505th Command and Control Wing
Encyclopedia
The United States Air Force
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on September 18, 1947 under the National Security Act of...

's 505th Command and Control Wing is organized under the USAF Warfare Center. The 505th CCW is dedicated to improving warfighter readiness through integrated training, tactics
Military tactics
Military tactics, the science and art of organizing an army or an air force, are the techniques for using weapons or military units in combination for engaging and defeating an enemy in battle. Changes in philosophy and technology over time have been reflected in changes to military tactics. In...

 development and testing for operational-level command and control of air, space and cyberspace. It hosts the Air Force's only Air Operations Center
Air Operations Center
An Air and Space Operations Center is a type of command center used by the United States Air Force. It is the senior agency of the Air Force component commander to provide command and control of air and space operations....

 Formal Training Unit, located at Hurlburt Field
Hurlburt Field
Hurlburt Field is a U.S. Air Force installation located in Okaloosa County, Florida, immediately west of the Town of Mary Esther. It is part of the greater Eglin Air Force Base reservation, and is home to Headquarters Air Force Special Operations Command , the 1st Special Operations Wing , the...

, Florida.

Mission

The mission of the 505th CCW is to improve warfighter capability through command and control testing, tactics development and training. While the mission focuses on Component Numbered Air Forces (C-NAF) attached and assigned forces, the wing is also tasked to support joint and coalition forces engaged in all aspects of command and control, or C2. C2 is where the integration of air, space and cyber happens! Through a multi-disciplinary approach to training and development of tactics, techniques and procedures (TTP) for C-NAF Headquarters; testing and training of key C2 systems; comprehensive, realistic, cutting-edge operational through tactical-level live, virtual and constructive exercises, the 505th is postured to provide the best possible support to Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, and Marines fighting and winning our nation's battles.
The 505th CCW is responsible for developing the combat capability of the Air and Space Operations Center (AOC)
Air Operations Center
An Air and Space Operations Center is a type of command center used by the United States Air Force. It is the senior agency of the Air Force component commander to provide command and control of air and space operations....

 and for developing and integrating joint live, virtual and constructive training capabilities within the Air Force Distributed Mission Operations Center. In addition to hosting the Air Force's only AOC Formal Training Unit, the 505th CCW delivers realistic, cutting-edge operational C2 training through Blue Flag, Virtual Flag, Joint Expeditionary Force Experiment and equivalent overseas Combatant Command and Service exercises and executes operational test for all elements of the Theater Air Control System including E-3A AWACS
E-3 Sentry
The Boeing E-3 Sentry is an airborne warning and control system developed by Boeing as the prime contractor. Derived from the Boeing 707, it provides all-weather surveillance, command, control and communications, and is used by the United States Air Force , NATO, Royal Air Force , French Air Force...

, E-8 Joint STARS
E-8 Joint STARS
The Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System is a battle management and command and control aircraft of the United States Air Force...

, Command Reporting Center, AOC, Air Force Digital Common Ground Station and Tactical Air Control Party. Through the Operational Command Training Program, Air Force retired three-star general officer Senior Mentors train Air Force, joint and coalition operational-level commanders and their staffs.

505th CCW Detachment 1 at Fort Leavenworth
Fort Leavenworth
Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army facility located in Leavenworth County, Kansas, immediately north of the city of Leavenworth in the upper northeast portion of the state. It is the oldest active United States Army post west of Washington, D.C. and has been in operation for over 180 years...

, Kansas
Kansas
Kansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...

 advises the United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...

 Combined Arms Center Commanding General and key staff on all aspects of air and space power doctrine and employment, and integrates realistic air and space capabilities in the Army's worldwide Battle Command Training Program. Det 1 integrates a doctrinally-correct representation of air power in Army Mission Rehearsal Exercises and Warfighter Exercises.

The unique mission of the 84th Radar Evaluation Squadron is to provide Department of Defense radar planning, integration and evaluations while simultaneously monitoring the U.S. radar
Radar
Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...

 grid.

