Earl Anthony Wayne
Encyclopedia
Earl Anthony Wayne is a United States international policy maker and diplomat. In June, 2011, Wayne was nominated by President Barack Obama
to be ambassador to Mexico
.
in 1950 and grew up in nearby Concord
, where he graduated from High School in 1968. He earned a Bachelor’s degree in Political Science
from the University of California, Berkeley
(1972), Master's degrees in Political Science from Stanford University
(1973) and Princeton University
(1975), and a Master's in Public Administration
from Harvard University
(1984). While at UC Berkeley, he was a member of Tau Kappa Epsilon
. Known as "Tony" to friends and close acquaintances, he married and had a daughter and a son.
analyst in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
at the State Department in Washington, DC. He was assigned to serve in the Executive Secretariat at the State Department under Secretaries of State Cyrus Vance
and Edmund Muskie
, in 1980. He was asked to serve as Special Assistant to Secretaries of State Alexander Haig
and George Shultz, from 1981 to 1983, and was named First Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Paris
, 1984–87, where he followed French politics and encouraged counter-terrorism
(CT) cooperation between the US and France
.
Wayne then took a leave of absence and worked as the national security correspondent for the Christian Science Monitor for two years. He returned to Foreign Service as the Director for Regional Affairs for the U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Counter-Terrorism, from 1989 to 1991, during a period marked by the Gulf War
as well as expanded CT cooperation with the countries of the former Warsaw Pact
. He served as Director for Western European Affairs at the National Security Council
from June 1991 until mid-1993, as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Mission to the European Union
until 1996, and as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Europe
and Canada
(1996–97).
His appointment as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of European Affairs in 1997 gave Wayne broader responsibilities including in the management of U.S. relations with the European Union
, the OECD, the G-8, regional economic and global issues, and Nazi restitution
issues. He played an important role in organizing the Stability Pact Summit for South West Europe in 1999. These experiences led to his appointment as Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs (EB) from June 2000 until June 2006, during which he was promoted to Career Minister (2002).
In EB, he oversaw work on post-conflict economic assistance, economic sanctions, international debt, development and economic reform policies (including the creation of the Millennium Challenge Corporation
), combating the financing of terrorism, international energy policy, trade, intellectual property and investment policies, international telecommunications policy, international transportation policies, support for U.S. businesses overseas, and efforts to end trade in "conflict diamonds". He also had a leading role in coordinating reconstruction assistance and pledges to countries hit by the 2004 Asian tsunami and to Pakistan
, after the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir
.
Wayne served as Interim Under Secretary for Economic, Business and Agricultural Affairs in 2005, during which he also served as U.S. Foreign Affairs "Sous-Sherpa
," helping prepare the Gleneagles G8 Summit, in addition to his duties as Assistant Secretary. By serving as Assistant Secretary from 2000 to 2006, Wayne became the longest serving Assistant Secretary since the inception of the Economic Bureau. President George W. Bush
nominated Earl Anthony Wayne Ambassador to Argentina, in 2006, and he presented his credentials as Ambassador to Foreign Minister Jorge Taiana
on November 6, 2006.
Ambassador Wayne accepted the post during a period of tense relations between the center-left President of Argentina, Néstor Kirchner
, and President Bush. He maintained a policy of close communication with the Argentine Government and of a more lively cultural involvement of embassy with its host country. He championed interaction between US musicians and other well known cultural figures with Argentine youth, as well as increased embassy outreach activities to needy Argentine communities and with worthwhile Argentine Non-Governmental Organization
s. His public outreach events included a "voters day" during the 2008 US Presidential Election at the US embassy with music and American food for the several thousand U.S. nationals living in Buenos Aires who were eligible to vote via absentee ballot
.
That year, he received the Paul Wellstone
Anti-Slavery Ambassador of the Year Award for his work against trafficking in persons
. Wayne had worked closely and successfully with several Argentine NGOs, Argentine legislators and officials to encourage stronger laws and practices to fight the trafficking in persons, especially women and children He has also received the Department of State’s Distinguished Honor Award
and Presidential Distinguished Service
and Meritorious Service Awards.
President Barack Obama
nominated Vilma Socorro Martínez
as the new U.S. Ambassador to Argentina in June 2009, upon which Ambassador Wayne accepted a post as Coordinating Director for Development and Economic Affairs in Kabul
, Afghanistan
, where he oversees all U.S. government non-military assistance to that country.
