1690 in England
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 1690 in England: |
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| 1688 1688 in England Events from the year 1688 in the Kingdom of England.-Events:* March - William Dampier makes first recorded landing on Christmas Island.* 4 May - Declaration of Indulgence ordered to be read aloud in all churches on two consecutive Sundays.... | 1689 1689 in England Events from the year 1689 in the Kingdom of England.-Incumbents:*Co-monarchs - King William III and Queen Mary.-Events:... | 1690 | 1691 1691 in England Events from the year 1691 in the Kingdom of England.-Events:* April - John Tillotson enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.* 9 April - a fire at the Palace of Whitehall in London destroys its Stone Gallery.... | 1692 1692 in England Events from the year 1692 in the Kingdom of England.-Events:* 19 February - Princess Anne leaves the court after quarrelling with her sister, Queen Mary.... |
Events from the year 1690 in the Kingdom of England
Kingdom of England
The Kingdom of England was, from 927 to 1707, a sovereign state to the northwest of continental Europe. At its height, the Kingdom of England spanned the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and several smaller outlying islands; what today comprises the legal jurisdiction of England...
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Events
- 7 January - The first recorded full peal is rung, at St Sepulchre-without-NewgateSt Sepulchre-without-NewgateSt Sepulchre-without-Newgate, also known as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , is an Anglican church in the City of London. It is located on Holborn Viaduct, almost opposite the Old Bailey...
in the City of LondonCity of LondonThe City of London is a small area within Greater London, England. It is the historic core of London around which the modern conurbation grew and has held city status since time immemorial. The City’s boundaries have remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages, and it is now only a tiny part of...
, marking a new era in change ringingChange ringingChange ringing is the art of ringing a set of tuned bells in a series of mathematical patterns called "changes". It differs from many other forms of campanology in that no attempt is made to produce a conventional melody....
. - 20 May - The Act of Grace passed, forgiving followers of James IIJames II of EnglandJames II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
. - 30 June - War of the Grand AllianceWar of the Grand AllianceThe Nine Years' War – often called the War of the Grand Alliance, the War of the Palatine Succession, or the War of the League of Augsburg – was a major war of the late 17th century fought between King Louis XIV of France, and a European-wide coalition, the Grand Alliance, led by the Anglo-Dutch...
: FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
naval victory over the English and DutchNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
off Beachy HeadBeachy HeadBeachy Head is a chalk headland on the south coast of England, close to the town of Eastbourne in the county of East Sussex, immediately east of the Seven Sisters. The cliff there is the highest chalk sea cliff in Britain, rising to 162 m above sea level. The peak allows views of the south...
. - 12 July (1 July O. S.Old Style and New Style datesOld Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January even though documents written at the time use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian...
) - William IIIWilliam III of EnglandWilliam III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
defeats James at the Battle of the BoyneBattle of the BoyneThe Battle of the Boyne was fought in 1690 between two rival claimants of the English, Scottish and Irish thronesthe Catholic King James and the Protestant King William across the River Boyne near Drogheda on the east coast of Ireland...
in IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
. - 25 July - War of the Grand Alliance: French raiders burn TeignmouthTeignmouthTeignmouth is a town and civil parish in Teignbridge in the English county of Devon, situated on the north bank of the estuary mouth of the River Teign about 14 miles south of Exeter. It has a population of 14,413. In 1690, it was the last place in England to be invaded by a foreign power...
in DevonDevonDevon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
. - 24 August - In IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, SutanutiSutanutiSutanuti was one of the three villages which were merged to form the city of Kolkata in India. The other two villages were Gobindapur and Kalikata. Job Charnock, an administrator with the British East India Company is traditionally credited with the honour of founding the city...
— which later becomes Calcutta — is founded by Job CharnockJob CharnockJob Charnock was a servant and administrator of the English East India Company, traditionally regarded as the founder of the city of Calcutta.-Early life and career:...
of the English East India Company.
Unknown dates
- Earliest recorded sighting of the planet UranusUranusUranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. It is named after the ancient Greek deity of the sky Uranus , the father of Cronus and grandfather of Zeus...
, by John FlamsteedJohn FlamsteedSir John Flamsteed FRS was an English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal. He catalogued over 3000 stars.- Life :Flamsteed was born in Denby, Derbyshire, England, the only son of Stephen Flamsteed...
