The Missing Link (film)
Encyclopedia
The Missing Link' is a 1980 French–Belgian animated film written and directed by Picha
Picha
Jean-Paul "monda" Walravens is a cartoonist and film director. He was born in Brussels, Belgium.-Biography:Jean-Paul Walravens, quickly fascinated by drawing, performs his studies at the Institute of Fine Arts Saint-Luc...

. Though it was not as successful as Picha's previous film, it was entered into the 1980 Cannes Film Festival
1980 Cannes Film Festival
The 33rd Cannes Film Festival was held on May 9-23. The showing of Andrei Tarkovsky's film Stalker is interrupted by an electricians strike.- Jury :*Kirk Douglas *Ken Adam *Robert Benayoun *Veljko Bulajić...

.

Plot

The year is 196303 B.C. A group of cavemen rises from the mud, and the first thing on their minds is finding something to eat. After two unsuccessful attempts, the group decides to eat one of their own. Suddenly, the men meet women, but don't know how to make love to them. The elder of the men sees a pair of stegosaurus
Stegosaurus
Stegosaurus is a genus of armored stegosaurid dinosaur. They lived during the Late Jurassic period , some 155 to 150 million years ago in what is now western North America. In 2006, a specimen of Stegosaurus was announced from Portugal, showing that they were present in Europe as well...

 performing doggystyle
Doggy style
Doggy style is a group of sex positions in which the receiving partner crouches on all fours with the legs slightly apart...

, which inspires the elder to do the same thing with one of the women. Nine months later, that same woman is pregnant with two boys, Ah and Oh. The cavemen like Ah, but are frightened by Oh and abandon him. Meanwhile, a brontosaurus abandons one of her eggs. Both Oh and the baby brontosaurus Igua meet, and instantly become friends.

Years later, while trying to feed Oh, Igua comes across a stranded egg. Before Oh can try to eat it, the egg hatches and inside it is a baby pterodactyl named Croak. Croak and Oh become friends as well, but Igua becomes jealous and doesn't want Oh to see Croak again. As Oh grows up into an adult, he meets up with Croak again, who tries to help Oh become smarter. Their first "lesson" is how to fly. As Oh tries to fly, Igua steps in and takes Oh away. The next day, Oh looks in a pool of water and sees his reflection
Reflection
Reflection or reflection may refer to:-Science:* Mirror image, a reflection in a mirror or in water* Reflection nebula, a nebula that is extended and has no boundaries* Reflection , a common wave phenomenon...

 and discovers that he's a man, not a brontosaurus. He decides to leave Igua and hunt for his own kind.

As Oh begins his quest, Igua tries to get together with his own kind. He finds a group of brontosauruses at a nearby lake, but they reject him due to Igua smelling too much like "man". Igua is crushed and decides to find Oh. As Oh begins to search for man, he comes across a group of workaholic creatures named "No-Lobes". They let him stay, but Oh causes chaos, which results in Oh discovering the wheel
Wheel
A wheel is a device that allows heavy objects to be moved easily through rotating on an axle through its center, facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. Common examples found in transport applications. A wheel, together with an axle,...

. After Oh destroys the No-Lobes's crops with the wheel, he is kicked out and the quest for man continues. While exploring, Oh is caught by a feline creature with a long tail, which she uses to seduce her victims before eating them. Oh decides to name her "No-man". "No-man" uses her tail to seduce Oh, then drags him off to her own kind. Before the felines eat him, they are distracted by a new-born baby. Oh and "No-man" run off together, with the others quickly behind them. Oh and "No-man" give them the slip, then they both have sex
Sex
In biology, sex is a process of combining and mixing genetic traits, often resulting in the specialization of organisms into a male or female variety . Sexual reproduction involves combining specialized cells to form offspring that inherit traits from both parents...