Secretary Clinton recognized Wayne's work in Afghanistan by granting him the Cordell Hull Award for Economic Achievement by Senior Officers in October, 2010. The award recognized Ambassador Wayne's leadership in reorganizing, reforming, redirecting, and reinvigorating U.S. economic, development, and governance policies and programs in Afghanistan. In late 2010, President Obama nominated Wayne and two other veteran diplomats to the rank of "Career Ambassador", and the Senate gave its approval in December.
In late May, 2010, Wayne took over the position of Deputy Ambassador at the U.S. Embassy in Kabul
. In that role, under Ambassador Karl Eikenberry
, he oversees all Embassy programs and staff, works closely with the Afghan government, coordinates with the International Security Assistance Force
in Afghanistan, and other elements of the International Community and Afghan society..
who departed in March following Wikileaks
disclosures. He presented his credentials to President
Felipe Calderón
on September 13, 2011.
|-
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.Born in...
to be ambassador to Mexico
United States Ambassador to Mexico
The United States has maintained diplomatic relations with Mexico since 1823, when Andrew Jackson was appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to that country. Jackson declined the appointment, however, and Joel R. Poinsett became the first U.S. envoy to Mexico in 1825. The rank...
.
Life and education
Earl Anthony Wayne was born in Sacramento, CaliforniaSacramento, California
Sacramento is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the county seat of Sacramento County. It is located at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the northern portion of California's expansive Central Valley. With a population of 466,488 at the 2010 census,...
in 1950 and grew up in nearby Concord
Concord, California
Concord is the largest city in Contra Costa County, California, USA. At the 2010 census, the city had a population of 122,067. Originally founded in 1869 as the community of Todos Santos by Salvio Pacheco, the name was changed to Concord within months...
, where he graduated from High School in 1968. He earned a Bachelor’s degree in Political Science
Political science
Political Science is a social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government and politics. Aristotle defined it as the study of the state. It deals extensively with the theory and practice of politics, and the analysis of political systems and political behavior...
from the University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley , is a teaching and research university established in 1868 and located in Berkeley, California, USA...
(1972), Master's degrees in Political Science from Stanford University
Stanford University
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university on an campus located near Palo Alto, California. It is situated in the northwestern Santa Clara Valley on the San Francisco Peninsula, approximately northwest of San...
(1973) and Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
(1975), and a Master's in Public Administration
Public administration
Public Administration houses the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation and that prepares civil servants for this work. As a "field of inquiry with a diverse scope" its "fundamental goal.....
from Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
(1984). While at UC Berkeley, he was a member of Tau Kappa Epsilon
Tau Kappa Epsilon
Tau Kappa Epsilon is a college fraternity founded on January 10, 1899 at Illinois Wesleyan University with chapters in the United States, and Canada, and affiliation with a German fraternity system known as the Corps of the Weinheimer Senioren Convent...
. Known as "Tony" to friends and close acquaintances, he married and had a daughter and a son.
Diplomatic career
A career diplomat since 1975, he was first posted overseas as a political officer in Rabat, Morocco, after serving as a ChinaChina
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
analyst in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Bureau of Intelligence and Research
The Bureau of Intelligence and Research is an intelligence bureau in the U.S. State Department tasked with analyzing information. Originally founded as the Research and Analysis Branch of the Office of Strategic Services , it was transferred to the State Department at the end of World War II...
at the State Department in Washington, DC. He was assigned to serve in the Executive Secretariat at the State Department under Secretaries of State Cyrus Vance
Cyrus Vance
Cyrus Roberts Vance was an American lawyer and United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980...
and Edmund Muskie
Edmund Muskie
Edmund Sixtus "Ed" Muskie was an American politician from Rumford, Maine. He served as Governor of Maine from 1955 to 1959, as a member of the United States Senate from 1959 to 1980, and as Secretary of State under Jimmy Carter from 1980 to 1981...
, in 1980. He was asked to serve as Special Assistant to Secretaries of State Alexander Haig
Alexander Haig
Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr. was a United States Army general who served as the United States Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan and White House Chief of Staff under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford...
and George Shultz, from 1981 to 1983, and was named First Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, 1984–87, where he followed French politics and encouraged counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism is the practices, tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militaries, police departments and corporations adopt to prevent or in response to terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgents and governments...
