Carrillo Canton
Encyclopedia
Carrillo is the fifth canton
in the province of Guanacaste
in Costa Rica
. The canton covers an area of 577.54 km², and has a population of 29,298. Its capital city is Filadelfia
. The name of the canton is in honor of former head of state Braulio Carrillo Colina
.
The canton is shaped like a boot, with the Pacific Ocean at the top. The Río Tempisque decorates the front of the boot from top to toe. The Río Cañas and Río Bolsón provide the heel and sole.
settled on the west bank of the middle Tempisque River
, where there was a grove
of trees called "sietecueros" (Lonchocarpus costericensi
), giving rise to the population that corresponds to the city of Filadelfia, head of the canton.
In Executive Decree No. 22 of June 16, 1877, Carrillo was declared a canton of Guanacaste province. The oldest population of the canton is Sardinal, proof of this is the mention of the place made by Brother
Don Antonio Muñoz, following his visit in late 1794 for a collection of handouts that he performed in several villages of Guanacaste.
In the decade of the '30s
of the 19th century, the residents of neighborhoods of Sietecueros and Sardinal, asked the then Head of State, Braulio Carrillo Colina, to be separated from the village of Santa Cruz and to be incorporated into Guanacaste City
(now Liberia) in a civil and ecclesiastical way, this request was received when it was issued the Decree No. 5 of February 23, 1839.
In the school division in 1886, Sardinal was selected as the second school district of the canton in Law No. 60 of August 9, and Filadelfia was selected as part of the first school district. The main high school (Colegio Técnico Profesional Agropecuario, Agricultural Vocational Technical High School) began his teaching activities in 1965, during the administration of Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich
.
(distritos):
to the north, Santa Cruz to the south, Bagaces
to the east and Pacific Ocean
to the west.
and Nicaragua
, possibly gave rise to the towns of Sietecueros, Tamarindo, Boquerones and Villita with people of mixed Spanish and indigenous people
.
, Tertiary
and Quaternary
, being Quaternary sedimentary rocks that dominate the region.
and North Coast.
All these watercourses rise in Carrillo, except for Tempisque and Cañas, these rivers run from northwest to southeast. Rivers Cañas, Bolsón and Tempisque are cantonal boundaries, the first two with Santa Cruz and the last with Liberia and Bagaces.
and the early 90's
, this canton was one of the main producers of rice and cotton in Costa Rica. Due to El Niño
and political reasons the production started to decay, causing losses of up to a thousand million colones, and the producers asked the government for a declaration of emergency.
This canton also provides more products such as:
In this region highlights two millionaires-income products:
El Viejo Mill, CATSA Mill are in charge of the production of sugar and Melones de Costa Rica is charge of the cataloupe production.
, Playa Hermosa, Playa Panama, Coco Beach
, Playa Ocotal, among others, fishing and diving activities can be performed there.
Coco Beach is offering various services such as restaurants and hotels, on the other beaches there are hotels and resorts as "Los Corales", "Condovac La Costa", among others.
Tempisque River is another attraction that crosses the canton and passed by the city of Filadelfia, it is possible to practice water sports such as fishing, swimming, and sailing, crossing the most impressive vegetation and observing the various species of flora and wildlife that is around it.
This area is the center of archaeological research which has yielded variety of pieces dating back thousands of years, which is why it is known as the National Archaeological Region.
Cantons of Costa Rica
This is a list of the cantons of Costa Rica.Cantons are the second-level administrative division of Costa Rica. The country's seven provinces are subdivided into 81 cantons , and these are further subdivided into districts .A unique feature of the cantons is that they are the only administrative...
in the province of Guanacaste
Guanacaste Province
Guanacaste is a province of Costa Rica located in the northwestern part of the country, along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. To the north it borders Nicaragua. To the east is the Alajuela Province, and to the southeast is the Puntarenas Province. It is the most sparsely populated of all the...
in Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....
. The canton covers an area of 577.54 km², and has a population of 29,298. Its capital city is Filadelfia
Filadelfia de Guanacaste
Filadelfia is the first district and main city of Carrillo in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. This district has 7,814 inhabitants and 125.01 km². It was declared an archaeological city because of all the indigenous cemeteries found near the Tempisque River. The town was formerly known as Siete Cueros...
