Arp Schnitger
Encyclopedia
Arp Schnitger was a highly influential German organ
builder. He was primarily active in Northern Europe
, especially the Netherlands
and Germany
, where a number of his instruments survive to the present day; his organs can also be found as far away as Portugal and Brazil.
Notable examples still in use include the organ at St. Pancratiuskirche, Neuenfelde
, Hamburg
http://www.schnitgerorgel.de/html/empty.html (completed in 1688, his largest two-manual instrument); St. Jacobikirche, Hamburg (perhaps the most famous surviving Schnitger organ, completed in 1693)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/shamb.html; St. Martinikerk, Groningen, the Netherlands (1692)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/sgro03.html; St. Ludgerikirche, Norden (1688)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/snorden.html; St. Cosmae und Damianikirche, Stade (Schnitger's first organ, completed in 1676 after the death of his teacher Berendt Huss)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/sstade.html; St. Peter und Paulkirche, Cappel (perhaps the most authentic of Schnitger's organs still in existence, originally in the Johanniskirche, Hamburg, 1680)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/scappel.html; and St. Michaeliskerk, Zwolle, the Netherlands (completed by his son Franz Caspar after Schnitger's death)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/szwolle.html. Organs like this are credited with inspiring the renaissance in organ building during the early twentieth century, with a return to tracker action
and smaller, more cohesive instruments, as distinct from the late-Romantic trend of extremely large symphonic organs. In particular, the organ at the Jacobikirche, Hamburg, played a pivotal role in the organ reform movement
beginning in 1925, as a series of conferences taking place at historical organ sites in Germany and Alsace was inaugurated there.
The importance of Schnitger to the history of organ building cannot be overestimated. Schnitger was one of the most prolific builders of his time, completing more than 150 instruments and running several shops. His organ designs typify the essential North German organ: multiple divisions, usually with a rückpositif (division on the gallery rail, behind the player's back); large, independent pedal divisions, often placed in towers on either side of the main case; well-developed principal choruses in each division with abundant reeds, flutes, and mutation stops; and meantone temperament
. All of these features could be found on North German organs prior to Schnitger's activity; Schnitger's genius lay in his ability to synthesize these elements into a prototypical style of organ building, and in his prolific output. The latter was made possible by his good business sense: Schnitger was one of the first builders to use cost-cutting measures on a large scale to ensure the affordability of organs for small village churches.
Many of Schnitger's landmark instruments were actually rebuilds or expansions of existing organs (as at St. Jacobikirche, Hamburg, a renovation and enlargement of an earlier instrument by Fritzsche, 1635). Often, the expansion of the pedal division required the addition of pedal towers on either side of the case. This feature has come to be one of the most-typically associated with the North German style, despite the fact that a majority of smaller organs did not have pedal towers.
A number of Schnitger's organs were featured on recordings by E. Power Biggs
, who is generally credited with reintroducing them to modern listeners. More recently, Schnitger's organs can be heard on several recordings by German organist Harald Vogel
. Schnitger's instruments in Groningen, Uithuisen, Nordbroek and Nieuw Scheemda were featured in the documentary Martinikerk Rondeau
, in which Jurgen Ahrend
, Cor Edskes
and Bernhardt Edskes detail Schnitger's life and demonstrate his working methods. Schnitger's organs have also served as inspiration for many modern builders; GOArt
, a Swedish organ building consortium, has even gone so far as to build an exact copy of a Schnitger organ for research purposes.
Organ (music)
The organ , is a keyboard instrument of one or more divisions, each played with its own keyboard operated either with the hands or with the feet. The organ is a relatively old musical instrument in the Western musical tradition, dating from the time of Ctesibius of Alexandria who is credited with...
builder. He was primarily active in Northern Europe
Northern Europe
Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Northern Europe typically refers to the seven countries in the northern part of the European subcontinent which includes Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland and Sweden...
, especially the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
and Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, where a number of his instruments survive to the present day; his organs can also be found as far away as Portugal and Brazil.
Notable examples still in use include the organ at St. Pancratiuskirche, Neuenfelde
Neuenfelde
Neuenfelde is a rural quarter located in the borough Harburg of Hamburg, Germany near the Lower Saxony border. The quarter is well known for its quality of fruit and unique houses, many of which prove to be popular attractions for tourists passing through, it belongs to the Altes Land region and is...
, Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
http://www.schnitgerorgel.de/html/empty.html (completed in 1688, his largest two-manual instrument); St. Jacobikirche, Hamburg (perhaps the most famous surviving Schnitger organ, completed in 1693)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/shamb.html; St. Martinikerk, Groningen, the Netherlands (1692)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/sgro03.html; St. Ludgerikirche, Norden (1688)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/snorden.html; St. Cosmae und Damianikirche, Stade (Schnitger's first organ, completed in 1676 after the death of his teacher Berendt Huss)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/sstade.html; St. Peter und Paulkirche, Cappel (perhaps the most authentic of Schnitger's organs still in existence, originally in the Johanniskirche, Hamburg, 1680)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/scappel.html; and St. Michaeliskerk, Zwolle, the Netherlands (completed by his son Franz Caspar after Schnitger's death)http://www.arpschnitger.nl/szwolle.html. Organs like this are credited with inspiring the renaissance in organ building during the early twentieth century, with a return to tracker action
Tracker action
Tracker action is a term used in reference to pipe organs and steam calliopes to indicate a mechanical linkage between keys or pedals pressed by the organist and the valve that allows air to flow into pipe of the corresponding note...
and smaller, more cohesive instruments, as distinct from the late-Romantic trend of extremely large symphonic organs. In particular, the organ at the Jacobikirche, Hamburg, played a pivotal role in the organ reform movement
Organ reform movement
The Organ Reform Movement or Orgelbewegung was an early 20th century trend in pipe organ building, originating in Germany and already influential in the United States in the 1940s, waning only in the 1980s...
beginning in 1925, as a series of conferences taking place at historical organ sites in Germany and Alsace was inaugurated there.
The importance of Schnitger to the history of organ building cannot be overestimated. Schnitger was one of the most prolific builders of his time, completing more than 150 instruments and running several shops. His organ designs typify the essential North German organ: multiple divisions, usually with a rückpositif (division on the gallery rail, behind the player's back); large, independent pedal divisions, often placed in towers on either side of the main case; well-developed principal choruses in each division with abundant reeds, flutes, and mutation stops; and meantone temperament
Meantone temperament
Meantone temperament is a musical temperament, which is a system of musical tuning. In general, a meantone is constructed the same way as Pythagorean tuning, as a stack of perfect fifths, but in meantone, each fifth is narrow compared to the ratio 27/12:1 in 12 equal temperament, the opposite of...
. All of these features could be found on North German organs prior to Schnitger's activity; Schnitger's genius lay in his ability to synthesize these elements into a prototypical style of organ building, and in his prolific output. The latter was made possible by his good business sense: Schnitger was one of the first builders to use cost-cutting measures on a large scale to ensure the affordability of organs for small village churches.
Many of Schnitger's landmark instruments were actually rebuilds or expansions of existing organs (as at St. Jacobikirche, Hamburg, a renovation and enlargement of an earlier instrument by Fritzsche, 1635). Often, the expansion of the pedal division required the addition of pedal towers on either side of the case. This feature has come to be one of the most-typically associated with the North German style, despite the fact that a majority of smaller organs did not have pedal towers.
A number of Schnitger's organs were featured on recordings by E. Power Biggs
E. Power Biggs
Edward George Power Biggs , more familiarly known as E. Power Biggs, was a British-born American concert organist and recording artist.-Biography:...
, who is generally credited with reintroducing them to modern listeners. More recently, Schnitger's organs can be heard on several recordings by German organist Harald Vogel
Harald Vogel
Harald Vogel is a German organist, organologist, and author. He is a leading expert on Renaissance and Baroque keyboard music. He has been professor of organ at the University of the Arts Bremen since 1994.-Books & articles:...
. Schnitger's instruments in Groningen, Uithuisen, Nordbroek and Nieuw Scheemda were featured in the documentary Martinikerk Rondeau
Martinikerk Rondeau
Martinikerk Rondeau is a 110 minute documentary film directed by Will Fraser and produced by Fugue State Films for Boeijenga Music Publications, about the historic organs of the Dutch province of Groningen...
, in which Jurgen Ahrend
Jürgen Ahrend
Jürgen Ahrend is a German organ builder famous for restoring instruments such as the Rysum organ and the Arp Schnitger organ in St. Jacobi, Hamburg as well as building original instruments...