. While the two sleep, they are interrupted by a stampede of giant turtles. The feline tribe catches up with them, and catches "No-man". Oh uses a lone giant turtle shell and a couple of wheels to ride up to the tribe and tries to catch "No-man", but misses. Oh rolls off into the desert, leaving "No-man" to have her tail cut off. Oh crashes into a palm tree in the middle of the desert
Desert
A desert is a landscape or region that receives an extremely low amount of precipitation, less than enough to support growth of most plants. Most deserts have an average annual precipitation of less than...

 and is left to walk again.

Later, Oh runs into Croak again. Oh is in need of water
Water
Water is a chemical substance with the chemical formula H2O. A water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at ambient conditions, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice, and gaseous state . Water also exists in a...

, and Croak just happens to be searching for water. They find what appears to be water, but before Oh can drink, he is stopped by a dragon
Dragon
A dragon is a legendary creature, typically with serpentine or reptilian traits, that feature in the myths of many cultures. There are two distinct cultural traditions of dragons: the European dragon, derived from European folk traditions and ultimately related to Greek and Middle Eastern...

. The dragon tries to breathe fire at Oh, but it comes out his buttocks instead. To get water, Oh decides to help the dragon by sticking a cork
Cork (material)
Cork is an impermeable, buoyant material, a prime-subset of bark tissue that is harvested for commercial use primarily from Quercus suber , which is endemic to southwest Europe and northwest Africa...

 up the dragon's butt. This causes the dragon to breathe fire from his mouth. The dragon thanks Oh and lets him drink. However, the water is polluted, but the dragon gives him a lift to a nearby lake. After Oh drinks plenty of water, he takes a brief nap. When he wakes up, he sees that he's tied down to the ground by a colony
Colony
In politics and history, a colony is a territory under the immediate political control of a state. For colonies in antiquity, city-states would often found their own colonies. Some colonies were historically countries, while others were territories without definite statehood from their inception....

 of ants. Oh gets himself free and climbs up a tall building made out of grass, which cracks and sends Oh crashing into a pool of water, which drowns half of the ants. Oh continues on to the Arctic
Arctic
The Arctic is a region located at the northern-most part of the Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean and parts of Canada, Russia, Greenland, the United States, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. The Arctic region consists of a vast, ice-covered ocean, surrounded by treeless permafrost...

, and meets up with a group of Norwegian
Norwegians
Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...

 barbarians. Oh shows them fire
Fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition....

, which intrigues the group. They use their fur coats to light up the fire even more, but the fire melts the ice and their coats are lost in the bottom of the ocean. The group chases after Oh, but Croak flys in and saves him. As Croak flys Oh to safety, Oh is eaten by a shark
Shark
Sharks are a type of fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton and a highly streamlined body. The earliest known sharks date from more than 420 million years ago....

. Oh eventually escapes from the shark and finally meets his human family.

The elder recognizes Oh and instantly dies. Oh takes over as leader and tells them that he'll teach man what he has learned on his travels. While teaching them, Igua finally catches up with Oh. However, Oh is still angry at Igua. Meanwhile, Ah (Oh's brother, though neither of them know that they are related) takes over as leader and shoves Oh away into the fire that was made by Ah. Igua saves him, and both Oh and Igua reconcile their friendship. Ah (in caveman talk) tells his people that they must show the world who's boss. They kill off the "No-Lobes", the dinosaurs commit suicide
Suicide
Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide is often committed out of despair or attributed to some underlying mental disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or drug abuse...

, the dragon disappears from the face of the earth, the feline tribe is skinned alive ("No-man" is the sole survivor, but dumps Oh), and the ants make a rocket made out of grass, which plummets into the ground, which causes the Earth to split into continents. As for Oh, Igua, and Croak, they spend the rest of their days on an uncharted island. Croak keeps busy by carving Easter Island
Easter Island
Easter Island is a Polynesian island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian triangle. A special territory of Chile that was annexed in 1888, Easter Island is famous for its 887 extant monumental statues, called moai, created by the early Rapanui people...

 heads, and Oh takes the title as the missing link
Missing Link
Missing link is a nonscientific term for any transitional fossil, especially one connected with human evolution; see Transitional fossil - Missing links and List of transitonal fossils - Human evolution.Missing Link may refer to:...