(CT) cooperation between the US and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Wayne then took a leave of absence and worked as the national security correspondent for the Christian Science Monitor for two years. He returned to Foreign Service as the Director for Regional Affairs for the U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Counter-Terrorism, from 1989 to 1991, during a period marked by the Gulf War
Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...
as well as expanded CT cooperation with the countries of the former Warsaw Pact
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance , or more commonly referred to as the Warsaw Pact, was a mutual defense treaty subscribed to by eight communist states in Eastern Europe...
. He served as Director for Western European Affairs at the National Security Council
United States National Security Council
The White House National Security Council in the United States is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials and is part of the Executive Office of the...
from June 1991 until mid-1993, as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Mission to the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
until 1996, and as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
and Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
(1996–97).
His appointment as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of European Affairs in 1997 gave Wayne broader responsibilities including in the management of U.S. relations with the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
, the OECD, the G-8, regional economic and global issues, and Nazi restitution
Nazi plunder
Nazi plunder refers to art theft and other items stolen as a result of the organized looting of European countries during the time of the Third Reich by agents acting on behalf of the ruling Nazi Party of Germany. Plundering occurred from 1933 until the end of World War II, particularly by military...
issues. He played an important role in organizing the Stability Pact Summit for South West Europe in 1999. These experiences led to his appointment as Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs (EB) from June 2000 until June 2006, during which he was promoted to Career Minister (2002).
In EB, he oversaw work on post-conflict economic assistance, economic sanctions, international debt, development and economic reform policies (including the creation of the Millennium Challenge Corporation
Millennium Challenge Corporation
The Millennium Challenge Corporation is a bilateral United States foreign aid agency created by the George W. Bush administration in 2004, applying a new philosophy towards foreign aid.-Background and formation:...
), combating the financing of terrorism, international energy policy, trade, intellectual property and investment policies, international telecommunications policy, international transportation policies, support for U.S. businesses overseas, and efforts to end trade in "conflict diamonds". He also had a leading role in coordinating reconstruction assistance and pledges to countries hit by the 2004 Asian tsunami and to Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, after the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir
Kashmir
Kashmir is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range...
.
Wayne served as Interim Under Secretary for Economic, Business and Agricultural Affairs in 2005, during which he also served as U.S. Foreign Affairs "Sous-Sherpa
Sherpa (G8)
A sherpa is the personal representative of a head of state of government who prepares an international summit, particularly the annual G8 Summit. Between the G8 summits there are multiple sherpa conferences where possible agreements are laid out. This reduces the amount of time and resources...
," helping prepare the Gleneagles G8 Summit, in addition to his duties as Assistant Secretary. By serving as Assistant Secretary from 2000 to 2006, Wayne became the longest serving Assistant Secretary since the inception of the Economic Bureau. President George W. Bush
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States, from 2001 to 2009. Before that, he was the 46th Governor of Texas, having served from 1995 to 2000....
nominated Earl Anthony Wayne Ambassador to Argentina, in 2006, and he presented his credentials as Ambassador to Foreign Minister Jorge Taiana
Jorge Taiana
Jorge Enrique Taiana is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician, formerly Foreign Minister in the government of President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, after occupying the same post during the previous government of Néstor Kirchner...
on November 6, 2006.
Ambassador Wayne accepted the post during a period of tense relations between the center-left President of Argentina, Néstor Kirchner
Néstor Kirchner
Néstor Carlos Kirchner was an Argentine politician who served as the 54th President of Argentina from 25 May 2003 until 10 December 2007. Previously, he was Governor of Santa Cruz Province since 10 December 1991. He briefly served as Secretary General of the Union of South American Nations ...
, and President Bush. He maintained a policy of close communication with the Argentine Government and of a more lively cultural involvement of embassy with its host country. He championed interaction between US musicians and other well known cultural figures with Argentine youth, as well as increased embassy outreach activities to needy Argentine communities and with worthwhile Argentine Non-Governmental Organization
Non-governmental organization
A non-governmental organization is a legally constituted organization created by natural or legal persons that operates independently from any government. The term originated from the United Nations , and is normally used to refer to organizations that do not form part of the government and are...
s. His public outreach events included a "voters day" during the 2008 US Presidential Election at the US embassy with music and American food for the several thousand U.S. nationals living in Buenos Aires who were eligible to vote via absentee ballot
Absentee ballot
An absentee ballot is a vote cast by someone who is unable or unwilling to attend the official polling station. Numerous methods have been devised to facilitate this...