. The name of the canton is in honor of former head of state Braulio Carrillo Colina
Braulio Carrillo Colina
Braulio Evaristo Carrillo Colina was the Head of State of Costa Rica during two periods: the first between 1835 to 1837, and the de facto between 1838 and 1842.Before becoming head of state, Carrillo held a number of public positions, including Judge and Chairman of the...
.
The canton is shaped like a boot, with the Pacific Ocean at the top. The Río Tempisque decorates the front of the boot from top to toe. The Río Cañas and Río Bolsón provide the heel and sole.
History
In the 18th century a group of ladinosLadino people
Ladino is a Spanish term used to describe various socio-ethnic categories in Latin America, principally in Central America.The term Ladino is derived from "latino" and usually refers to the mestizo or hispanicized population...
settled on the west bank of the middle Tempisque River
Tempisque River
The Tempisque River, or Rio Tempisque, is 144 km long, located entirely in Costa Rica flowing from the Guanacaste Cordillera near the Orosí Volcano and emptying into the Gulf of Nicoya...
, where there was a grove
Grove (nature)
A grove is a small group of trees with minimal or no undergrowth, such as a sequoia grove, or a small orchard planted for the cultivation of fruits or nuts...
of trees called "sietecueros" (Lonchocarpus costericensi
Lonchocarpus
Lonchocarpus is a plant genus in the legume family . The species are called lancepods due to their fruit resembling an ornate lance tip or a few beads on a string....
), giving rise to the population that corresponds to the city of Filadelfia, head of the canton.
In Executive Decree No. 22 of June 16, 1877, Carrillo was declared a canton of Guanacaste province. The oldest population of the canton is Sardinal, proof of this is the mention of the place made by Brother
Brother (Catholic)
A religious brother is a member of a Roman Catholic religious order who commits himself to following Christ in consecrated life of the church by the vows of poverty, celibacy, and obedience. A layman , he usually lives in a religious community and works in a ministry that suits his talents and gifts...
Don Antonio Muñoz, following his visit in late 1794 for a collection of handouts that he performed in several villages of Guanacaste.
In the decade of the '30s
1830s
- Wars :* The First Opium War between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire of China started in 1839. It would end three years later with the signing of the Treaty of Nanking on 29 August 1842.- Internal conflicts :* French Revolution of 1830...
of the 19th century, the residents of neighborhoods of Sietecueros and Sardinal, asked the then Head of State, Braulio Carrillo Colina, to be separated from the village of Santa Cruz and to be incorporated into Guanacaste City
Liberia, Costa Rica
Liberia is the capital and largest city of Guanacaste province, Costa Rica, located northwest of the national capital, San José.-Summary:With more than 35,000 inhabitants, Liberia is the regional hub of the Costa Rican northwest. The city center features a modern church, as many Costa Rican towns...
(now Liberia) in a civil and ecclesiastical way, this request was received when it was issued the Decree No. 5 of February 23, 1839.
In the school division in 1886, Sardinal was selected as the second school district of the canton in Law No. 60 of August 9, and Filadelfia was selected as part of the first school district. The main high school (Colegio Técnico Profesional Agropecuario, Agricultural Vocational Technical High School) began his teaching activities in 1965, during the administration of Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich
Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich
Francisco José Orlich Bolmarcich was President of Costa Rica from 1962 to 1966.He also ran for the presidency in 1958, but lost to Mario Echandi. His grandfather on the Orlich side and his mother came to Costa Rica from the town of Punat on the island of Krk, Croatia...
.
Political divisions
The canton of Carrillo is subdivided into four districtsDistricts of Costa Rica
| The cantons of Costa Rica are subdivided into 473 districts .-References:...
