Demographics of Qatar
Encyclopedia
This article is about the demographic
features of the population
of Qatar
, including population density
, ethnicity
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Natives of the Arabian Peninsula
, many Qatar
is are descended from a number of migratory tribes that came to Qatar in the 18th century to escape the harsh conditions of the neighboring areas of Nejd and Al-Hasa
. Some are descended from Omani
tribes. Qatar has over 900,000 people, the majority of whom (about 90%) live in Doha
, the capital. Foreign workers with temporary residence status make up about four-fifths of the population. Most of them are South Asia
ns, Egypt
ians, Palestinians, Jordan
ians, Iran
ians and Somalis. About 5,000 U.S. citizens resided there as of 2001.
For centuries, the main sources of wealth were pearling, fishing, and trade. At one time, Qataris owned nearly one-third of the Persian Gulf
fishing fleet. With the Great Depression
and the introduction of Japan's
cultured-pearl industry, pearling in Qatar declined drastically.
The Qataris are mainly Sunni Muslims. Islam
is the official religion, and Islamic jurisprudence is the basis of Qatar's legal system. Arabic
is the official language and English
is the lingua franca
of business. Education is compulsory and free for all residents 6–16 years old. Qatar has an increasingly high literacy rate.
15–64 years: 76.8% (male 451,127/female 182,330)
65 years and over: 1.4% (male 6,545/female 4,690) (2008 est.)
9.56% - World Bank (2009 est.)
0.96% - CIA World FactBook (2009 est.)
2.11% - 2005 - 2010 List by the United Nations
at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years:
2.47 male(s)/female
65 years and over: Qatari men to women is 1.3 male(s) / female or including foreigners
1.4 male(s)/female
total population:
2.00 male(s)/female (2008 est.) (the reasoning is because of high immigration of male workers to Qatar)
male: 13.99 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
total population:
75.19 years
male:
73.5 years
female:
76.98 years (2008 est.)
, Hindi
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
89%
male:
89.1%
female:
88.6% (2008 est.)
which comprises two thirds of the total chromosomes
Demographics
Demographics are the most recent statistical characteristics of a population. These types of data are used widely in sociology , public policy, and marketing. Commonly examined demographics include gender, race, age, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status, and even location...
features of the population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of Qatar
Qatar
Qatar , also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its...
, including population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
, ethnicity
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Natives of the Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula is a land mass situated north-east of Africa. Also known as Arabia or the Arabian subcontinent, it is the world's largest peninsula and covers 3,237,500 km2...
, many Qatar
Qatar
Qatar , also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its...
is are descended from a number of migratory tribes that came to Qatar in the 18th century to escape the harsh conditions of the neighboring areas of Nejd and Al-Hasa
Al-Hasa
Al-Ahsa is the largest governorate in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province, named after Al-Ahsa oasis. The name Al-Ahsa is also given to the biggest city in the region, Hofuf. In classic Arabic, Ahsa means the sound of water underground. It has one of the largest oases in the world with Date Palms of...
. Some are descended from Omani
Omani
Omani may refer to:* Something of, from, or related to Oman, an Arab coujntry in southwestern Asia** A person from Oman or of Omani descent, collectively referred to as Omanis; see Demographics of Oman and Culture of Oman...
tribes. Qatar has over 900,000 people, the majority of whom (about 90%) live in Doha
Doha
Doha is the capital city of the state of Qatar. Located on the Persian Gulf, it had a population of 998,651 in 2008, and is also one of the municipalities of Qatar...
, the capital. Foreign workers with temporary residence status make up about four-fifths of the population. Most of them are South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
ns, Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
ians, Palestinians, Jordan
Jordan
Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
ians, Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
ians and Somalis. About 5,000 U.S. citizens resided there as of 2001.
For centuries, the main sources of wealth were pearling, fishing, and trade. At one time, Qataris owned nearly one-third of the Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.The Persian Gulf was the focus of the 1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War, in which each side attacked the other's oil tankers...
fishing fleet. With the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...
and the introduction of Japan's
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
cultured-pearl industry, pearling in Qatar declined drastically.
The Qataris are mainly Sunni Muslims. Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
is the official religion, and Islamic jurisprudence is the basis of Qatar's legal system. Arabic
Arabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
is the official language and English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
is the lingua franca
Lingua franca
A lingua franca is a language systematically used to make communication possible between people not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both mother tongues.-Characteristics:"Lingua franca" is a functionally defined term, independent of the linguistic...
of business. Education is compulsory and free for all residents 6–16 years old. Qatar has an increasingly high literacy rate.
