Zelechów
Encyclopedia
Żelechów AUD is a town in east Poland in Masovian Voivodeship
in Garwolin County
. It is the seat of Gmina Żelechów
. Żelechów is 85 km from Warsaw
and 85 km far from Lublin
. More than 4000 people live in the town. It is a local center, supporting nearby farmers and housing a few high schools.
Żelechów has a recorded history
that goes back over 700 years. In 1447 Żelechów gained city rights. Until World War II
, it was inhabited mostly by Jews. Traces of their presence are still visible in the architecture of the town. There are a few historic buildings in the town.
s. During the period between 1975-1998 Żelechów was in Siedlce Voivodship
. Before 1795, Żelechów had strong connections with Lesser Poland
. So it is located between three geographical regions: Podlaskie, Lubelszczyzna
and Masovia.
The surrounding landscape was formed during the ice age
when the whole area was covered with ice. The landscape now is gently waved, and the town itself is located on a hill, making its altitude
vary from 160 m (524.93 ft) up to 195 m (639.76 ft). The area around Żelechów is surrounded by fields
and few forest
s.
s (12,14 km²). This is much more than the actual built-up area: 77,8% (945 ha) of the whole area is agriculture
usage, 3,6% (43 ha) of the area are forests, and 18,6% (226 ha) is unused or built up.
. In 2006 number of inhabitants of the town of Żelechów made 47,7% of the total population of Gmina Żelechów
. Detailed demography information from December 31, 2006:
Poles
are dominant nation in the town, there is also a group of the Roma people.
. It can be found in a document (written in time between 1335 and 1342) as Zelechov. In a later document written by Jan Długosz (1470–1480) as Zyelyechow. The name derives from the Polish forename Żelech ', which is a simplified form of Żelisław.
Names in other languages:
were gained in 1447. Żelechów was a private town, first owned by the family of Ciołek (who later changed their surname to Żelechowski). It was a local center of trade and an important city until the Deluge (the war with Sweden
). At that time the town was greatly devastated, and dozens of people died (also due to disease
s). In the first half of the 17th century Jews first settled in Żelechów. The owners of the town changed frequently, one of them was Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski
- the first President of Warsaw.
After the Partitions of Poland
Żelechów belonged to Austria
. Then in the time of the Napoleonic Wars
it was within the borders of the Duchy of Warsaw
, and after the Congress of Vienna
it was finally placed in Congress Poland
, which was in fact controlled by Russia
. Joachim Lelewel
was a deputy to the Sejm from Żelechów county in years 1828 - 1831. Romuald Traugutt
lived here in 1845, he served as officer
of a ruff of sapper
s. During the January Uprising
near Żelechów, few skirmishes took place.
After the uprising the Russian government
took the decision to punish those who fought against them, who where generally nobility
. Nearby peasant
s received land
(which later belonged to nobility), and the city from that time onward was not owned by a single person. To keep the peace in the area, two cavalry
companies and an artillery
unit were placed in Żelechów. They brought prosperity, because their needs had to be supported by the townspeople. In that time, Żelechów started to be especially well known as a shoe
production center.
In 1880 a great fire burned a large part of the town, but it was rebuilt quickly with brick houses replacing wooden ones. In 1919 about 7,800 inhabitants lived in the city. During the interwar period
about 800 firms resided in Żelechów (mainly shops and handicraft
s). In 1939 in Żelechów lived about 8,500 inhabitants, who were mostly Jews (5,800 people). Before the Great Wars, many Jews fled to America, mainly to Costa Rica
, where they founded a new Jewish community.
When the Nazi
s occupied Poland, they created a ghetto
in a small area in the city, placing about 10,000 Jews there, mainly from Żelechów but also from other cities of Poland. In September 1942, the liquidation of the ghetto began, where people were transported to Treblinka extermination camp
, but due to the chaos many tried to escape. About 1,000 died in Żelechów this time shot by Nazi
s. On July 17 of 1944 the Red Army
entered Żelechów, ending the war there. Only 50 Jews remained alive in the city. At this time about 4,000 people lived in Żelechów, and this number has not changed much to this day.
