Burg Stargard
Encyclopedia
Burg Stargard is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte
district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
. It is situated 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Neubrandenburg
.
Burg Stargard is a small town in Mecklenburg Strelitz. In the town there are many clubs for example VFL Burg Stargard or SV Burg Stargard 09 and very famous places.
The famous places: Germany’s most northern castle on a mountain, the local museum in the castle, the historic city centre with the footpath over the seven mountains, the Marie Hager exhibition, the famous painter of Burg Stargard, the animal park.
language Polabian
. Allegedly, the bishopric of Havelberg
presented the castle to Broda Abbey on its foundation, but the relevant document is a forgery; the place is attested as Staregart in a later document, however, probably dating to the year 1244. Supposedly to avoid confusion with other cities named Stargard, the city has been known as Burg Stargard since 1929.
From the early 13th century, merchants and artisans started settling around the base of the castle, betraying the increasing colonisation of formerly Slavic areas and being of early importance as a centre of the Lordship of Stargard, named for the castle, with a Bergfried being erected in 1250. No archæological evidence can be found for earlier Slavic settlements in the location, however. The castle is now the most northerly high castle in Germany and the oldest secular building in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
In 1259, Brandenburg awarded Stargard with town privileges
. At the 1292 marriage of Henry II, Prince of Mecklenburg, the Lordship was given as dowry
by the Ascanians to the princes, who later became dukes of Mecklenburg, with Stargard becoming the residence of the princes of Mecklenburg-Stargard, an offshoot of the Mecklenburg dynasty, between 1352 and 1471. According to the Sächsischer Lehnsabhängigkeit, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
granted Reichsunmittelbarkeit to the territory on 16 October 1347, subsequently granting the territory as a fief of the Mecklenburg princes.
During the Thirty Years' War
, the castle served as headquarters for Johann t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly, general of the Imperial forces, later becoming a seat of ducal administration. The city suffered during the general decline of the region in the aftermath of the Thirty Years' War. In 1758 a major fire largely destroyed the city; emblematic of the city's fading fortunes, losing its local importance.
In the wake of the German Revolution
, a 1920 Amtsordnung redefined political borders in the area, with an Amt of Stargard based in Neubrandenburg
and an Amt of Strelitz, based in Neustrelitz
.
In 1929, the city of Stargard was renamed Burg Stargard, to differentiate it from other namesakes, particularly the nearby Stargard in Pommern, now Stargard Szczeciński
in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
of Poland
but then in the Prussia
n Province of Pomerania. On 10 January 1934, the two Ämter were merged into Kreis Strelitz district based in Neustrelitz, later to be known as Kreis Stargard. These local government arrangements survived until the 1952 reorganisation of local government within the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).
During World War II
, Jewish women from Poland, the Soviet Union
and France
were held in the "Nemerower Holz", an outpost of the Ravensbrück concentration camp
, where parts were manufactured for the V-1 flying bomb
, with between 1200 and 2000 women enduring forced labour here. In April 1945, camp Waldbau was emptied and the prisoners were forced on a death march
to Malchow
, where survivors were liberated by the Red Army
.
After the reunification of Germany, urban regeneration of the city included renovation of the castle and the historic town centre, though this latter is now falling into to decay.
The castle is now a major tourist attraction in the area, with spectacular views from the tower and special events such as an annual knights' tournament. In July 2009, there was a three-day festival celebrating the 750th anniversary of the town's charter, with a parade showing scenes from the town's history, a rock concert and a fireworks display.
, Hamburg
and Paris
. She died in Burg Stargard in 1947 and was buried in the local cemetery.
Carl Friedrich Stolte : Carl Friedrich Stolte (27 December 1824 – 19 April 1897) was born in Neustrelitz and became a teacher in Stargard in 1844. He studied in Mirow and worked after the ideas of Pestalozzi. He initiated a sports arena for physical education at Burg Stargard school and wrote textbooks for German and Geography lessons.
