Cademario
Encyclopedia
Cademario is a municipality
located in the district of Lugano
in the Swiss
canton
of Ticino
. Bordering municipalities are Aranno
, Bioggio
and Iseo
, in the Alto Malcantone area.
In 1939-40 at La Forcora, an Iron Age
cremation cemetery was discovered. The old municipality used to include the village of Bosco Luganese (now part of Bioggio
), which separated in 1783, Bioggio and perhaps Gaggio. The village parish
archive have the Community Laws from 1416 and 1474. By 1000 the Bishop of Como
owned property or rights in the village. Later, some of these rights were transferred to the Benedictine
Abbey of S. Abbondio in Como
. The old parish church
below the village has its origins in the Early Middle Ages
. Over the centuries the church underwent profound changes. It was enlarged and rebuilt with new fresco
es, and even re-aligned from the southeast to the north. The existing parish church of S. Maria del Popolo was built in the early 17th Century, and later enlarged. It was consecrated in 1833.
Since earliest times, the slopes around the village were planted with vineyards. In 1990, the vineyards covered an area of 600 hectares (1,482.6 acre), with about 22,000 vines. There used to be a settlement at Alp Agra, but only the name remains, the buildings are gone. In the 1920s, the majestic Kurhaus or medicinal spa, which dominates the village, was built.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.0%. Out of the forested land, 75.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 6.3% is used for growing crops, while 3.5% is used for orchards or vine crops and 6.1% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, in the upper Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Cademario and the hamlets
of Renera and Bogno.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(74.8%), with German
being second most common (16.3%) and Portuguese
being third (2.3%). Of the Swiss national languages , 97 speak German
, 11 people speak French
, 446 people speak Italian
, and 1 person speaks Romansh. The remainder (41 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. The population was made up of 270 Swiss men (39.4% of the population), and 62 (9.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 301 Swiss women (43.9%), and 53 (7.7%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 14 live births to Swiss citizens and 2 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 9 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 4 Swiss men and 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 4 non-Swiss men and 5 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 12 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 2 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.0%.
The age distribution, , in Cademario is; 80 children or 11.7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 68 teenagers or 9.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 53 people or 7.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 90 people or 13.1% are between 30 and 39, 124 people or 18.1% are between 40 and 49, and 75 people or 10.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 91 people or 13.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 68 people or 9.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 37 people or 5.4% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 51.7% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 266 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 224 single family homes (or 72.3% of the total) out of a total of 310 inhabited buildings. There were 43 two family buildings (13.9%) and 27 multi-family buildings (8.7%). There were also 16 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 475 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 152. There were 43 single room apartments and 126 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 263 apartments (55.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 206 apartments (43.4%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (1.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.8 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
of S. Ambrogio and the Necropolis a Forcora are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance
.
the most popular party was the FDP
which received 35.98% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(15.25%), the SP
(15.03%) and the SVP
(12.95%). In the federal election, a total of 238 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 48.0%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 480 registered voters in Cademario, of which 304 or 63.3% voted. 9 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 294 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT
which received 109 or 37.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
(with 55 or 18.7%), the LEGA
(with 38 or 12.9%) and the PPD
+GenGiova (with 32 or 10.9%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 5 blank ballots were cast, leaving 299 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 109 or 36.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 57 or 19.1%), the PS (with 56 or 18.7%) and the PPD (with 29 or 9.7%).
, there were 95 workers who commuted into the municipality and 180 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.9 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 17.9% of the workforce coming into Cademario are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.3% used a private car. , there were 2 hotels in Cademario.
. There are 72 individuals (or about 12.08% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 15 individuals (or about 2.52% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Cademario there were a total of 117 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Cademario there were 13 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years. In the municipality, 47 students attended the standard primary schools. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 34 students in the two year middle school, while 7 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 7 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 7 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 2 students in the professional program.
, there were 73 students in Cademario who came from another municipality, while 56 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
located in the district of Lugano
Lugano
Lugano is a city of inhabitants in the city proper and a total of over 145,000 people in the agglomeration/city region, in the south of Switzerland, in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino, which borders Italy...
in the Swiss
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
. Bordering municipalities are Aranno
Aranno
Aranno is a municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in southern Switzerland. Bordering municipalities are Cademario, Iseo, Alto Malcantone, Miglieglia and Novaggio....
, Bioggio
Bioggio
Bioggio is a municipality in the district of Lugano, in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.The municipality was created in 2004 with the union of old town of Bioggio, Bosco Luganese and Cimo. In the 2008 also Iseo has chosen to be part of municipality and be aggregated with the other old...
and Iseo
Iseo, Switzerland
Iseo was a municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was incorporated into the comune of Bioggio in 2007....
, in the Alto Malcantone area.
History
Cademario is first mentioned in 1163 as Cademerio. In 1335 it was mentioned as Cadelmario Superiore to distinguish it from Cadelmario Inferiore, which is now Bosco Luganese.In 1939-40 at La Forcora, an Iron Age
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing...
cremation cemetery was discovered. The old municipality used to include the village of Bosco Luganese (now part of Bioggio
Bioggio
Bioggio is a municipality in the district of Lugano, in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.The municipality was created in 2004 with the union of old town of Bioggio, Bosco Luganese and Cimo. In the 2008 also Iseo has chosen to be part of municipality and be aggregated with the other old...