, who mistakenly catalogues it as the starStarA star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by gravity. At the end of its lifetime, a star can also contain a proportion of degenerate matter. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth...
34 TauriTaurus (constellation)Taurus is one of the constellations of the zodiac. Its name is a Latin word meaning 'bull', and its astrological symbol is a stylized bull's head:...
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Publications
- An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingAn Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingFirst appearing in 1690 with the printed title An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding by John Locke concerns the foundation of human knowledge and understanding. He describes the mind at birth as a blank slate filled later through experience...
by John LockeJohn LockeJohn Locke FRS , widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. Considered one of the first of the British empiricists, following the tradition of Francis Bacon, he is equally important to social...
. - Political Arithmetic by William PettyWilliam PettySir William Petty FRS was an English economist, scientist and philosopher. He first became prominent serving Oliver Cromwell and Commonwealth in Ireland. He developed efficient methods to survey the land that was to be confiscated and given to Cromwell's soldiers...
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Births
- 3 February - Richard RawlinsonRichard RawlinsonRichard Rawlinson FRS was an English clergyman and antiquarian collector of books and manuscripts, which he bequeathed to the Bodleian Library, Oxford.-Life:...
, minister and antiquarian (died 17551755 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1755 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - George II of the United Kingdom*Prime Minister - Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Whig-Events:...
) - 12 March - George Lee, 2nd Earl of LichfieldGeorge Lee, 2nd Earl of LichfieldGeorge Henry Lee I, 2nd Earl of Lichfield was the sixth son of Edward Henry Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield and his wife Charlotte Fitzroy, an illegitimate daughter of Charles II by his mistress, the celebrated courtesan Barbara Villiers. On 14 July 1716 George Henry Lee succeeded his father as the 2nd...
(died 17421742 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1742 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - George II of the United Kingdom*Prime Minister - Robert Walpole, Whig , Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington, Whig-Events:...
) - 22 April - John Carteret, 2nd Earl GranvilleJohn Carteret, 2nd Earl GranvilleJohn Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, 7th Seigneur of Sark, KG, PC , commonly known by his earlier title as Lord Carteret, was a British statesman and Lord President of the Council from 1751 to 1763.-Family:...
, statesman (died 17631763 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1763 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - King George III*Prime Minister - Earl of Bute, Tory , George Grenville, Whig-Events:...
) - Baptised 22 April - Robert Raikes the ElderRobert Raikes the ElderRobert Raikes the Elder was a British printer and newspaper proprietor. He is noted as a pioneer of the press who was instrumental in bringing printing out of London and to the provinces.- Biography :...
, printer (died 17571757 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1757 in Great Britain.- Events :* 2 January - Robert Clive captures Calcutta, India.* 14 March - Seven Years' War: Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard for breach of the Articles of War....
) - 29 October - Martin FolkesMartin FolkesMartin Folkes FRS , English antiquary, was born in London.He was educated at Saumur University and Clare College, Cambridge, where he so distinguished himself in mathematics that when only twenty-three years of age he was chosen a fellow of the Royal Society...
, English antiquarian (died 17541754 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1754 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - George II of the United Kingdom*Prime Minister - Henry Pelham, Whig , Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Whig-Events:...
) - 1 December - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of HardwickePhilip Yorke, 1st Earl of HardwickePhilip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke PC was an English lawyer and politician who served as Lord Chancellor. He was a close confidant of the Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister between 1754 and 1756 and 1757 until 1762....
, Lord ChancellorLord ChancellorThe Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State, ranking only after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign...
(died 17641764 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1764 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - King George III*Prime Minister - George Grenville, Whig-Events:...
) - 2 December - Robert ShaftoRobert Shafto (1690-1729)Robert Shafto , of Whitworth Hall, Spennymoor, County Durham, was a British politician. He was Member of Parliament for the City of Durham from 1712 to 1713 and from 1727 to 1729.-Sources:...
, Member of Parliament (died 17291729 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1729 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - King George II*Prime Minister - Robert Walpole, Whig-Events:* 1 May - A tornado destroys buildings in Sussex and Kent....