Johanna Beckmann : Johanna Beckmann (3 May 1868 – 8 February 1941) was born in Brüssow
and spent her childhood in Stargard. She was a china painter and silhouette artist. In April 1886 she began to work in Berlin at the royal arts and crafts museum
and the royal art school, later working as a designer at the Royal China Manufacture. She subsequently concentrated on developing her silhouette art, illustrating magazines and books. In 1913 she won a scholarship to Rome. In 1941, she died in Berlin; her grave in Burg Stargard is still a memorial today.
Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker
: Carl Rümker (28 May 1788 – 21 December 1862) was born in Stargard and studied at the Builders' Academy in Berlin, graduating in 1807 as a master builder. Rather than building, he taught mathematics in Hamburg until 1809 when he went to England to work for the East India Company
as midshipman
. In 1821 he went to New South Wales
as astronomer
at Sir Thomas Brisbane
's observatory. Rümker was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Astronomical Society together with £100, for his re-discovery of Encke's Comet in 1822 and also received the gold medal of the Institute of France. Rümker returned to Europe in 1830 and took charge of the new Hamburg Observatory, publishing a preliminary catalogue of the stars of the Southern Hemisphere
in 1832; from 1846–52 he published his great catalogue of 12,000 stars. He died in Lisbon
in 1862. His son George
took over as director of the Hamburg Observatory in 1857, where he served until his death in 1900.
, handball
, volleyball
and athletics.
with: Marne
in Dithmarschen
, Schleswig-Holstein
, Germany
, since 1990 Tychowo, Białogard County
in West Pomerania
, Poland
, since 2006
Mecklenburgische Seenplatte (district)
Mecklenburgische Seenplatte is a district in the southeast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is bounded by the districts Ludwigslust-Parchim, Rostock , Vorpommern-Rügen, Vorpommern-Greifswald, and the state Brandenburg to the south...
district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is situated 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Neubrandenburg
Neubrandenburg
Neubrandenburg is a city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located in the southeastern part of the state, on the shore of a lake called the Tollensesee ....
.
Burg Stargard is a small town in Mecklenburg Strelitz. In the town there are many clubs for example VFL Burg Stargard or SV Burg Stargard 09 and very famous places.
The famous places: Germany’s most northern castle on a mountain, the local museum in the castle, the historic city centre with the footpath over the seven mountains, the Marie Hager exhibition, the famous painter of Burg Stargard, the animal park.
History
The castle is first mentioned in 1170, as Stargart — meaning "old castle" in the now-extinct West SlavicWest Slavic languages
The West Slavic languages are a subdivision of the Slavic language group that includes Czech, Polish, Slovak, Kashubian and Sorbian.Classification:* Indo-European** Balto-Slavic*** Slavic**** West Slavic***** Czech-Slovak languages****** Czech...
language Polabian
Polabian language
The Polabian language is an extinct West Slavic language that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs in present-day North-Eastern Germany around the Elbe river, from which derives its name...
. Allegedly, the bishopric of Havelberg
Bishopric of Havelberg
The Bishopric of Havelberg was a Roman Catholic diocese founded by King Otto I, King of the Germans, in 946. The diocese was suffragan to the Archbishopric of Magdeburg. Its most famous bishop was Anselm of Havelberg. Its seat was in Havelberg in the Northern March and it roughly covered the...
presented the castle to Broda Abbey on its foundation, but the relevant document is a forgery; the place is attested as Staregart in a later document, however, probably dating to the year 1244. Supposedly to avoid confusion with other cities named Stargard, the city has been known as Burg Stargard since 1929.
From the early 13th century, merchants and artisans started settling around the base of the castle, betraying the increasing colonisation of formerly Slavic areas and being of early importance as a centre of the Lordship of Stargard, named for the castle, with a Bergfried being erected in 1250. No archæological evidence can be found for earlier Slavic settlements in the location, however. The castle is now the most northerly high castle in Germany and the oldest secular building in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
In 1259, Brandenburg awarded Stargard with town privileges
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...