(distritos):
| District | Postal code | Alt. (m) | Area (km2) | Pop. (2008) | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Filadelfia | 50501 | 17 | 125.01 | 10°26′50"N 85°33′07"W | |
| Barrios: Bambú, Cinco Esquinas, Hollywood, La Cruz, Santa Lucía | |||||
| Poblados: Ballena (part), Corralillo, Guinea, Isleta (part), Jocote, Juanilama, Moralito, Ojoche, San Francisco | |||||
| Palmira | 50502 | 24 | 37.17 | 10°31′01"N 85°34′39"W | |
| Barrios: Coyolera, María Auxiliadora | |||||
| Poblados: Ángeles, Comunidad, Paso Tempisque (part), San Rafael | |||||
| Sardinal | 50503 | 46 | 240.45 | 10°31′02"N 85°38′56"W | |
| Barrios: Carpintera, Colegios, Verdún | |||||
| Poblados: Artola, Cacique, Coco, Chorrera, Guacamaya, Huaquitas, Libertad, Los Canales, Matapalo, Nancital, Nuevo Colón, Obandito, Ocotal, Pilas, Playa Hermosa, Playones, San Blas, San Martín, Santa Rita, Segovia, Tabores, Zapotal | |||||
| Belén | 50504 | 34 | 174.91 | 10°24′35"N 85°35′22"W | |
| Barrios: Villita | |||||
| Poblados: Alto San Antonio, Cachimbo, Castilla de Oro, Coyolito, Gallina, Juanilama, Loma Bonita, Llano, Ojochal, Palestina, Palmas, Paraíso, Penca, Planes, Poroporo, Río Cañas Nuevo, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo | |||||
Names of the Districts
One of the historical aspects of this canton is that none of the districts retained its original name.- Filadelfia, as the district head, was known as "Sietecueros" (Seven Leathers). It is not known why it has the current name.
- Palmira district was known as "Boquerones" (Anchovies), it has a population of 3974 inhabitants in an area of 37.1 km2.
- Belén district was known as "Villita" (Little Village), it has an area of 174.9 km2 and a population of 6071 inhabitants, its name comes in the wake of the festivities that were held each December 25 dedicated to the baby Jesus, since the priest Fray Juan Paz arrived in the community in 1885 and saw the devotion of the people for the Child JesusChild JesusThe Child Jesus represents Jesus from his Nativity to age 12. At 13 he was considered to be adult, in accordance with the Jewish custom of his time, and that of most Christian cultures until recent centuries.The Child Jesus is frequently depicted in art, from around the third or fourth century...
of Bethlehem and he proposed the name for that community. The present church was built in 1969 and the park was built in the period 1974-1978. - Sardinal district formerly called "Tamarindo" (TamarindTamarindTamarind is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic .-Origin:...
), it is one of the oldest towns, has an area of 240.4 km2 and a population of 10 118 inhabitants, and it is the largest in population and territory of the canton.
Geography
The canton borders with LiberiaLiberia Canton
Liberia is the first canton in the province of Guanacaste in Costa Rica. The canton covers an area of 1,436.47 km², and has a population of 50,359. Its capital is the provincial capital city of Liberia....
to the north, Santa Cruz to the south, Bagaces
Bagaces Canton
Bagaces is the fourth canton in the province of Guanacaste in Costa Rica. The canton covers an area of 1,273.49 km², and has a population of 17,087. Its capital city is also called Bagaces....
to the east and Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
to the west.
Demography
The movement of people (population) for these territories are from the party of NicoyaPartido de Nicoya
The Partido de Nicoya was a major part of what is now the Guanacaste province in Costa Rica. Originally the territory was bounded on the northeast by the La Flor river and Lake Cocibolca, or Lake Nicaragua, on the south by Costa Rica , and on the east by a line that joins the northernmost part of...
and Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
, possibly gave rise to the towns of Sietecueros, Tamarindo, Boquerones and Villita with people of mixed Spanish and indigenous people
Chorotega
Chorotega, also known as Mangue, was a language indigenous people of Honduras, Costa Rica and Nicaragua. The ethnic population number around 10,000. The Chorotega language, which was a member of the Manguean branch of the Oto-Manguean language family, is now extinct...
.
Geology
Carrillo is geologically constituted of materials of the CretaceousCretaceous
The Cretaceous , derived from the Latin "creta" , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide , is a geologic period and system from circa to million years ago. In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period of the...
, Tertiary
Tertiary
The Tertiary is a deprecated term for a geologic period 65 million to 2.6 million years ago. The Tertiary covered the time span between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary...
and Quaternary
Quaternary
The Quaternary Period is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the ICS. It follows the Neogene Period, spanning 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present...
, being Quaternary sedimentary rocks that dominate the region.
- Cretaceous rocks are volcanic sedimentary and intrusive.
- Among the materials of the Tertiary period, are sedimentary rocks of the Paleocene EoceneEoceneThe Eocene Epoch, lasting from about 56 to 34 million years ago , is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Palaeocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the...
period, which corresponds to the formation of Barra HondaBarra Honda National ParkBarra Honda National Park is a national park in the western part of Costa Rica, which forms part of the Tempisque Conservation Area about 12 km from the Tempisque River. It was created in 1974 to protect its famous cave systems, under the Barra Honda Peak which was formed when islets from the...