, Cor Edskes
Cor Edskes
Cor Edskes is one of the most important authorities on the history of organ building in Northern Europe. He acted as the consultant for the restoration of many of Europe's most important historical organs, including those in the Nieuwe Kerk and Roskilde Cathedral...
and Bernhardt Edskes detail Schnitger's life and demonstrate his working methods. Schnitger's organs have also served as inspiration for many modern builders; GOArt
GOArt
GOArt is a research center based in Gothenburg, Sweden. The institute conducts research in organ building and organ performance from a wide variety of angles....
, a Swedish organ building consortium, has even gone so far as to build an exact copy of a Schnitger organ for research purposes.
Surviving Schnitger organs
| year | town | church | | picture | manuals | stops | | original by Schnitger |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1668–75/88 | Stade Stade Stade is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany and part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region . It is the seat of the district named after it... (D) |
St. Cosmae et Damiani St. Cosmae et Damiani (Stade) The Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian, Stade is a Lutheran church in Stade, Germany.The church was built in the early 12th century and expanded in the 17th. The Baroque altar was crafted by Christian Precht in 1674–77, and the organ was built in 1668–75 by Berendt Hus and his nephew,... |
III/P | 42 | case, prospect, 35 stops (8 partly) | |
| 1677–79 | Bülkau Bülkau Bülkau is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany.-History: Bülkau belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, a territory of imperial immediacy established in 1180. In the mid-16th c. Bülkau adopted Lutheranism... (D) |
St. John the Baptist | I | 10 (?) | case, prospect; today II/P/22 | |
| 1678–79/1709 | Jork Jork Jork is a small town on the left bank of the Elbe, near Hamburg .Jork belongs to the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony. The town is the capital of the Altes Land, one of the biggest fruit growing areas in Europe, and Jork is home to a Fruit Research Center.-History:Jork was mentioned for the first... (D) |
St. Matthias | III/P | 35 | case, prospect; today II/P/22 | |
| 1680 | Cappel Cappel, Lower Saxony Cappel is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany.-History:Cappel, a town in the Land of Wursten, for long periods a rather autonomous peasant republic, had long been claimed by the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, which finally subjected the Land of Wursten in 1524. In... (D) |
St. Peter and Paul | II/P | 30 | case, prospect, 18 stops, 10 other old stops re-used by Schnitger | |
| 1678–82 | Oederquart Oederquart Oederquart is a municipality in the district of Stade, Lower Saxony, Germany.It belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown.... (D) |
St. Johannis | III/p | 28 | case, prospect; today II/P/17 | |
| 1682–83 | Lüdingworth (D) | St. Jacobi | III/P | 35 | case, prospect, 14 stops (complete or partly), much old pipework reused by Schnitger (half of the organ) | |
| 1684 | Elmshorn Elmshorn Elmshorn is a town in the district of Pinneberg in Schleswig-Holstein in Germany. It is located 32 km north of Hamburg at the small river Krückau, close to the Elbe river, is the sixth-largest city in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany... (D) |
St. Nicolai | II/P | 23 | case; today III/P/33 | |
| 1686 | Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808... -Bergstedt (D) |
Ev. Church | I | 8 | case, 2-3 stops | |
| 1687 | Blankenhagen Blankenhagen Blankenhagen is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.... (D) |
Village Church | II/p | 12 | case, 4-5 stops | |
| 1687 | Steinkirchen Steinkirchen, Lower Saxony Steinkirchen is a municipality in the district of Stade, Lower Saxony, Germany.It belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian... (D) |
St. Nicolai et Martini | II/P | 28 | case, prospect, 13 stops, 8 other partly | |
| 1683–88 | Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808... -Neuenfelde (D) |
St. Pankratius | II/P | 34 | case, prospect, 18 stops | |