.

French version

  • Richard Darbois
    Richard Darbois
    Richard Darbois is a Canadian actor. He is especially known for his voice: he is the French dub voice of Harrison Ford in some of his films, Batman in the animated series, Captain Harlock, the Genie in Disney's Aladdin, etc...

    - Oh
  • Georges Aminel- Igua / No-Lobe #3
  • Roger Carel
    Roger Carel
    Roger Bancharel, better known by his stage name, Roger Carel, is a French actor and voice talent, best known for his recurring film roles as Asterix or the French voice of Star Wars C3PO and the French voice of Winnie the Pooh...

    - Croak / No-Lobe #4
  • Jacques Ferriere / William Sabatier- #1-2
  • Philippe Nicaud- Dragon
  • Jacques Dacqmine- Narrator

English version

  • Ron Venable - Oh
  • Bob Kaliban - Croak
  • John Graham- Igua
  • Christopher Guest
    Christopher Guest
    Christopher Haden-Guest, 5th Baron Haden-Guest , better known as Christopher Guest, is an American screenwriter, composer, musician, director, actor and comedian. He is most widely known in Hollywood for having written, directed and starred in several improvisational "mockumentary" films that...

     / Clark Warren / Bob Kaliban - No-Lobes
  • Bill Murray
    Bill Murray
    William James "Bill" Murray is an American actor and comedian. He first gained national exposure on Saturday Night Live in which he earned an Emmy Award and later went on to star in a number of critically and commercially successful comedic films, including Caddyshack , Ghostbusters , and...

    - Dragon (uncredited)
  • Mark Smith- Narrator

Production

Because of the remarkable success of the 1975 film, Tarzoon, la honte de la jungle, Picha was encouraged to address another myth, that of Darwin
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin FRS was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.He published his theory...

 and his theory of evolution
Evolution
Evolution is any change across successive generations in the heritable characteristics of biological populations. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organisation, including species, individual organisms and molecules such as DNA and proteins.Life on Earth...

. More ambitious than the previous film, production lasted from 1977 to 1979. Animation
Animation
Animation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement. The effect is an optical illusion of motion due to the phenomenon of persistence of vision, and can be created and demonstrated in several ways...

 took place in Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

, New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

, and London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

. Despite undeniable improvements, the film was a critical and commercial disappointment.

As with Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle, the original foreign language version was so raunchy that the dialogue had to be rewritten when the film was released in the United States to avoid an X
X-rated
In some countries, X is or has been a motion picture rating reserved for the most explicit films. Films rated X are intended only for viewing by adults, usually legally defined as people over the age of 17.-United Kingdom:...

 rating.

Home Video Releases

On 28 July 1999, A Region 2 PAL
PAL
PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is an analogue television colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in many countries. Other common analogue television systems are NTSC and SECAM. This page primarily discusses the PAL colour encoding system...

 DVD was released in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

. It includes the French and English dub, the French theatrical trailer, a complete filmography of the director, and 2 reviews of the film. In 2004, Force Video released the English version in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

 on PAL
PAL
PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is an analogue television colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in many countries. Other common analogue television systems are NTSC and SECAM. This page primarily discusses the PAL colour encoding system...

 Region 0 DVD. The DVD comes with no bonus features.

There are currently no plans to release the film in North America.

B.C. Rock

In 1984, an American dub was released known as B.C. Rock. It was released in select theaters and home video by Almi Pictures. Major changes to the film included newly-written dialogue by the comedy duo The Funny Boys (Vallely and Schmock), recut footage, different voices, different instrumental score, the absence of the narrator (with the main character telling the story), and nearly all the songs written and performed by Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer is a British singer-songwriter, musician, and entertainer whose singing career has spanned four decades. Sayer became a naturalised Australian citizen in 2009. Sayer was a top singles and album act on both sides of the Atlantic in the 1970s...