. - In Quaternary materials are located sedimentary rocks of the Holocene period, such as wetlands located in the area adjacent to the site Dalia.
Hydrography
The river system of Carrillo corresponds to the Pacific slope, Nicoya PeninsulaNicoya Peninsula
The Nicoya Peninsula is a peninsula on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and lies in the Guanacaste Province in the north, and the Puntarenas Province in the south. It is located at . It varies from 19 to wide and is approximately long, and forms the largest peninsula in the country. It is known...
and North Coast.
- Tempisque River
- Bolsón River
- Las Palmas River
- Cañas River
- Sardinal River
- San Blas River
- Belén River
- Gallina River
- Carrizal River
- Coyolito River
All these watercourses rise in Carrillo, except for Tempisque and Cañas, these rivers run from northwest to southeast. Rivers Cañas, Bolsón and Tempisque are cantonal boundaries, the first two with Santa Cruz and the last with Liberia and Bagaces.
Economy
During the 80's1980s
File:1980s decade montage.png|thumb|400px|From left, clockwise: The first Space Shuttle, Columbia, lifted off in 1981; American President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev eased tensions between the two superpowers, leading to the end of the Cold War; The Fall of the Berlin Wall in...
and the early 90's
1990s
File:1990s decade montage.png|From left, clockwise: The Hubble Space Telescope floats in space after it was taken up in 1990; American F-16s and F-15s fly over burning oil fields and the USA Lexie in Operation Desert Storm, also known as the 1991 Gulf War; The signing of the Oslo Accords on...
, this canton was one of the main producers of rice and cotton in Costa Rica. Due to El Niño
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
El Niño/La Niña-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, is a quasiperiodic climate pattern that occurs across the tropical Pacific Ocean roughly every five years...
and political reasons the production started to decay, causing losses of up to a thousand million colones, and the producers asked the government for a declaration of emergency.
This canton also provides more products such as:
- Beans (Black, red & white ones) (Phaseolus vulgaris)
- Cotton (Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutum, known as Upland Cotton or Mexican Cotton, is the most widely planted species of cotton in the United States, constituting some 95% of all cotton production and is native to Central America and possibly Mexico Worldwide, the figure is about 90% of all production for this...
) - Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii)
- Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)
- Honeydew (Cucumis meloHoneydew (melon)Honeydew is a cultivar group of the muskmelon, Cucumis melo Inodorus group, which includes crenshaw, casaba, Persian, winter, and other mixed melons.-Characteristics:...
)
In this region highlights two millionaires-income products:
- Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensisCantaloupe"Rockmelon" redirects here, for the band see Rockmelons. See also Cantaloupe .Cantaloupe refers to a variety of Cucumis melo, a species in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes nearly all melons and squashes. Cantaloupes range in size from...
) - Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
El Viejo Mill, CATSA Mill are in charge of the production of sugar and Melones de Costa Rica is charge of the cataloupe production.
Tourism
The canton receives revenue from its high tourism-related activities. Its main tourist attractions are the Gulf of PapagayoGulf of Papagayo
The Gulf of Papagayo is a large body of water off Guanacaste province and the northwestern coast of Costa Rica. It lies at .The Gulf and its coastline are part of a major tourism project by Costa Rica's government...
, Playa Hermosa, Playa Panama, Coco Beach
Playa del Coco
Playas del Coco is one of the oldest beach communities in Costa Rica. Playas del Coco is the oldest coastal community in Guanacaste Province. This area is also one of the fastest growing tourism areas in all of Costa Rica. It has long been one of the most popular tourist destinations of not only...
, Playa Ocotal, among others, fishing and diving activities can be performed there.
Coco Beach is offering various services such as restaurants and hotels, on the other beaches there are hotels and resorts as "Los Corales", "Condovac La Costa", among others.
Tempisque River is another attraction that crosses the canton and passed by the city of Filadelfia, it is possible to practice water sports such as fishing, swimming, and sailing, crossing the most impressive vegetation and observing the various species of flora and wildlife that is around it.
This area is the center of archaeological research which has yielded variety of pieces dating back thousands of years, which is why it is known as the National Archaeological Region.