.
That year, he received the Paul Wellstone
Paul Wellstone
Paul David Wellstone was a two-term U.S. Senator from the state of Minnesota and member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, which is affiliated with the national Democratic Party. Before being elected to the Senate in 1990, he was a professor of political science at Carleton College...
Anti-Slavery Ambassador of the Year Award for his work against trafficking in persons
Human trafficking
Human trafficking is the illegal trade of human beings for the purposes of reproductive slavery, commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, or a modern-day form of slavery...
. Wayne had worked closely and successfully with several Argentine NGOs, Argentine legislators and officials to encourage stronger laws and practices to fight the trafficking in persons, especially women and children He has also received the Department of State’s Distinguished Honor Award
Distinguished Honor Award
The Distinguished Honor Award is an award of the United States Department of State. Similar versions of the same award exist for the former U.S. Information Agency, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and USAID...
and Presidential Distinguished Service
Distinguished Service Medal (United States)
The Distinguished Service Medal is the highest non-valorous military and civilian decoration of the United States military which is issued for exceptionally meritorious service to the government of the United States in either a senior government service position or as a senior officer of the United...
and Meritorious Service Awards.
President Barack Obama
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.Born in...
nominated Vilma Socorro Martínez
Vilma Socorro Martínez
Vilma Socorro Martínez is an American lawyer, civil rights activist and diplomat currently serving as the U.S. Ambassador to Argentina. She is the first woman to hold this position.-Life and career:...
as the new U.S. Ambassador to Argentina in June 2009, upon which Ambassador Wayne accepted a post as Coordinating Director for Development and Economic Affairs in Kabul
Kabul
Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...
, Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
, where he oversees all U.S. government non-military assistance to that country.
Secretary Clinton recognized Wayne's work in Afghanistan by granting him the Cordell Hull Award for Economic Achievement by Senior Officers in October, 2010. The award recognized Ambassador Wayne's leadership in reorganizing, reforming, redirecting, and reinvigorating U.S. economic, development, and governance policies and programs in Afghanistan. In late 2010, President Obama nominated Wayne and two other veteran diplomats to the rank of "Career Ambassador", and the Senate gave its approval in December.
In late May, 2010, Wayne took over the position of Deputy Ambassador at the U.S. Embassy in Kabul
Kabul
Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...
. In that role, under Ambassador Karl Eikenberry
Karl Eikenberry
Karl Winfrid Eikenberry is a retired United States Army Lieutenant General and former U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan.-Education:Eikenberry graduated from Goldsboro High School in Goldsboro, North Carolina in 1969 and then attended West Point, where he was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant upon...
, he oversees all Embassy programs and staff, works closely with the Afghan government, coordinates with the International Security Assistance Force
International Security Assistance Force
The International Security Assistance Force is a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations Security Council on 20 December 2001 by Resolution 1386 as envisaged by the Bonn Agreement...
in Afghanistan, and other elements of the International Community and Afghan society..
Ambassador to Mexico
On May 24, 2011, President Obama submitted Wayne's nomination to be the next US Ambassador to Mexico, to follow Carlos PascualCarlos Pascual (diplomat)
Carlos Pascual is a Cuban-American diplomat and the former U.S. Ambassador to Mexico and Ukraine.-Education:Pascual attended Bishop Amat Memorial High School in La Puente California and graduated in 1976. He then earned a B.A. from Stanford University in 1980 and an M.P.P...
who departed in March following Wikileaks
Wikileaks
WikiLeaks is an international self-described not-for-profit organisation that publishes submissions of private, secret, and classified media from anonymous news sources, news leaks, and whistleblowers. Its website, launched in 2006 under The Sunshine Press organisation, claimed a database of more...
disclosures. He presented his credentials to President
President of Mexico
The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
Felipe Calderón
Felipe Calderón
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa is the current President of Mexico. He assumed office on December 1, 2006, and was elected for a single six-year term through 2012...
on September 13, 2011.
External links
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