Through a multi-disciplinary approach to training and development of tactics, techniques, and procedures for the AOC; testing and training of key C2 systems; and comprehensive, realistic, state-of-the-art operational and tactical live, virtual and constructive exercises, the 505th CCW prepares Air Force, joint and coalition forces for crisis, contingency and combat operations.

Subordinate units

  • Detachment 1 - Fort Leavenworth
    Fort Leavenworth
    Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army facility located in Leavenworth County, Kansas, immediately north of the city of Leavenworth in the upper northeast portion of the state. It is the oldest active United States Army post west of Washington, D.C. and has been in operation for over 180 years...

    , Kansas
    Kansas
    Kansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...

  • 505th Training Group - Hurlburt Field
    Hurlburt Field
    Hurlburt Field is a U.S. Air Force installation located in Okaloosa County, Florida, immediately west of the Town of Mary Esther. It is part of the greater Eglin Air Force Base reservation, and is home to Headquarters Air Force Special Operations Command , the 1st Special Operations Wing , the...

    , Florida
    • 505th Training Squadron - Hurlburt Field
    • 505th Combat Training Squadron - Hurlburt Field
    • 505th Communications Squadron - Hurlburt Field
    • 705th Training Squadron - Hurlburt Field
  • 505th Test and Evaluation Group - Nellis Air Force Base
    Nellis Air Force Base
    Nellis Air Force Base is a United States Air Force Base, located approximately northeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. It is under the jurisdiction of Air Combat Command .-Overview:...

    , Nevada
    Nevada
    Nevada is a state in the western, mountain west, and southwestern regions of the United States. With an area of and a population of about 2.7 million, it is the 7th-largest and 35th-most populous state. Over two-thirds of Nevada's people live in the Las Vegas metropolitan area, which contains its...

    • 84th Radar Evaluation Squadron - Hill Air Force Base
      Hill Air Force Base
      Hill Air Force Base is a major U.S. Air Force Base located in northern Utah, just south of the city of Ogden, and near the towns of Clearfield, Riverdale, Roy, Sunset, and Layton. It is about north of Salt Lake City. The base was named in honor of Major Ployer Peter Hill of the U.S. Army Air...

      , Utah
      Utah
      Utah is a state in the Western United States. It was the 45th state to join the Union, on January 4, 1896. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,763,885 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the...

    • 505th Test Squadron - Nellis Air Force Base
    • 605th Test and Evaluation Squadron (TES) - Hurlburt Field
      • 605 TES, Detachment 1 - Seattle, Washington
      • 605 TES, Detachment 2 - Melbourne International Airport
        Melbourne International Airport
        Melbourne International Airport is a public airport located 1 1/2 miles northwest of the downtown business district of Melbourne, a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. Located on central Florida's Space Coast, the airport is accessed via NASA Boulevard...

        , Florida
    • 705th Combat Training Squadron - Kirtland Air Force Base

World War II

The Wing has a unique history dating back to the establishment of the Seattle Air Defense Wing in the Summer of 1942. The wing was established as an air defense organization to provide protection primarily for the Boeing plants and the multitude of military facilities in the northwest basically from Vancouver
Vancouver
Vancouver is a coastal seaport city on the mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It is the hub of Greater Vancouver, which, with over 2.3 million residents, is the third most populous metropolitan area in the country,...

, British Columbia
British Columbia
British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...

 to Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the Pacific Northwest, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States...

. It was established in mid-1942 after Second Air Force
Second Air Force
The Second Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command . It is headquartered at Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi....

 shifted its mission from air defense of the northwest to a training organization of heavy bomber crews and groups. The Wing consisted of fighter groups assigned to McChord Field and other fighter airfields in the northwest engaged in training by Fourth Air Force
Fourth Air Force
The Fourth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Reserve . It is headquartered at March Air Reserve Base, California....

 for third stage training in the Washington-Oregon region which were attached to the wing, and would, if necessary, provide a defensive unit in case of, presumably, a Japanese attack.

By mid-1943 the fortunes of war had eliminated the threat of an air raid by the Japanese on the West Coast; and the wing was reduced to an administrative unit under IV Fighter Command
IV Fighter Command
The IV Fighter Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to Fourth Air Force, based at Oakland Airport, California...