Population
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1908 est. | 22,000 |
| 1939 est. | 28,000 |
| late 1960s | 70,000 |
| 1986 | 369,079 |
| 1997 | 522,023 |
| 2000 | 744,483 |
| 2001 | 769,152 |
| 2002 | 793,341 |
| 2003 | 817,052 |
| 2004 | 840,290 |
| 2005 | 863,051 |
| 2006 | 885,359 |
| 2007 | 1,207,229 |
| 2008 | 1,524,789 |
| 2009 | 1,309,000 |
| 2010 | 1,696,563 |
| 2011 | 1,692,262 |
CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.Age structure
0–14 years: 21.8% (male 92,896/female 87,201)15–64 years: 76.8% (male 451,127/female 182,330)
65 years and over: 1.4% (male 6,545/female 4,690) (2008 est.)
Population growth rate
1.093% (2008 est.)9.56% - World Bank (2009 est.)
0.96% - CIA World FactBook (2009 est.)
2.11% - 2005 - 2010 List by the United Nations
Sex ratio
at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years:
2.47 male(s)/female
65 years and over: Qatari men to women is 1.3 male(s) / female or including foreigners
1.4 male(s)/female
total population:
2.00 male(s)/female (2008 est.) (the reasoning is because of high immigration of male workers to Qatar)
Infant mortality rate
total: 13.09 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 13.99 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population:
75.19 years
male:
73.5 years
female:
76.98 years (2008 est.)
Ethnic groups
Arab 40%, Pakistani 85,000 Indian 600,000 (60% muslim 40% hindu), Iranian 10%, other 14%Religions
Islam 71% - 77.5%, Christian 8.5% - 10.3%, Hindu 7.2% - 12.7%, Buddhist 5%, other 1%Languages
Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language, Urdu, PersianPersian language
Persian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and countries which historically came under Persian influence...
, Hindi
Literacy
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
89%
male:
89.1%
female:
88.6% (2008 est.)
Y-chromosome DNA
Y-Chromosome DNA Y-DNA represents the male lineage, The Qatari Y-chromosome in large belongs to haplogroup JHaplogroup J (Y-DNA)
In human genetics, Haplogroup J is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is one of the major male lines of all living men...
which comprises two thirds of the total chromosomes
- J1Haplogroup J1 (Y-DNA)In human genetics, Y DNA haplogroup J1, also known as J-M267, is a sub-haplogroup of Y DNA haplogroup J, along with its sibling clade Y DNA haplogroup J2. Men with this type of Y DNA share a common paternal ancestry, which is demonstrated and defined by the presence of the SNP mutation referred to...
~ 58.3% - J2Haplogroup J2 (Y-DNA)In human genetics, Haplogroup J2 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subdivision of haplogroup J. It is further divided into two complementary clades, J2a-M410 and J2b-M12.-Origins:...
~ 8.3% - E*Haplogroup E (Y-DNA)In human genetics, Haplogroup E is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E is one of the two main branches of the older Haplogroup DE, the other main branch being haplogroup D. The E clade is divided into two subclades: E1 and E2 .-Origins:Underhill et al. proposed that haplogroup E...
~ 7.0% --- E(xE1b1b) - R1aHaplogroup R1a (Y-DNA)Haplogroup R1a is the phylogenetic name of a major clade of Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups. In other words, it is a way of grouping a significant part of all modern men according to a shared male-line ancestor. It is common in many parts of Eurasia and is frequently discussed in human...
~ 6.9% - E1b1b ~ 5.6%
- Other Haplogroups ~ 13.9%
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA mtDNA represents the female lineage The Qatari mitochondrial DNA shows much more diversity than the Y-DNA lineages, with more than 35% of the lineages showing African ancestry (East African & Subsaharan) & the rest of the lineages being Eurasian.- R0Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup R0 is a mitochondrial DNA haplogroup.-Origin:Haplogroup R0 derives from the macro-haplogroup R...
~ 22% (14% R0*, 8% H) - JTHaplogroup JT (mtDNA)In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup JT is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup.-Origin:A descendant of the macro-haplogroup R, Haplogroup JT is the ancestral haplogroup to mitochondrial haplogroups J and T.-Tree:...
~ 22% (18% J & 4% T) - UKHaplogroup UK (mtDNA)In human genetics, Haplogroup UK was a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup. It is now known that K is a subclade of U8.-See also:*Genealogical DNA test*Genetic Genealogy*Human mitochondrial genetics*Population Genetics-External links:...
~ 20% (11% K & 9% U) - L3Haplogroup L3 (mtDNA)In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup L3 is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup L3 has played a pivotal role in the history of the human species...
~ 10% (East African & Subsaharan lineages) - Other lineages ~ 26%
- See also : QatarQatarQatar , also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its...