. There are many schools offering education in different areas of knowledge. Because of the very large number of students compared with the number of inhabitants, Żelechów is a young town in a way.
, which runs from Warsaw
to Lviv
. The voivodship road 807 passes through the town.
Masovian Voivodeship
-Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"...
in Garwolin County
Garwolin County
Garwolin County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Garwolin, which lies ...
. It is the seat of Gmina Żelechów
Gmina Zelechów
Gmina Żelechów is an urban-rural gmina in Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żelechów, which lies approximately south-east of Garwolin and south-east of Warsaw....
. Żelechów is 85 km from Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
and 85 km far from Lublin
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...
. More than 4000 people live in the town. It is a local center, supporting nearby farmers and housing a few high schools.
Żelechów has a recorded history
Recorded history
Recorded history is the period in history of the world after prehistory. It has been written down using language, or recorded using other means of communication. It starts around the 4th millennium BC, with the invention of writing.-Historical accounts:...
that goes back over 700 years. In 1447 Żelechów gained city rights. Until World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, it was inhabited mostly by Jews. Traces of their presence are still visible in the architecture of the town. There are a few historic buildings in the town.
Location
Żelechów is located near border of Masovian and Lublin VoivodeshipLublin Voivodeship
- Administrative division :Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties : 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas....
s. During the period between 1975-1998 Żelechów was in Siedlce Voivodship
Siedlce Voivodeship
Siedlce Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by Masovian Voivodeship and Lublin Voivodeship. Its capital city was Siedlce.-Major cities and towns :...
. Before 1795, Żelechów had strong connections with Lesser Poland
Lesser Poland
Lesser Poland is one of the historical regions of Poland, with its capital in the city of Kraków. It forms the southeastern corner of the country, and should not be confused with the modern Lesser Poland Voivodeship, which covers only a small, southern part of Lesser Poland...
. So it is located between three geographical regions: Podlaskie, Lubelszczyzna
Lublin Voivodeship
- Administrative division :Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties : 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas....
and Masovia.
The surrounding landscape was formed during the ice age
Ice age
An ice age or, more precisely, glacial age, is a generic geological period of long-term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers...
when the whole area was covered with ice. The landscape now is gently waved, and the town itself is located on a hill, making its altitude
Altitude
Altitude or height is defined based on the context in which it is used . As a general definition, altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The reference datum also often varies according to the context...
vary from 160 m (524.93 ft) up to 195 m (639.76 ft). The area around Żelechów is surrounded by fields
Field (agriculture)
In agriculture, the word field refers generally to an area of land enclosed or otherwise and used for agricultural purposes such as:* Cultivating crops* Usage as a paddock or, generally, an enclosure of livestock...
and few forest
Forest
A forest, also referred to as a wood or the woods, is an area with a high density of trees. As with cities, depending where you are in the world, what is considered a forest may vary significantly in size and have various classification according to how and what of the forest is composed...
s.
Area
The area of the town is 1214 hectareHectare
The hectare is a metric unit of area defined as 10,000 square metres , and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the are was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare was thus 100 ares or 1/100 km2...
s (12,14 km²). This is much more than the actual built-up area: 77,8% (945 ha) of the whole area is agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
usage, 3,6% (43 ha) of the area are forests, and 18,6% (226 ha) is unused or built up.
Demography
Żelechów is 65th town in Masovian Voivodship in respect of number of inhabitants (with total number of towns in Masovian Voivodship of 85). It is the smallest town in Garwolin CountyGarwolin County
Garwolin County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Garwolin, which lies ...
. In 2006 number of inhabitants of the town of Żelechów made 47,7% of the total population of Gmina Żelechów
Gmina Zelechów
Gmina Żelechów is an urban-rural gmina in Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żelechów, which lies approximately south-east of Garwolin and south-east of Warsaw....