, later being reassigned to Fourth Air Force. It was designated as a Defense Region, remaining an administrative organization until the end of the war.

Postwar era

The organization was placed in a provisional status in January 1945, being re-designated as the Seattle Provisional Control Group, it controlled little or no assets, being under the Fourth Air Force 321st Wing (Special). Its mission remained the air defense of the Pacific Northwest and in July 1946, moved from Fourth Air Force Headquarters in San Francisco to a location in the Seattle area. It was assigned to the new Air Defense Command upon its activation on 21 March 1946. It coordinated air defense in the Northwest, being re-designated the 412th Western Aircraft Control and Warning Group on 1 March 1947.

On 2 May 1947, it was again reformed as the 505th Aircraft Control and Warning Group (ACWG). Stationed at McChord Field (later Air Force Base), Washington, the group was activated under the Air Defense Command becoming the first post-World War II air control and warning unit. For the remainder of 1947 the group supported two radar stations, one at Arlington, Washington
Arlington, Washington
Arlington is a city in northern Snohomish County, Washington, United States, bordered by the city of Marysville to the south. The population was 17,926 at the 2010 census.-History:...

, and one at Half Moon Bay
Half Moon Bay
Half Moon Bay is a city in San Mateo County, CaliforniaHalf Moon Bay may also refer to:- Geographic features :* Half Moon Bay , a bay on the San Mateo County Coast of California...

 near San Francisco
Francisco
Francisco is a Spanish and Portuguese male name form of the name "Francis".In Spanish, people with the name Francisco sometimes are nicknamed "Paco": San Francisco de Asís was known as Pater Comunitatis when he founded the Franciscan order, "Paco" is a short form of "Pater Comunitatis"...

, California. These stations worked with fighter squadrons to perfect ground-control and interception techniques. The group included a fleet of B-25 Mitchell
B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell was an American twin-engined medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation. It was used by many Allied air forces, in every theater of World War II, as well as many other air forces after the war ended, and saw service across four decades.The B-25 was named...

s used extensively to perform radar calibration flights. The experience gained from operating the two sites proved invaluable to air defense planners who were in the process of designing a nationwide early warning radar network.

As tensions increased between the US and the USSR, the importance of the 505th mission grew. In September 1949, the group no longer operated B-25’s yet they remained focused on early warning systems, supporting detachments up and down the Pacific Northwest coast. The group provided early warning operating radar systems including the AN/TPS-1. With a growing movement to assign homeland defense to reserve units, the 505 ACWG inactivated on 6 February 1952. However, this would not mark the end of the 505th. The Air Force would revive the unit and its expertise with radars 13 years later

Vietnam War

On 2 November 1965, the 505 ACWG was re-activated as the 505th Tactical Control Group (TCG). Replacing the 6250th Tactical Air Support Group that activated three months earlier, 505 TCG called Tan Son Nhut Air Base
Tan Son Nhut Air Base
Tan Son Nhut Air Base was a Republic of Vietnam Air Force facility. It is located near the city of Saigon in southern Vietnam. The United States used it as a major base during the Vietnam War , stationing Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine units there...

 in South Vietnam
South Vietnam
South Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...

 home. The 505th was responsible to provide Command and Control (C2), for the Tactical Control System in Southeast Asia (SEA). This mission included the operation of numerous radar sites throughout South Vietnam and Thailand from 1965 to 1973. In addition to the radar sites, the group managed O-1 Bird Dogs assigned to five squadrons from late 1965 through 1966. These O-1 units included the 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd and 23d Tactical Air Support Squadrons operating from various bases throughout SEA. Forward Air Controllers (FACs) flew the “Bird Dogs” to find and mark enemy activity, direct air strikes and perform battle damage assessment.

Initially assigned to the 2d Air Division in Vietnam, the 505th re-aligned under the Seventh Air Force
Seventh Air Force
The Seventh Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces . It is headquartered at Osan Air Base, Republic of Korea....

 on 1 April 1966. Soon afterward, the 505th received approval for its emblem and official motto - “Search and Direct.” The group eventually lost its flying squadrons but the radar mission grew. The 505th distinguished itself as the only unit to furnish all of SEA an electronics ground environment system for aircraft control and warning and radar services. After eight years of service in Vietnam the group earned thirteen campaign streamers and five Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards with Combat “V” devices. With the end of the war in 1973 came the unit’s inactivation.