 have been replaced by songs by other artists, in order to attract a wider audience. Though several bootleg DVDs are available online, there are currently no plans to release it officially in stores (its only official home release being a VHS in 1984). Bob Weinstein
Bob Weinstein
Robert "Bob" Weinstein is an American film and theatre producer, the founder and head of Dimension Films, former co-chairman of Miramax Films, and current head, with his brother Harvey Weinstein, of The Weinstein Company.-Career:...

 and Harvey Weinstein
Harvey Weinstein
Harvey Weinstein, CBE is an American film producer and movie studio chairman. He is best known as co-founder of Miramax Films. He and his brother Bob have been co-chairmen of The Weinstein Company, their film production company, since 2005...

, future founders of The Weinstein Company
The Weinstein Company
The Weinstein Company is an American film studio founded by Bob and Harvey Weinstein in 2005 after the brothers left the then-Disney-owned Miramax Films, which they had co-founded in 1979...

, are billed as "Music Talent Consultants". Relative newcomer Miramax Films
Miramax Films
Miramax Films is an American entertainment company known for distributing independent and foreign films. For its first 14 years the company was privately owned by its founders, Bob and Harvey Weinstein...

 received a "Special Thanks" billing.

Cast

  • Jim Vallely
    Jim Vallely
    Jim Vallely is an American television producer, and screenwriter. He was a writer and consulting producer for Arrested Development, an Emmy Award-winning television show on the Fox network, and was an executive producer and co-creator of Running Wilde, also on Fox, along with Mitchell Hurwitz and...

    - Stewie Babcock / Ah
  • Jonathan Schmock- Slick
  • Joesph Plewa - Bone

Additional Voices

  • The Funny Boys
  • Christopher Guest
    Christopher Guest
    Christopher Haden-Guest, 5th Baron Haden-Guest , better known as Christopher Guest, is an American screenwriter, composer, musician, director, actor and comedian. He is most widely known in Hollywood for having written, directed and starred in several improvisational "mockumentary" films that...

     - No-Lobe
  • Bob Kaliban - No-Lobe
  • Clark Warren - No-Lobe
  • Bill Murray
    Bill Murray
    William James "Bill" Murray is an American actor and comedian. He first gained national exposure on Saturday Night Live in which he earned an Emmy Award and later went on to star in a number of critically and commercially successful comedic films, including Caddyshack , Ghostbusters , and...

     - Dragon (uncredited)

Song Performers

  • Alan Brewer - "Where I Belong"
  • Anna Pepper - "Friends"
  • Clarence Clemons
    Clarence Clemons
    Clarence Anicholas Clemons, Jr. , also known as The Big Man, was an American musician and actor. From 1972 until his death, he was a prominent member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, playing the tenor saxophone. He released several solo albums and in 1985, had a hit single with "You're a...

     - "Feline Blues"
  • Genesis
    Genesis (band)
    Genesis are an English rock band that formed in 1967. The band currently comprises the longest-tenured members Tony Banks , Mike Rutherford and Phil Collins . Past members Peter Gabriel , Steve Hackett and Anthony Phillips , also played major roles in the band in its early years...

     - "Afterglow"
  • Hall & Oates
    Hall & Oates
    Hall & Oates are an American musical duo composed of Daryl Hall and John Oates. They achieved their greatest fame in the late 1970s and early to mid-1980s. Both sing and play instruments. They specialized in a fusion of rock and roll and rhythm and blues styles, which they dubbed "rock and soul."...

     - "Alley Katz"
  • Leo Sayer
    Leo Sayer
    Leo Sayer is a British singer-songwriter, musician, and entertainer whose singing career has spanned four decades. Sayer became a naturalised Australian citizen in 2009. Sayer was a top singles and album act on both sides of the Atlantic in the 1970s...

     - "Eating" / "Taking The Brake Off" / "Shake The Hand" / "It Hurts Every Time But We Love It"
  • Rick Derringer
    Rick Derringer
    Rick Derringer is an American guitarist, vocalist, and entertainer.-1960s:When he was seventeen years old, his band The McCoys recorded "Hang on Sloopy" in the summer of 1965, which became the number one song in America before "Yesterday" by The Beatles knocked it out of the top spot. The song was...