. Detailed demography information from December 31, 2006:
| Description | Total | Women | Men | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unit | people | % | people | % | people | % |
| population | 4 028 | 100 | 2 065 | 51,3 | 1 963 | 48,7 |
| Density (people/km²) |
332 | 170 | 162 | |||
Poles
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
are dominant nation in the town, there is also a group of the Roma people.
| education data according to the Polish census of 2002 Polish census of 2002 - Significant ethnic minorities :In addition to Poles, ethnic groups of more than 25,000 people compose the following:-References:... |
||||||
| lack | primary | vocational | secondary | undergraduate | higher | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| people | 146 | 1 143 | 796 | 810 | 152 | 271 |
| percent | 3,6 | 28,1 | 18,9 | 19,9 | 3,7 | 6,7 |
| women | 89 | 600 | 312 | 436 | 107 | 178 |
| men | 57 | 543 | 484 | 374 | 45 | 93 |
Name
The name was used in the time of Middle AgesMiddle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
. It can be found in a document (written in time between 1335 and 1342) as Zelechov. In a later document written by Jan Długosz (1470–1480) as Zyelyechow. The name derives from the Polish forename Żelech ', which is a simplified form of Żelisław.
Names in other languages:
- RussianRussian languageRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
: Желехув - HebrewHebrew languageHebrew is a Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Culturally, is it considered by Jews and other religious groups as the language of the Jewish people, though other Jewish languages had originated among diaspora Jews, and the Hebrew language is also used by non-Jewish groups, such...
: ז'לחוב - YidishYiddish languageYiddish is a High German language of Ashkenazi Jewish origin, spoken throughout the world. It developed as a fusion of German dialects with Hebrew, Aramaic, Slavic languages and traces of Romance languages...
: זשעלעכאָוו
History
The first record of Żelechów dates back to 1282, and the city rightsTown privileges
Town privileges or city rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium.Judicially, a town was distinguished from the surrounding land by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws. Common privileges were related to trading...
were gained in 1447. Żelechów was a private town, first owned by the family of Ciołek (who later changed their surname to Żelechowski). It was a local center of trade and an important city until the Deluge (the war with Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
). At that time the town was greatly devastated, and dozens of people died (also due to disease
Disease
A disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. It is often construed to be a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune...
s). In the first half of the 17th century Jews first settled in Żelechów. The owners of the town changed frequently, one of them was Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski
Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski
Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski was a notable Polish nobleman and politician during the last years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, shortly before the Partitions of Poland....
- the first President of Warsaw.
After the Partitions of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
Żelechów belonged to Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. Then in the time of the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
it was within the borders of the Duchy of Warsaw
Duchy of Warsaw
The Duchy of Warsaw was a Polish state established by Napoleon I in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia under the terms of the Treaties of Tilsit. The duchy was held in personal union by one of Napoleon's allies, King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony...
, and after the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
it was finally placed in Congress Poland
Congress Poland
The Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...
, which was in fact controlled by Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Joachim Lelewel
Joachim Lelewel
Joachim Lelewel was a Polish historian and politician, from a Polonized branch of a Prussian family.His grandparents were Heinrich Löllhöffel von Löwensprung and Constance Jauch , who later polonized her name to Lelewel.-Life:Born in Warsaw, Lelewel was educated at the Imperial University of...
was a deputy to the Sejm from Żelechów county in years 1828 - 1831. Romuald Traugutt
Romuald Traugutt
Romuald Traugutt was a Polish general and war hero, best known for commanding the January Uprising. From October 1863 to August 1864 he was Dictator of Insurrection. He headed the Polish national government from October 17, 1863 to April 20, 1864, and was president of its Foreign Affairs...
lived here in 1845, he served as officer
Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...
of a ruff of sapper
Sapper
A sapper, pioneer or combat engineer is a combatant soldier who performs a wide variety of combat engineering duties, typically including, but not limited to, bridge-building, laying or clearing minefields, demolitions, field defences, general construction and building, as well as road and airfield...
s. During the January Uprising
January Uprising
The January Uprising was an uprising in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Russian Empire...
near Żelechów, few skirmishes took place.