. At the 1292 marriage of Henry II, Prince of Mecklenburg, the Lordship was given as dowry
Dowry
A dowry is the money, goods, or estate that a woman brings forth to the marriage. It contrasts with bride price, which is paid to the bride's parents, and dower, which is property settled on the bride herself by the groom at the time of marriage. The same culture may simultaneously practice both...
by the Ascanians to the princes, who later became dukes of Mecklenburg, with Stargard becoming the residence of the princes of Mecklenburg-Stargard, an offshoot of the Mecklenburg dynasty, between 1352 and 1471. According to the Sächsischer Lehnsabhängigkeit, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the second king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and the first king of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor....
granted Reichsunmittelbarkeit to the territory on 16 October 1347, subsequently granting the territory as a fief of the Mecklenburg princes.
During the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
, the castle served as headquarters for Johann t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly, general of the Imperial forces, later becoming a seat of ducal administration. The city suffered during the general decline of the region in the aftermath of the Thirty Years' War. In 1758 a major fire largely destroyed the city; emblematic of the city's fading fortunes, losing its local importance.
In the wake of the German Revolution
German Revolution
The German Revolution was the politically-driven civil conflict in Germany at the end of World War I, which resulted in the replacement of Germany's imperial government with a republic...
, a 1920 Amtsordnung redefined political borders in the area, with an Amt of Stargard based in Neubrandenburg
Neubrandenburg
Neubrandenburg is a city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located in the southeastern part of the state, on the shore of a lake called the Tollensesee ....
and an Amt of Strelitz, based in Neustrelitz
Neustrelitz
Neustrelitz is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated on the shore of the Zierker See in the Mecklenburg Lake District. From 1738 until 1918 it was the capital of the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz...
.
In 1929, the city of Stargard was renamed Burg Stargard, to differentiate it from other namesakes, particularly the nearby Stargard in Pommern, now Stargard Szczeciński
Stargard Szczecinski
Stargard Szczeciński is a city in northwestern Poland, with a population of 71,017 . Situated on the Ina River it is the capital of Stargard County and since 1999 has been in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship; prior to that it was in the Szczecin Voivodeship...
in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north...
of Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
but then in the Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n Province of Pomerania. On 10 January 1934, the two Ämter were merged into Kreis Strelitz district based in Neustrelitz, later to be known as Kreis Stargard. These local government arrangements survived until the 1952 reorganisation of local government within the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Jewish women from Poland, the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
were held in the "Nemerower Holz", an outpost of the Ravensbrück concentration camp
Ravensbrück concentration camp
Ravensbrück was a notorious women's concentration camp during World War II, located in northern Germany, 90 km north of Berlin at a site near the village of Ravensbrück ....
, where parts were manufactured for the V-1 flying bomb
V-1 flying bomb
The V-1 flying bomb, also known as the Buzz Bomb or Doodlebug, was an early pulse-jet-powered predecessor of the cruise missile....
, with between 1200 and 2000 women enduring forced labour here. In April 1945, camp Waldbau was emptied and the prisoners were forced on a death march
Death march
A death march is a forced march of prisoners of war or other captives or deportees. Those marching must walk over long distances for an extremely long period of time and are not supplied with food or water...
to Malchow
Malchow
Malchow is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany.-Geography:It is situated on the river Elde, 25,5 km west of Waren, and 35 km north of Wittstock.-History:...
, where survivors were liberated by the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
.
After the reunification of Germany, urban regeneration of the city included renovation of the castle and the historic town centre, though this latter is now falling into to decay.
The castle is now a major tourist attraction in the area, with spectacular views from the tower and special events such as an annual knights' tournament. In July 2009, there was a three-day festival celebrating the 750th anniversary of the town's charter, with a parade showing scenes from the town's history, a rock concert and a fireworks display.