Post-Vietnam era

The 505th’s lineage continued with the activation of the 4442d Tactical Control Group on 1 March 1980. Functioning as the 4442d, the unit aligned under the USAF Tactical Air Warfare Center. The group established a headquarters at Hurlburt Field, Florida where it managed a command, control, communications (C3) and intelligence complex. Along with the C3 operations, the unit conducted operational tests and evaluated tactical air control elements. They also provided training on tactical air control and operated the USAF Air Ground Operations School until 1997. The 505th has remained at Hurlburt since 1980 but received several name changes to match the evolution of its mission.

With the elimination of MAJCOMs in 1991, the unit re-designated as the 505th Air Control Group. In April 1993, when the 505th began operating the new USAF Battlestaff Training School, the Air Force renamed the unit 505th Command and Control Evaluation Group. At the same time, the mission expanded to include a new detachment at Kirkland AFB, New Mexico. By 1998, with the ever-increasing importance of the Air Operations Center as a weapons system and the units expanding mission to train personnel in its use, the Air Force again changed the 505th’s name, this time to the Air Force Command and Control Training and Innovation Center (AFC2TIC). The center continued to test new command and control systems and train personnel on their use in combat. Realizing that the center incorporated more than just a building with several detachments located around the US, the Air Force gave it group status on 15 April 1999. The group carried its mission into the 21st century providing modern training and techniques to increase the command and control capabilities at the operational level of the Air Force.

Current era

After almost 54 years of re-designation, inactivation, consolidation and renaming, the group finally became a wing on 12 March 2004. Now the 505th Command and Control Wing, it controls three groups: the 505th Training Group at Hurlburt Field; the 505th Test and Evaluation Group at Nellis AFB; and the 505th Distributed Warfare Group at Kirtland Air Force Base
Kirtland Air Force Base
Kirtland Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in the southeast quadrant of the Albuquerque, New Mexico urban area, adjacent to the Albuquerque International Sunport. The base was named for the early Army aviator Col. Roy C. Kirtland...

, New Mexico
New Mexico
New Mexico is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. With a population density of 16 per square mile, New Mexico is the sixth-most sparsely inhabited U.S...

.

Lineage

  • Constituted as Seattle Air Defense Wing on 6 August 1942
Activated on 11 August 1942
Re-designated Seattle Fighter Wing in July 1943
Re-designated Seattle Air Defense Region 1 Jul 1944
Re-designated Seattle Provisional Control Group, 1 January 1945
Re-designated Seattle Control Group, 1 January 1947
Re-designated 412th Western Aircraft Control and Warning Group, 1 March 1947
Re-designated 505th Aircraft Control and Warning Group on 2 May 1947.
Activated on 21 May 1947.
Inactivated on 6 February 1952.
  • Redesignated 505th Tactical Control Group, and activated, on 2 November 1965.
Organized on 8 November 1965.
Inactivated on 15 March 1973.
  • Consolidated (1 November 1991) with the 4442 Tactical Control Group, which was established, and activated, on 1 March 1980.
Redesignated: 505th Air Control Group on 1 November 1991
Redesignated: 505th Command and Control Evaluation Group on 15 April 1993
Redesignated: Air Force Command and Control Training and Innovation Center on 15 September 1998
Redesignated: Air Force Command and Control Training and Innovation Group on 15 April 1999
Redesignated: 505th Command and Control Wing on 12 March 2004.

Assignments

  • IV Fighter Command
    IV Fighter Command
    The IV Fighter Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to Fourth Air Force, based at Oakland Airport, California...

    , 11 August 1942
  • Fourth Air Force
    Fourth Air Force
    The Fourth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Reserve . It is headquartered at March Air Reserve Base, California....

    , 7 June 1944
  • 321st Wing (Special), 1 January 1945
  • Air Defense Command, 21 March 1946
  • Fourth Air Force
    Fourth Air Force
    The Fourth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Reserve . It is headquartered at March Air Reserve Base, California....