After the uprising the Russian government
Politics of Russia
The politics of Russia take place in a framework of a federal semi-presidential republic. According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state, and of a multi-party system with executive power exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed...
took the decision to punish those who fought against them, who where generally nobility
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
. Nearby peasant
Peasant
A peasant is an agricultural worker who generally tend to be poor and homeless-Etymology:The word is derived from 15th century French païsant meaning one from the pays, or countryside, ultimately from the Latin pagus, or outlying administrative district.- Position in society :Peasants typically...
s received land
Manumission
Manumission is the act of a slave owner freeing his or her slaves. In the United States before the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which abolished most slavery, this often happened upon the death of the owner, under conditions in his will.-Motivations:The...
(which later belonged to nobility), and the city from that time onward was not owned by a single person. To keep the peace in the area, two cavalry
Cavalry
Cavalry or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the third oldest and the most mobile of the combat arms...
companies and an artillery
Artillery
Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
unit were placed in Żelechów. They brought prosperity, because their needs had to be supported by the townspeople. In that time, Żelechów started to be especially well known as a shoe
Shoe
A shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while doing various activities. Shoes are also used as an item of decoration. The design of shoes has varied enormously through time and from culture to culture, with appearance originally being tied to function...
production center.
In 1880 a great fire burned a large part of the town, but it was rebuilt quickly with brick houses replacing wooden ones. In 1919 about 7,800 inhabitants lived in the city. During the interwar period
Interwar period
Interwar period can refer to any period between two wars. The Interbellum is understood to be the period between the end of the Great War or First World War and the beginning of the Second World War in Europe....
about 800 firms resided in Żelechów (mainly shops and handicraft
Handicraft
Handicraft, more precisely expressed as artisanic handicraft, sometimes also called artisanry, is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or by using only simple tools. It is a traditional main sector of craft. Usually the term is applied to traditional means...
s). In 1939 in Żelechów lived about 8,500 inhabitants, who were mostly Jews (5,800 people). Before the Great Wars, many Jews fled to America, mainly to Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....
, where they founded a new Jewish community.
When the Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
s occupied Poland, they created a ghetto
Ghetto
A ghetto is a section of a city predominantly occupied by a group who live there, especially because of social, economic, or legal issues.The term was originally used in Venice to describe the area where Jews were compelled to live. The term now refers to an overcrowded urban area often associated...
in a small area in the city, placing about 10,000 Jews there, mainly from Żelechów but also from other cities of Poland. In September 1942, the liquidation of the ghetto began, where people were transported to Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka was a Nazi extermination camp in occupied Poland during World War II near the village of Treblinka in the modern-day Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. The camp, which was constructed as part of Operation Reinhard, operated between and ,. During this time, approximately 850,000 men, women...
, but due to the chaos many tried to escape. About 1,000 died in Żelechów this time shot by Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
s. On July 17 of 1944 the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
entered Żelechów, ending the war there. Only 50 Jews remained alive in the city. At this time about 4,000 people lived in Żelechów, and this number has not changed much to this day.
Historic buildings
- Parish, neo-baroqueNeo-baroqueThe Baroque Revival or Neo-baroque was an architectural style of the late 19th century. The term is used to describe architecture which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not of the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries.Some examples of Neo-baroque architecture:*...
church. Construction begun in 1692 and ended in 1728. In 1894 full rebuild took place. The church is located in place where a wooden church stands, built before 1326. - St Stanislaus churchSt Stanislaus Church, ZelechówSaint Stanislaus Church, Żelechów, Poland was built in 1741. It is located outside of the town, in the fields. Before building this baroque church, a chapel was located there. It is the oldes preserved building in Żelechów....
built in 1741. It is the oldest building in Żelechów preserved in the same state as it was built. - Classical palace, construction begun in 1726 and ended lastly in 1838.
