50 km distant.
Westphalia
Westphalia is a region in Germany, centred on the cities of Arnsberg, Bielefeld, Dortmund, Minden and Münster.Westphalia is roughly the region between the rivers Rhine and Weser, located north and south of the Ruhr River. No exact definition of borders can be given, because the name "Westphalia"...
n village with 718 inhabitants in North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
and part of the town of Willebadessen
Willebadessen
Willebadessen is a town in Höxter district and Detmold region in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.- Location :Willebadessen lies on the eastern edge of the Eggegebirge about 25 km southeast of Paderborn, and is crossed by the little river Nethe, which rises in the neighbouring community of Bad...
, district Höxter
Höxter (district)
Höxter is a Kreis in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Holzminden, Northeim, Kassel, Waldeck-Frankenberg, Hochsauerland, Paderborn, and Lippe.-History:...
in the administrative region
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
of Detmold
Detmold (region)
The Regierungsbezirk Detmold is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-east of the state...
.
Name
Eissen has passed through a long evolution. Starting in the early Middle Ages with Aieshusun (the ending -husun points to SaxonSaxons
The Saxons were a confederation of Germanic tribes originating on the North German plain. The Saxons earliest known area of settlement is Northern Albingia, an area approximately that of modern Holstein...
time) during the High Middle Ages' name Heisten to today 's form Eissen.
- Aieshusun
- (Villa) Aeissun, Agissun, Agissen
- Heisten
- Eysne, Eyessen, Eisne, Eisenen, Eyhsen, Eihsen, Eißen
- Eissen
Concerning the meaning of each name there are different theories, but none of them is proven:
- Aeissun should descend to Asigsheim. Asig should be thereby a dependence to the Germanic gods family of the ÆsirÆsirIn Old Norse, áss is the term denoting a member of the principal pantheon in Norse paganism. This pantheon includes Odin, Frigg, Thor, Baldr and Tyr. The second pantheon comprises the Vanir...
, wherefore Eissen should be named as a holy place. Following this theory , the meadow name Hibbeke means Hillige-Bicke (holy bicke). Indeed the denotation Asigsheim/Eissen was not found in any deed, although the ending -heim points to Frankish time, furthermore no archaeological evidence was found. - In the old Saxon language Ey (Ei) denotes a place which is located in a damp and watery terrain, or rather sticks out of such a terrain as a dry landmass. Eissen is surrounded in the north by a watery terrain at the source pond / Hibbeke pond and the Siek creek, in the west by the Eggel river and in the south by the millstream. Consequently, the name could mean that Eissen sticks out of a damp and watery terrain.
Coat of arms
The coat of armsCoat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
was designed and introduced in 1996. Initiated by the St. Liborius
Saint Liborius
Liborius of Le Mans was the second Bishop of Le Mans. He is the patron saint of the cathedral and archdiocese of Paderborn in Germany. The year of his birth is unknown; he died in 397, reputedly on 23 July.-Le Mans and Paderborn:...
Schützenverein
Schützenverein
A Schützenverein is in German language countries a voluntary association featuring sport-shooting either on Olympic levels or historic weapons....
, the coat of arms itself should integrate the so called Taufsteinwappen, an old coat of arms on the church's baptismal font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
, and symbols that represent the patron Saint Liborius.
The Taufsteinwappen, placed in the bottom part's centre, is headed by the lettering "1080", because for that year a monastery farm of Corvey Abbey
Corvey Abbey
The Imperial Abbey of Corvey was a Benedictine monastery on the River Weser, 2 km northeast of Höxter, now in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany....
is proven for the first time in Eissen. The Latin words "Villa Aeissun" at the bottom belong to a deed which was written in the monastery of Helmarshausen
Helmarshausen
Helmarshausen is a borough of the city of Bad Karlshafen in Hesse, central Germany. It was formerly the location of Helmarshausen Abbey, an Imperial abbey of the Holy Roman Empire....
. In this deed Eissen was mentioned. In the middle part are three green bows, which point to the chaplet of tilia
Tilia
Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The greatest species diversity is found in Asia, and the genus also occurs in Europe and eastern North America, but not western North America...
which is found in front of Eissen's church.
Geographical position
Eissen is located at the northern border of the Warburger Börde at a gently inclined place. While the railway station is at an altitude of 221 metres, the Eissener Höhe in the north between Peckelsheim and Eissen rises to 247 metres. To the south of the railway station the terrain falls as far as the church and further to the lower village. In the southwest a volcanic hill rises up 250 metres , the Hüssenberg.Neighbouring places
To the northwest lies Peckelsheim, to the north Schweckhausen, Willegassen and Schönthal, to the east BorgentreichBorgentreich
Borgentreich is a municipality in Höxter district in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.- Geography :Borgentreich lies roughly 20 km south of Brakel and 10 km northeast of Warburg....
, to the southeast Lütgeneder, to the south Großender, to the southwest Engar and Deppenhöfen and to the west Löwen.