Notable people from Burg Stargard
Marie Hager : Marie Hager (20 March 1872–1947) was a painter from Stargard, who had exhibitions in MunichMunich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
and Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. She died in Burg Stargard in 1947 and was buried in the local cemetery.
Carl Friedrich Stolte : Carl Friedrich Stolte (27 December 1824 – 19 April 1897) was born in Neustrelitz and became a teacher in Stargard in 1844. He studied in Mirow and worked after the ideas of Pestalozzi. He initiated a sports arena for physical education at Burg Stargard school and wrote textbooks for German and Geography lessons.
Johanna Beckmann : Johanna Beckmann (3 May 1868 – 8 February 1941) was born in Brüssow
Brüssow
Brüssow is a town in the Uckermark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated 16 km southeast of Pasewalk, and 27 km west of Szczecin....
and spent her childhood in Stargard. She was a china painter and silhouette artist. In April 1886 she began to work in Berlin at the royal arts and crafts museum
Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin
The Kunstgewerbemuseum, or Museum of Decorative Arts, is an internationally important museum of the decorative arts in Berlin, Germany, part of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin...
and the royal art school, later working as a designer at the Royal China Manufacture. She subsequently concentrated on developing her silhouette art, illustrating magazines and books. In 1913 she won a scholarship to Rome. In 1941, she died in Berlin; her grave in Burg Stargard is still a memorial today.
Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker
Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker
Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker was a German astronomer. In German, his name is spelt Karl Ludwig Christian Rümker; he was also known as Charles Rümker, Charles Rumker, Charles Luis Rumker, Christian Carl Ludwig Rümker and Dr...
: Carl Rümker (28 May 1788 – 21 December 1862) was born in Stargard and studied at the Builders' Academy in Berlin, graduating in 1807 as a master builder. Rather than building, he taught mathematics in Hamburg until 1809 when he went to England to work for the East India Company
East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
as midshipman
Midshipman
A midshipman is an officer cadet, or a commissioned officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Kenya...
. In 1821 he went to New South Wales
New South Wales
New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
as astronomer
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using...
at Sir Thomas Brisbane
Thomas Brisbane
Major-General Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane, 1st Baronet GCH, GCB, FRS, FRSE was a British soldier, colonial Governor and astronomer.-Early life:...
's observatory. Rümker was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Astronomical Society together with £100, for his re-discovery of Encke's Comet in 1822 and also received the gold medal of the Institute of France. Rümker returned to Europe in 1830 and took charge of the new Hamburg Observatory, publishing a preliminary catalogue of the stars of the Southern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
The Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth that lies south of the equator. The word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' or "half sphere"...
in 1832; from 1846–52 he published his great catalogue of 12,000 stars. He died in Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
in 1862. His son George
Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Rümker
Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Rümker was a German astronomerBorn at Hamburg, he was the son of Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker. He was astronomer at the observatory at Durham, England, from 1853 to 1856. He then became assistant at the Hamburger Sternwarte , then located at Stadtwall, and in 1862 was...
took over as director of the Hamburg Observatory in 1857, where he served until his death in 1900.
Sports
Burg Stargard has a multisports club, SV Burg Stargard 09, with around 400 sportsmen playing football (soccer)Football (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
, handball
Team handball
Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team...
, volleyball
Volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.The complete rules are extensive...
and athletics.
International relations
Burg Stargard is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Marne
Marne, Germany
Marne is a town in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the North Sea coast, approx. 30 km south of Heide, and 25 km northeast of Cuxhaven....
in Dithmarschen
Dithmarschen
Dithmarschen is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, and Steinburg, by the state of Lower Saxony , and by the North Sea.-Geography:The district is located on the North Sea...
, Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, since 1990 Tychowo, Białogard County
Tychowo, Białogard County
Tychowo is a town in Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Tychowo. It lies approximately south-east of Białogard and north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.Before 1945 the area was part of Germany and here was...
in West Pomerania
West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north...
, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, since 2006