- Town hall built in eighteenth century located in the center of the Market Square.
- Market Square (Rynek) – one of the biggest market squares in Europe (46th position in 23 February 2007) with area of 12996 m² (15,543.09 sq yd). Rynek was built in the end of the 18th century on the order of Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski.
- Tomb of Ordęga family in the cemetery built in 1852. There are also some headstoneHeadstoneA headstone, tombstone, or gravestone is a marker, usually stone, that is placed over a grave. In most cases they have the deceased's name, date of birth, and date of death inscribed on them, along with a personal message, or prayer.- Use :...
s from nineteenth century. - Jewish cemetery containing few headstones.
- Many wooden houses built in nineteenth century.
Economy
Żelechów is a center supporting nearby farmers. There are over 500 firms in the town, mainly small family shops, handicrafts or service. Bigger firms work in the fields of machinery, footwear and the floor industry.Education
Żelechów is a local center of education, up to secondary schoolHigh school
High school is a term used in parts of the English speaking world to describe institutions which provide all or part of secondary education. The term is often incorporated into the name of such institutions....
. There are many schools offering education in different areas of knowledge. Because of the very large number of students compared with the number of inhabitants, Żelechów is a young town in a way.
Transport
City is 12 km from European route E372European route E372
European route E 372 is a B-type road part of the International E-road network. It begins in Warsaw, Poland and ends in Lviv, Ukraine. It is long. There are often hour-long delays at the Polish-Ukrainian border.-Route:...
, which runs from Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
to Lviv
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
. The voivodship road 807 passes through the town.
Famous persons
- Wacław Rzewuski – owner of Żelechów, the branch church was built on his order.
- Levi Yitzchok of BerditchevLevi Yitzchok of BerditchevLevi Yitzchok of Berditchev , also known as the Berdichever, was a rabbi and Hasidic leader. He was the rabbi of Ryczywół, Żelechów, Pinsk and Berdychiv, for which he is best known...
– rabbiRabbiIn Judaism, a rabbi is a teacher of Torah. This title derives from the Hebrew word רבי , meaning "My Master" , which is the way a student would address a master of Torah...
and HasidicHasidic JudaismHasidic Judaism or Hasidism, from the Hebrew —Ḥasidut in Sephardi, Chasidus in Ashkenazi, meaning "piety" , is a branch of Orthodox Judaism that promotes spirituality and joy through the popularisation and internalisation of Jewish mysticism as the fundamental aspects of the Jewish faith...
leader, who lived in Żelechów for 10 years. - Ignacy Wyssogota ZakrzewskiIgnacy Wyssogota ZakrzewskiIgnacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski was a notable Polish nobleman and politician during the last years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, shortly before the Partitions of Poland....
– owner of Żelechów. Zakrzewski was the first President of Warsaw. He is buried in Żelechów cemetery. - Joachim LelewelJoachim LelewelJoachim Lelewel was a Polish historian and politician, from a Polonized branch of a Prussian family.His grandparents were Heinrich Löllhöffel von Löwensprung and Constance Jauch , who later polonized her name to Lelewel.-Life:Born in Warsaw, Lelewel was educated at the Imperial University of...
– politician, deputy to Sejm from Żelechów county. - Romuald TrauguttRomuald TrauguttRomuald Traugutt was a Polish general and war hero, best known for commanding the January Uprising. From October 1863 to August 1864 he was Dictator of Insurrection. He headed the Polish national government from October 17, 1863 to April 20, 1864, and was president of its Foreign Affairs...
– PolishPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
general and war hero, who lived in Żelechów. - Janusz Józefowicz – Polish actor and director, who comes from Żelechów.