History
- Between 1001 and 1010 Aieshusun is mentioned in the beneficence register of the free ReichsabtReichsabtImperial abbeys were religious houses within the Holy Roman Empire which for some period during their existence had the status of Reichsunmittelbarkeit : that is, such houses were answerable directly to the Emperor and were thus sovereign territories , independent of other lordships...
ei Corvey. - About the year 1080 a monastery farm is listed in a deed of Corvey Abbey.
- Between 1000 and 1100 a stone church was built, sanctified to Saint Liborius. This was an initiative of the diocese of Paderborn. The church became a parish churchParish churchA parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
and Eissen a parishParishA parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
. - 1447 BohemiaBohemiaBohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
n mercenaries on their way back from the siege of SoestSoest, GermanySoest is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the capital of the Soest district. After Lippstadt, a neighbouring town, Soest is the second biggest town in its district.-Geography:...
destroyed the village Sunrike between Eissen and Borgentreich. - 1632 troops from Hesse-KasselHesse-KasselThe Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel or Hesse-Cassel was a state in the Holy Roman Empire under Imperial immediacy that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1567 upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. His eldest son William IV inherited the northern half and the...
(or Hesse-Cassel) marauded the area around Borgentreich and Eissen. - 1640 the imperial main army with Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of AustriaArchduke Leopold Wilhelm of AustriaArchduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria was an Austrian military commander, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1647 to 1656, and a patron of the arts.-Biography:...
and Ottavio Piccolomini moved into wintering grounds in the FürstFürstFürst is a German title of nobility, usually translated into English as Prince.The term refers to the head of a principality and is distinguished from the son of a monarch, who is referred to as Prinz...
-diocese of PaderbornPaderbornPaderborn is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader, which originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.-History:...
. The result was famine, diseases, epidemics and death in the whole region. - 1641–1647 the region around WarburgWarburgWarburg is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia on the river Diemel near the three-state point shared by Hessen, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. It is in Höxter district and Detmold region...
is occupied by troops from Hesse-Kassel. - From 1756 during the Seven Years' WarSeven Years' WarThe Seven Years' War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines...
repeated hostilities occur in the region around Warburg. - From December 1758 until Easter 1759 four escadrons participate in the Seven Years' War, hessianHesseHesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
dragoonDragoonThe word dragoon originally meant mounted infantry, who were trained in horse riding as well as infantry fighting skills. However, usage altered over time and during the 18th century, dragoons evolved into conventional light cavalry units and personnel...
s quartered in Eissen and neighbouring places. - Between autumn 1760 and early summer 1761 42 inhabitants of Eissen (about 12% of all inhabitants) die because of the consequences of the war.
- 1812 four forced recruited inhabitants of Eissen do not come back from Russia with Napoleons "Grande Armée".
- 1871 one inhabitant does not come back from the Franco-Prussian WarFranco-Prussian WarThe Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
, three more die later, probably because of their injuries. - From October 1 1876, Eissen is connected by its own train station to the railway network in the route Scherfede-HolzmindenHolzmindenHolzminden is a town in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Holzminden. It is located directly on the river Weser, which here is the border to North Rhine-Westphalia.-History:...
. - On May 6 1879 47 buildings in Eissen burn down within 20 minutes.
- In 1898 a kornhaus is built (similar to a granary) as a result of a Prussion law
- On December 18 1898 41 citizens found the Eissener Spar- und Darlehnskassenverein eGmbHCredit unionA credit union is a cooperative financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members and operated for the purpose of promoting thrift, providing credit at competitive rates, and providing other financial services to its members...
, which was merged in 1962 with the Spar- und Darlehnskasse Peckelsheim. 1973; it merged again with Volkbank Paderborn which closed the subsidiary in 2001. - Between 1912 and 1914 the church was rebuilt and enlarged.
- After World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
30 inhabitants did not return. - After World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
71 inhabitants did not return. - At April 1 1945 a German infantryInfantryInfantrymen are soldiers who are specifically trained for the role of fighting on foot to engage the enemy face to face and have historically borne the brunt of the casualties of combat in wars. As the oldest branch of combat arms, they are the backbone of armies...
companyCompany (military unit)A company is a military unit, typically consisting of 80–225 soldiers and usually commanded by a Captain, Major or Commandant. Most companies are formed of three to five platoons although the exact number may vary by country, unit type, and structure...
entrenched themselves at the village's southern border. Therefore, US units advancing from Hohenwepel found the village ripe for attack. The church and Kornhaus were heavily damaged, 47 properties totally destroyed. A lot of Eissen is heavily damaged but only two inhabitants are injured. 14 German and 3 American soldiers are dead, 65 soldiers of the WehrmachtWehrmachtThe Wehrmacht – from , to defend and , the might/power) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the Heer , the Kriegsmarine and the Luftwaffe .-Origin and use of the term:...
were captured, the rest dropped off along the railway to Borgholz. - In 1975 Eissen lost its autonomy and became a part of Willebadessen. This was because of reorganisation in North Rhine-Westphalia.
- On June 2. 1984, passenger train traffic was discontinued.