     - "Afraid Of The Night" (duet with Brewer)
  • Rick Wakeman
    Rick Wakeman
    Richard Christopher Wakeman is an English keyboard player, composer and songwriter best known for being the former keyboardist in the progressive rock band Yes...

     - "Flyin'" (duet with Pepper) / "Steamhole Dance" / "War Mongers"
  • Kevin Kelley
    Kevin Kelley (musician)
    Kevin Daniel Kelley was an American drummer, best known for his work with the rock bands The Byrds and the Rising Sons. Kelley also played drums for Fever Tree, although it is unknown whether he was an official member of the group or not...

     - "Ant Battle"
  • Steel Breeze
    Steel Breeze
    Steel Breeze is an American album-oriented rock group that had a popular video on MTV with "You Don't Want Me Anymore" in 1982, followed by "Temperance Dreams" the following year.-Career:...

     - "This Time 'Round" / "Step By Step"
  • Triumph
    Triumph (band)
    Triumph is a Canadian hard rock power trio that was popular in the late 1970s through the 1980s. Eight of the band's albums were certified gold or higher, and Triumph was nominated for multiple Juno Awards, including Group of the Year Award in 1979, 1985, 1986 and 1987.Like their fellow Canadians...

     - "Empty Inside"


A soundtrack for this version has never been released, possibly due to legal issues. However, the songs performed by Rick Wakeman, Leo Sayer, Hall & Oates, Genesis, and Triumph have been released officially.

Soundtrack

A soundtrack
Soundtrack
A soundtrack can be recorded music accompanying and synchronized to the images of a motion picture, book, television program or video game; a commercially released soundtrack album of music as featured in the soundtrack of a film or TV show; or the physical area of a film that contains the...

 of the United Kingdom version was released in 1980. The songs were performed by Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer is a British singer-songwriter, musician, and entertainer whose singing career has spanned four decades. Sayer became a naturalised Australian citizen in 2009. Sayer was a top singles and album act on both sides of the Atlantic in the 1970s...

 and were written by Sayer, Alex Master, Les Davidson
Les Davidson
Les Davidson is an Australian former rugby league footballer of the 1980s and 90s. He played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs and Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks and represented at both the State and national levels. His position of choice on the field was in the second row or as prop forward.Davidson...

, and Billy Livsey
Billy Livsey
Billy Livsey is an American songwriter, keyboardist, and producer from Nashville, Tennessee. He has worked for many musicians including Tina Turner, Kevin Ayers, 801, Gerry Rafferty, Five Star, and Kenny Rogers.-References:*...

. Sayer and Davidson also wrote Igua's theme. The score was composed by Roy Budd
Roy Budd
Roy Frederick Budd , was a British jazz musician and composer, known for his film scores.Born in Mitcham, Surrey, Budd became interested in music from an early age and had built up a vast musical repertoire by the age of eight...

 and performed by the National Philharmonic Orchestra
National Philharmonic Orchestra
The National Philharmonic Orchestra was a British orchestra created exclusively for recording purposes. It was founded by RCA producer Charles Gerhardt and orchestra leader / contractor Sidney Sax due in part to the requirements of the Reader's Digest-History:...

. Additional music was provided by Absolute Elsewhere member Paul Fishmann, who had previously composed the soundtrack for Picha's previous movie Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle.

Track listing

  1. "Shake The Hand"
  2. "It Hurts Every Time But We Love It"
  3. "The Missing Link Theme" (score)
  4. "Paradise" (score)
  5. "The Only Way To Travel"
  6. "The Croak" (score)
  7. "You Can't Make An Omelette Without Eggs"
  8. "Creation" (score)
  9. "Eating"
  10. "The Mouth" (score)
  11. "Takin' The Brakes Off"
  12. "Stand On Your Own Feet"
  13. "Ant City" (score)
  14. "The Missing Link"
  15. "The March Of Man"
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