s in the heritable
characteristics of biological
population
s. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organisation, including species
, individual organism
s and molecules
such as DNA
and protein
s.
Life on Earth originated
and then evolved from a universal common ancestor
approximately 3.7 billion years ago. Repeated speciation
and the divergence
of life can be traced through shared sets of biochemical and morphological traits, or by shared DNA sequences.
Anthropological, biological, and genetic evidence all put the origin of modern humans at between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, probably in Africa. There is also much data that show an outburst of cultural behavior occurring around 50,000-40,000 years ago in Europe. That's when archaeologists date the oldest evidence of burial ceremonies, body ornaments, and cave paintings.
I find it hard to swallow that I have only ten times more genes than those lowly bacteria in my gut. I had always liked the fact that they have ten thousand times less DNA than I did - that felt about right - but a factor of ten was carrying democracy a bit too far.
The most preposterous notion that H. sapiens has ever dreamed up is that the Lord God of Creation, Shaper and Ruler of all the Universes, wants the saccharine adoration of His creatures, can be swayed by their prayers, and becomes petulant if He does not receive this flattery. Yet this absurd fantasy, without a shred of evidence to bolster it, pays all the expenses of the oldest, largest, and least productive industry in all history.
[A] curious aspect of the theory of evolution is that everybody thinks he understands it.
Orgel's Second Rule: Evolution is cleverer than you are.
"Evolution is a tinkerer.
A hen is only an egg's way of making another egg.