) - date unknown
- Charles BridgemanCharles BridgemanCharles Bridgeman was an English garden designer in the onset of the naturalistic landscape style. Although he was a key figure in the transition of English garden design from the Anglo-Dutch formality of patterned parterres and avenues to a freer style that incorporated formal, structural and...
, garden designer (died 17381738 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1738 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - George II of the United Kingdom*Prime Minister - Robert Walpole, Whig-Events:...
) - Hester SantlowHester SantlowHester Santlow was a noted British dancer and actress, who has been termed "England's first ballerina." She was influential in many spheres of theatrical life.-Life:...
, dancer and actress (died 17731773 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1773 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - King George III*Prime Minister - Lord North, Tory-Events:* 17 January - Captain James Cook becomes the first European explorer to cross the Antarctic Circle....
) - George ShelvockeGeorge ShelvockeCaptain George Shelvocke was an English privateer who wrote a famous 1723 book based on his exploits, A Voyage Round the World By Way of The Great South Sea....
, privateer (died 17281728 in Great BritainEvents from the year 1728 in Great Britain.-Incumbents:*Monarch - King George II*Prime Minister - Robert Walpole, Whig-Events:* 29 January - First performance of John Gay's The Beggar's Opera.* March - Spain ends its siege of Gibraltar....
)
- Charles Bridgeman
Deaths
- 7 February - Sir William Morice, 1st Baronet, royalist statesman (born c.1628)
- March - Sir Philip Parker, 1st BaronetSir Philip Parker, 1st BaronetSir Philip Parker, 1st Baronet , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1679 and 1687.Parker was the son of Sir Philip Parker of Erwarton and his wife Dorothy Gawdy, daughter of Sir Robert Gawdy of Claxton, Norfolk.Parker was created a Baronet of Arwarton in the County of...
, Member of Parliament (born c. 1625) - 21 May - John EliotJohn Eliot (missionary)John Eliot was a Puritan missionary to the American Indians. His efforts earned him the designation “the Indian apostle.”-English education and Massachusetts ministry:...
, Puritan missionary (born 1604) - 12 July - George WalkerGeorge Walker (soldier)Sir George Walker was an Irish soldier and Anglican priest, known as the Defender of Derry. He was joint Governor of Derry during the Siege in 1689. He was killed at the Battle of the Boyne while going to the aid of the wounded Duke of Schomberg.- Family :George Walker was born in about 1618 in...
, soldier killed in action at the Battle of the Boyne (born (16451645 in EnglandEvents from the year 1645 in the Kingdom of England.-Events:* January - A group of ministers appointed by the Long Parliament draws up the Directory of Public Worship which replaces the Book of Common Prayer...
) - 9 October - Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of GraftonHenry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of GraftonHenry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton KG was the illegitimate son of King Charles II by Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine....
, illegitimate son of King Charles IICharles II of EnglandCharles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
(born 16631663 in EnglandEvents from the year 1663 in the Kingdom of England.-Events:* 10 January - The Royal African Company is granted a Royal Charter.* February - Parliament pressures King Charles into withdrawing a proposed Declaration of Indulgence....
) - 15 October - Thomas Rogers and Anne RogersThomas Rogers and Anne RogersThomas Rogers and Anne Rogers were English counterfeiters convicted on 15 October 1690, for "Clipping 40 pieces of Silver" . Thomas Rogers was hanged, drawn and quartered, and Anne Rogers was burnt alive. The gruesome forms of punishment were meted out due to their acts being High Treason.-External...
, counterfeiters (both executed) - December - Richard WillisRichard Willis (spy)Sir Richard Willis, 1st Baronet was a Royalist officer during the English Civil War, and a double agent working for the Parliamentarians during the Interregnum.-Biography:...
, spy (born 1614) - 15 December - Sir Thomas Allen, 1st BaronetSir Thomas Allen, 1st BaronetSir Thomas Allen, 1st Baronet also spelt Aleyn or Alleyn, was an English politician and grocer.He was the son of William Aleyn and his wife Elizabeth Compton, daughter of William Compton. Allen was alderman of Cheap Ward from 1652 until 1660 and subsequently of Aldgate Ward until 1679...
, Member of Parliament (born c. 1633) - date unknown
- Sir John Child, 1st Baronet, governor of Bombay (year of birth unknown)