), which separated in 1783, Bioggio and perhaps Gaggio. The village parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
archive have the Community Laws from 1416 and 1474. By 1000 the Bishop of Como
Roman Catholic Diocese of Como
The Catholic diocese of Como, in northern Italy, has existed since the fourth century. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Milan. The bishops' seat is in Como Cathedral....
owned property or rights in the village. Later, some of these rights were transferred to the Benedictine
Benedictine
Benedictine refers to the spirituality and consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century for the cenobitic communities he founded in central Italy. The most notable of these is Monte Cassino, the first monastery founded by Benedict...
Abbey of S. Abbondio in Como
Como
Como is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy.It is the administrative capital of the Province of Como....
. The old parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
below the village has its origins in the Early Middle Ages
Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages was the period of European history lasting from the 5th century to approximately 1000. The Early Middle Ages followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire and preceded the High Middle Ages...
. Over the centuries the church underwent profound changes. It was enlarged and rebuilt with new fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
es, and even re-aligned from the southeast to the north. The existing parish church of S. Maria del Popolo was built in the early 17th Century, and later enlarged. It was consecrated in 1833.
Since earliest times, the slopes around the village were planted with vineyards. In 1990, the vineyards covered an area of 600 hectares (1,482.6 acre), with about 22,000 vines. There used to be a settlement at Alp Agra, but only the name remains, the buildings are gone. In the 1920s, the majestic Kurhaus or medicinal spa, which dominates the village, was built.
Geography
Cademario has an area, , of 3.96 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi). Of this area, 0.63 km² (0.243244359913297 sq mi) or 15.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.1 km² (1.2 sq mi) or 78.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.33 km² (0.127413712335537 sq mi) or 8.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.09 km² (22.2 acre) or 2.3% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.0%. Out of the forested land, 75.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 6.3% is used for growing crops, while 3.5% is used for orchards or vine crops and 6.1% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, in the upper Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Cademario and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Renera and Bogno.
Demographics
Cademario has a population of . , 16.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 19.9%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(74.8%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (16.3%) and Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
being third (2.3%). Of the Swiss national languages , 97 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 11 people speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, 446 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
, and 1 person speaks Romansh. The remainder (41 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. The population was made up of 270 Swiss men (39.4% of the population), and 62 (9.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 301 Swiss women (43.9%), and 53 (7.7%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 14 live births to Swiss citizens and 2 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 9 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 4 Swiss men and 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 4 non-Swiss men and 5 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 12 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 2 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.0%.
The age distribution, , in Cademario is; 80 children or 11.7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 68 teenagers or 9.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 53 people or 7.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 90 people or 13.1% are between 30 and 39, 124 people or 18.1% are between 40 and 49, and 75 people or 10.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 91 people or 13.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 68 people or 9.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 37 people or 5.4% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 51.7% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 266 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 224 single family homes (or 72.3% of the total) out of a total of 310 inhabited buildings. There were 43 two family buildings (13.9%) and 27 multi-family buildings (8.7%). There were also 16 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 475 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 152. There were 43 single room apartments and 126 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 263 apartments (55.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 206 apartments (43.4%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (1.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.8 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1599 | 500 |
| 1696 | 370 |
| 1801 | 331 |
| 1900 | 347 |
| 1950 | 422 |
| 1990 | 474 |
| 2000 | 596 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The Parish ChurchParish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of S. Ambrogio and the Necropolis a Forcora are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
which received 35.98% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(15.25%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(15.03%) and the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
(12.95%). In the federal election, a total of 238 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 48.0%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 480 registered voters in Cademario, of which 304 or 63.3% voted. 9 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 294 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
which received 109 or 37.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 55 or 18.7%), the LEGA
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(with 38 or 12.9%) and the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova (with 32 or 10.9%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 5 blank ballots were cast, leaving 299 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 109 or 36.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 57 or 19.1%), the PS (with 56 or 18.7%) and the PPD (with 29 or 9.7%).
Economy
, Cademario had an unemployment rate of 4.59%. , there were 23 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 27 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 128 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 19 businesses in this sector. There were 266 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.1% of the workforce., there were 95 workers who commuted into the municipality and 180 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.9 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 17.9% of the workforce coming into Cademario are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.3% used a private car. , there were 2 hotels in Cademario.
Religion
From the , 430 or 72.1% were Roman Catholic, while 79 or 13.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 72 individuals (or about 12.08% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 15 individuals (or about 2.52% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Cademario about 70.5% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Cademario there were a total of 117 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Cademario there were 13 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years. In the municipality, 47 students attended the standard primary schools. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 34 students in the two year middle school, while 7 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 7 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 7 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 2 students in the professional program.
, there were 73 students in Cademario who came from another municipality, while 56 residents attended schools outside the municipality.