| 1688 | Mittelnkirchen Mittelnkirchen Mittelnkirchen is a municipality in the district of Stade, Lower Saxony, Germany.-History:Mittelnkirchen belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In the mid-16th c. the inhabitants adopted Lutheranism... (D) |
St. Bartholomäus | II/p | 22 | 6-8 stops; today II/P/32 | |
| 1688–90 | Hollern Hollern-Twielenfleth Hollern-Twielenfleth is a municipality in the district of Stade, Lower Saxony, Germany.-History:In the year 1059 the district Twielenfleth was founded. It then belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first... (D) |
St. Mauritius | II/P | 24 | case, prospect, 13 stops (complete or partly) | |
| 1686–88/1691–92 | Norden Norden, Lower Saxony Norden is a town in the district of Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the North Sea shore, in East Frisia.-External links:* *... (D) |
St. Ludgeri | III/P | 46 | case, 13 stops, 8 old stops reused by Schnitger | |
| 1691–92 | Groningen (NL) | Martinikerk Martinikerk Martinikerk is the oldest church in Groningen, The Netherlands. The church and its associated tower are named after Saint Martin of Tours , the patron saint of the Archbishopric of Utrecht to which Groningen belongs.... |
III/P | 53 | case of the pedal, prospect, 6 stops, other old stops reused by Schnitger; today III/P/52 | |
| 1689–93 | Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808... (D) |
St. Jacobi St. Jacobi, Hamburg The St. Jacobi church is one of the five principal Lutheran churches of Hamburg, Germany. The church is located directly in the city center, has a 125 m tall tower and features a famous organ by Arp Schnitger from 1693. It is dedicated to St James the Greater and often incorrectly known in English... |
IV/P | 60 | 43 stops (complete or partly), some reused by Schnitger → Schnitger organ (Hamburg) Schnitger organ (Hamburg) The Arp Schnitger organ in St. Jacobi Church, Hamburg, , one of the five Hauptkirchen of Hamburg, is a world-famous monument of North-German organ building, and the largest surviving baroque organ in Northern Europe.... |
|
| 1693 | Groningen (NL) | Pelstergasthuiskerk | II/p | 20 | case, 2 register (7 partly) | |
| 1693 | Eutin Eutin Eutin is the district capital of Eastern Holstein located in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein. As of 2005, it had some 17,000 inhabitants.... (D) |
castle | I | 9 | case | |
| 1693–94 | Grasberg Grasberg Grasberg is a municipality in the district of Osterholz, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 13 km southeast of Osterholz-Scharmbeck, and 20 km northeast of Bremen.-History:... (D) |
Luth. Church | II/P | 21 | case, 14 stops | |
| 1695–96 | Noordbroek Noordbroek Noordbroek is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Menterwolde, about 8 km northeast of Hoogezand.Noordbroek was a separate municipality until 1965, when it became part of Oosterbroek.-External links:*... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | II/P | 20 | case, 10-11 stops; today II/P/24 | |
| 1695–96 | Harkstede Harkstede Harkstede is a small village in Slochteren, Groningen , the Netherlands. Its name is "Haarkstee" in the local dialect, the Gronings. The name is probably meant as "Arkes Stee", which means "pleace for a ark = church". Harkstede has about 3000 inhabitants, what makes it one of the smaller villages... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | I | 7 | case, prospect, 5 stops; today I/p/9 (10) | |
| 1696–97 | Peize Peize Peize is a village in the Dutch province of Drenthe. Located in the northern part of Drenthe approximately 10 kilometers South of the city of Groningen... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | II/P | 22 | case, prospect, 4-6 stops, old stops reused by Schnitger | |
| 1697–98 | Strückhausen Stedingen Stedingen is an area north of Bremen in the delta of the Weser river in north-western Germany.-Founding:In the year 1106, five Dutchmen made a long journey from the mouth of the Rhine to Bremen. They wanted to talk to the Archbishop of Bremen about taking over settling land on the Weser River,... (D) |
St. Johannes | II/p | 12 | case of the Hauptwerk, 2 stops; today II/P/15 | |
| 1697–98 | Dedesdorf Loxstedt Loxstedt is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated south of Bremerhaven.- History :... (D) |
St. Laurentius | II/p | 12 | case of the manuals, 10 stops; today II/P/18 | |
| 1697–98 | Golzwarden (D) | St. Bartholomäus | II/P | 20 | case; today II/P/22 | |