Demographics
With 780 inhabitants, Eissen is the third largest locality in the municipal area of Willebadessen. In the year 1760 the population of Eissen amounted to 360 inhabitants. Between 1818 and 1890, 110 inhabitants emigrated, most of them to the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom during the period when what is now the Republic of Ireland formed a part of it....
, but also to Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
and the Caribbean
Caribbean
The Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
.
Religion
The biggest religion is the Catholic Church of St. Liborius, counting 649 members, which belongs to the parish cluster Willebadessen-Peckelsheim. The church is part of the deaneryDeanery
A Deanery is an ecclesiastical entity in both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residence of a Dean.- Catholic usage :...
Höxter
Höxter
Höxter is the seat of the Höxter district, and a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia on the left bank of the river Weser, 52 km north of Kassel in the centre of the Weser Uplands...
in the Archdiocese of Paderborn. The Lutherans belongs to the Lutheran Church of Peckelsheim.
Politics
Since the rearrangement of the townships in North Rhine-Westphalia in 1975, Eissen is no more an independent community. Eissen now belongs to the municipal area of Willebadessen and is represented on city councilCity council
A city council or town council is the legislative body that governs a city, town, municipality or local government area.-Australia & NZ:Because of the differences in legislation between the States, the exact definition of a City Council varies...
by one direct member. Since the last local election in September 2004, three people from Eissen are members of the city council (CDU
Christian Democratic Union (Germany)
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It is regarded as on the centre-right of the German political spectrum...
: 2, SPD
Social Democratic Party of Germany
The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
:1).
Economy
Eissen is agricultural and craftsmanship. In the village there are some small craftmans' establishments, service companies and businesses concerning the fields of metal working, construction, wood and food. Located at the edge of the fertile plain "Warburger Börde", in relation to other German regions, farming has a slightly major role, but concentration in this sector is also ongoing. Organic farming has a superior quota of the farmed cropland and provides additional jobs in labour-intensive areas.Many of the Eisseners are working in the cities Warburg, Brakel
Brakel, Germany
Brakel is a town in the district of Höxter in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.- Location :Brakel lies at the midpoint of the district of Höxter between the Eggegebirge and the Weser in the Oberwälder Land nature area in the old Saxon region of Nethegau....
, Höxter and Beverungen
Beverungen
Beverungen is a town in Höxter district in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.- Location :Beverungen lies in the Weser Uplands on the side of the Weser opposite Solling roughly 10 km south of Höxter. In parts of the eastern municipal area near the river, the town has a share of the Weser Valley,...
.
Transportation
Via the state route L763 toward Peckelsheim, Eissen is connected to federal route B 252Bundesstraße
Bundesstraße , abbreviated B, is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.-Germany:...
. In the other direction, the L763 leads to Borgentreich, where access is provided to the B 241. In Warburg and Paderborn there are regional railway hubs with possibility of intercity services, also in Willebadessen is a regional railway stop and in Brakel
Brakel
Brakel is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders in the Denderstreek and the Flemish Ardennes. The name is derived from a Carolingian villa Braglo first mentioned in 866 and located in the center of Opbrakel. Since 1970, the municipality has comprised the villages of Nederbrakel,...
is a regional railway system stop. Paderborn Lippstadt Airport
Paderborn Lippstadt Airport
-Facilities:The terminal offers several facilities for travelers. There are mainly travel agencies in the airport. A Restaurant is available, too. There are also shops and car rentals at the airport....
is 50 km distant.
Regular Events
- Easter fireEasterEaster is the central feast in the Christian liturgical year. According to the Canonical gospels, Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. His resurrection is celebrated on Easter Day or Easter Sunday...
on Holy SaturdayHoly SaturdayHoly Saturday , sometimes known as Easter Eve or Black Saturday, is the day after Good Friday. It is the day before Easter and the last day of Holy Week in which Christians prepare for Easter...
by the KLJB - Sports meeting by the sport club SV Germania Eissen 1920 e. V. at the beginning of Mmay
- SchützenfestSchützenfestA Schützenfest is a traditional festival or fair featuring a target shooting competition in the cultures of both Germany and Switzerland....
by the St. Liborius-Schützenverein Eissen at the third weekend of July - Hüssenbergparty by the KLJB in the middle of August
Clubs
- Rambling Club EGV-Wanderverein Eissen, founded 1986
- Parents' initiative Hüssenbergnest e. V. founded 1993
- Catholic Women Community of Germany / Katholische Frauengemeinschaft Deutschlands (kfd) Eissen, yore club of mothers / Mütterverein, founded c. 1930
- Volunteer fire department Eissen, founded 1911
- Choral society Eintracht Eissen, founded 1893, disbanded 1953, refounded 1989
- KLJB Eissen, founded 1953, refounded 1967
- Motorcycle friends Eissen
- Sports club SV Germania Eissen 1920 e. V., founded 1920
- Tennis club TC Blau Weiß Eissen, founded 1976
- Carnival club VEK - Vereinigte Eissener Karnevalisten, founded 1984, resolved 2005
- St. Liborius Schützenverein Eissen, founded 1953