    , 21 May 1947 – 16 November 1949
25th Air Division, 16 November 1949 – 6 February 1952
2d Air Division, 8 November 1965 – 1 April 1966
  • Seventh Air Force
    Seventh Air Force
    The Seventh Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces . It is headquartered at Osan Air Base, Republic of Korea....

    , 1 April 1966 – 15 March 1973.
  • USAF Tactical Air (later, USAF Air) Warfare Center (later, 53 Wing)
1 March 1980 – 1 October 1997
  • Air and Space Command and Control Agency (later, Aerospace Command and Control Agency, Aerospace Command and Control & Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Center)
1 October 1997 – 30 April 2002
United States Air Force Warfare Center
United States Air Force Warfare Center
The United States Air Force Warfare Center at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, reports directly to Air Combat Command. The Center was founded 1 September 1966, as the U.S. Air Force Tactical Fighter Weapons Center. It was renamed the U.S...

, since 1 June 1992

Components

  • 55th Fighter Group: 22 June 1942-23 August 1943
Attached at McChord Field, Washington
  • 372d Fighter Group
    372d Fighter Group
    The 372d Fighter Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Third Air Force, stationed at Alexandria Army Air Base, Louisiana. It was inactivated on 7 November 1945....

    : 7 December 1943-29 March 1944
Attached at Portland Army Air Base
Portland Air National Guard Base
Portland Air National Guard Base is a United States Air Force base, located at Portland International Airport, Oregon. It is located northeast of Portland, Oregon.-Overview:The base is the home of the 142d Fighter Wing, Oregon Air National Guard...

, Oregon
  • 478th Fighter Group: 3 February-31 March 1944
Attached at Redmond Army Airfield, Oregon

  • 638th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Mount Bonaparte AFS, Washington, 1 January-25 May 1951
  • 634th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Silver Lake AWS, Washington, 1 January 1951-6 February 1952
  • 635th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
McChord Field (later AFB), Washington, 21 May 1947-6 February 1952
  • 636th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Condon AFS, Oregon, 1 January 1951-6 February 1952
  • 637th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Moses Lake AFB, Washington, 1 July 1950
Saddle Mountain AFS, Washington, 1 January-25 May 1951

  • 757th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Blaine AFS, Washington, 15 August 1951-6 February 1952
  • 758th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Bohokus Peak AFS, Washington, 1 January 1951-6 February 1952
  • 759th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Naselle AFS, Washington, 1 January 1951-6 February 1952
  • 760th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Colville AFS, Washington, 1 January-25 May 1951
  • 761st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
Reedsport AFS, Oregon, 7 February 1951-6 February 1952


Stations

  • Seattle Airport, Washington, 20 August 1942
  • San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

    , 7 June 1944
  • Seattle, Washington
    Seattle, Washington
    Seattle is the county seat of King County, Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country...

     (Station undetermined), 1 July 1946
  • Silver Lake AWS, Washington, 21 May 1947
  • McChord AFB, Washington, 15 August 1951-6 February 1952
  • Tan Son Nhut Air Base
    Tan Son Nhut Air Base
    Tan Son Nhut Air Base was a Republic of Vietnam Air Force facility. It is located near the city of Saigon in southern Vietnam. The United States used it as a major base during the Vietnam War , stationing Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine units there...

    , South Vietnam
    South Vietnam
    South Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...

    , 8 November 1965 – 15 March 1973
  • Eglin AF Aux Field #9 (Hurlburt Field), Florida, since 1 March 1980

Weapons Systems Operated

  • B-25 Mitchell
    B-25 Mitchell
    The North American B-25 Mitchell was an American twin-engined medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation. It was used by many Allied air forces, in every theater of World War II, as well as many other air forces after the war ended, and saw service across four decades.The B-25 was named...

    s (1947–1949)
  • O-1 Bird Dogs (1965–1966)
  • AN/USQ-163 Falconer AOC
    Air Operations Center
    An Air and Space Operations Center is a type of command center used by the United States Air Force. It is the senior agency of the Air Force component commander to provide command and control of air and space operations....

    (since 2000)

External links

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