| 1699 | Nieuw-Scheemda Scheemda Scheemda is a former municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands. Since January 1, 2010 it forms a part of Oldambt.- Population centres :Heiligerlee, Midwolda, Nieuw-Scheemda, Nieuwolda, Oostwold, Scheemda, 't Waar and Westerlee.... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | I/p | 8 | case, 4-6 stops | |
| 1696–99 | Mensingeweer De Marne De Marne is a municipality in the northeast of the Netherlands.- Population centres :Broek, Eenrum, Hornhuizen, Houwerzijl, Kleine Huisjes, Kloosterburen, Kruisweg, Lauwersoog, Leens, Mensingeweer, Molenrij, Niekerk, Pieterburen, Schouwerzijl, Ulrum, Vierhuizen, Warfhuizen, Wehe-den Hoorn,... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | I | 9 | case, prospekt, 6 stops | |
| 1699 | Ganderkesee Ganderkesee Ganderkesee is a municipality in Oldenburg district, in Lower Saxony, Germany.-Geographical Location:Ganderkesee is located on the northern edge of a nature park called "Wildeshauser Geest". The northernmost part of the community is in the glacial valley of the Weser... (D) |
St. Cyprian und Cornelius | II/p | 16 | case, prospect, 9 stops; today II/P/22 | |
| 1700–01 | Uithuizen Uithuizen Uithuizen is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Eemsmond. Uithuizen has a railway station.Uithuizen was a separate municipality until 1979, when it became part of Hefshuizen.... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | II/P | 28 | case, 19 stops, 6 others partly | |
| 1701 | Maia, Portugal Maia, Portugal Maia Municipality is located in the Porto Metropolitan Area, Grande Porto subregion, in Norte Region, Portugal. The city of Maia includes the parishes of Gueifães, Maia and Vermoim, and has 39,949 inhabitants. The Maia Municipality comprises 135,049 inhabitants in 17 parishes for a total land... |
Monastery Church San Salvador | http://www.arpschnitger.nl/smoreira12.jpg | II | 12 | case, 11 stops |
| 1701 | Mariana, Minas Gerais Mariana, Minas Gerais Mariana is the oldest city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is a touristic city, founded on July 16, 1696, and retains the characteristics of a baroque city, with its churches, buildings and museums.-Further reading:... (Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... ) |
Cathedral Nossa Senhora da Assunção | II/p | 18 | case, prospect, 14 stops (complete or partly); probably by Schnitger's co-worker Heinrich Hullenkampf | |
| 1701 | Faro, Portugal Faro, Portugal Faro is the southernmost city in Portugal. It is located in the Faro Municipality in southern Portugal. The city proper has 41,934 inhabitants and the entire municipality has 58,305. It is the seat of the Faro District and capital of the Algarve region... |
Cathedral | II | 22 | probably by Schnitger's co-worker Heinrich Hullenkampf | |
| 1699–1702 | Clausthal-Zellerfeld Clausthal-Zellerfeld Clausthal-Zellerfeld is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the southwestern part of the Harz mountains. Its population is approximately 15,000, Clausthal-Zellerfeld is also the seat of the Samtgemeinde Oberharz.... (D) |
St. Salvatoris | III/P | 55 | case; today II/P/29 | |
| 1700–02 | Groningen (NL) | Der Aa-kerk Der Aa-kerk The Der Aa-kerk is the second Middle Ages church building in the city center of Groningen, The Netherlands .- History :... |
III/P | 32 | case, prospect, ca. 13 stops, 10 old stops reused by Schnitger; today III/P/40 | |
| 1702 | Estebrügge (D) | St. Martin | II/P | 34 | case | |
| 1704 | Eenum Loppersum Loppersum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands in the province of Groningen.- Population centres :Eekwerd, Eekwerderdraai, Eenum, Fraamklap, Garrelsweer, Garsthuizen, Hoeksmeer, Honderd, Huizinge, Kolhol, Leermens, Loppersum, Lutjerijp, Lutjewijtwerd, Merum, Middelstum,... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | I | 10 | case, prospect, 4-6 stops; today I/p/10 | |
| 1704 | Godlinze Godlinze Godlinze is a town in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Delfzijl, and lies about 24 km northeast of Groningen.In 2001, the town of Godlinze had 133 inhabitants... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | II/p (?) | 16 | case, prospect, 8-9 stops; today I/p/12 | |
| 1705 | Accum Schortens Schortens is a town in the district of Friesland in Lower Saxony, Germany.-Division of the town:The town consists of the following parts: Schortens, Heidmühle, Grafschaft, Accum, Sillenstede, Schoost, Roffhausen, Middelsfähr, Addernhausen, Oestringfelde, Ostiem and Upjever.-History:The first traces... (D) |
St. Willehad | II/p | 14 | case | |
| 1707–08 | Lenzen Lenzen Lenzen is a small town in the district of Prignitz, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is part of the Amt Lenzen-Elbtalaue.-Overview:Lenzen is situated near the Elbe, approx. 20 km northwest of Wittenberge. It was the scene of an early victory by the Germans over the Wends in 929... (D) |
St. Katharinen | II/P | 27 | case partly, 2-3 stops | |
| 1707–08 | Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808... -Ochsenwerder (D) |
St. Pankratius | II/P | 30 | case, prospect, 5-11 stops; today II/P/24 | |
| 1709–10 | Weener Weener Weener is a town in the district of Leer, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the border with the Netherlands, on the river Ems, approx. 10 km southwest of Leer, and 25 km southeast of Emden... (D) |
St.-Georg | II/p | 22 | case, 6 stops; today II/P/29 | |
| 1710–11 | Pellworm Pellworm Pellworm is one of the North Frisian Islands on the North Sea coast of Germany. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Its area is 37 km², and its population is roughly 1,200.... (D) |
Old Church | II/P | 24 | case, 11 stops (complete or partly) | |
| 1710–11 | Sneek Sneek Sneek is a city southwest of Leeuwarden and seat of the former municipality of Sneek in the province of Friesland . As for 2011 it is part of the municipality Súdwest Fryslân... (NL) |
Grote of Martinikerk | III/P | 36 | case, prospect, 10 stops (complete or partly) | |
| 1711 | Ferwert Ferwert Ferwert is a small village in Ferwerderadiel in the province Friesland of the Netherlands and has around 1900 citizens.... (NL) |
Hervormde Kerk | II/P | 26 | 5 stops | |
| 1710–13 | Abbehausen Nordenham Nordenham is a town in the Wesermarsch district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located at the mouth of the Weser river on the Butjadingen peninsula on the coast of the North Sea. The seaport city of Bremerhaven is located on the other side of the river... (D) |
St. Laurentius | II/P | 24 | case, prospect, 2 stops | |
| 1714–16 | Rendsburg Rendsburg Rendsburg is a town on the River Eider and the Kiel Canal in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the Kreis of Rendsburg-Eckernförde. As of 2006, it had a population of 28,476.-History:... (D) |
Christuskirche | II/P | 29 | case, 4 stops; today IV/P/51 | |
| 1715–19 | Itzehoe Itzehoe Itzehoe is a town in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.As the capital of the district Steinburg, Itzehoe is located on the Stör, a navigable tributary of the Elbe, 51 km northwest of Hamburg and 24 km north of Glückstadt... (D) |
St. Laurentii | IV/P | 43 | case, prospect; today IV/P/58 | |
| 1719–21 | Zwolle Zwolle Zwolle is a municipality and the capital city of the province of Overijssel, Netherlands, 120 kilometers northeast of Amsterdam. Zwolle has about 120,000 citizens.-History:... (NL) |
Grote of Sint-Michaëlskerk | IV/P | 64 | case, main part of the stops; finished by the sons Franz Caspar Schnitger and Johann Georg Schnitger |
See also
- Pipe organPipe organThe pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air through pipes selected via a keyboard. Because each organ pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ranks, each of which has a common timbre and volume throughout the keyboard compass...
- Johann Sebastian BachJohann Sebastian BachJohann Sebastian Bach was a German composer, organist, harpsichordist, violist, and violinist whose sacred and secular works for choir, orchestra, and solo instruments drew together the strands of the Baroque period and brought it to its ultimate maturity...
- Dieterich BuxtehudeDieterich BuxtehudeDieterich Buxtehude was a German-Danish organist and composer of the Baroque period. His organ works represent a central part of the standard organ repertoire and are frequently performed at recitals and in church services...
- North German Organ School
External links
- Organs of Arp Schnitger
- Arp Schnitger, Organ Builder – Organ Itinerary. In Google Earth Community.
- http://www.schnitgerorgel.de
- http://www.fuguestatefilms.co.uk/martinikerk