Smart pointers

• based on Boost Smart Pointer library ^{http://www.boost.org/libs/smart_ptr/smart_ptr.htm}
• additions to the header file - shared_ptr, weak_ptr, etc.
• utility for memory management and exception safety using the Resource Acquisition Is Initialization
  Resource Acquisition Is Initialization
  Resource Acquisition Is Initialization is a programming idiom used in several object-oriented languages like C++, D and Ada. The technique was invented by Bjarne Stroustrup to deal with resource deallocation in C++...
  
   (RAII) idiom

Polymorphic function wrapper

• function
• based on Boost.Function ^{http://www.boost.org/doc/html/function.html}
• stores all callables (function pointers, member function pointers, and function objects) that use a specified function call signature. The specific type of callable object is not required.

Function object binders

• bind
• taken from Boost Bind library ^{http://www.boost.org/libs/bind/bind.html}
• generalized version of the standard std::bind1st and std::bind2nd
• binds parameters to function objects, and allows for function composition.

Function return types

• result_of
• taken from Boost
• determines the type of a call expression

mem_fn

• mem_fn
• based on Boost Mem Fn library ^{http://www.boost.org/libs/bind/mem_fn.html}
• enhancement to the standard std::mem_fun and std::mem_fun_ref
• allows pointers to member functions
  Subroutine
  In computer science, a subroutine is a portion of code within a larger program that performs a specific task and is relatively independent of the remaining code....
  
   to be treated as function objects

Metaprogramming and type traits

• new header file - is_pod, has_virtual_destructor, remove_extent, etc.
• based on Boost Type Traits library http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_37_0/libs/type_traits/doc/html/index.html
• facilitates metaprogramming by enabling queries on and transformation between different types

Random number generation

• new header file - variate_generator, mersenne twister, poisson distribution
  Poisson distribution
  In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time and/or space if these events occur with a known average rate and independently of the time since...
  
  , etc.
• utilities for generating random numbers using any of several Pseudorandom number generators, engines, and probability distributions

Mathematical special functions

• additions to the / header files - beta, legendre, etc.

Function name	Function prototype	Mathematical expression
Associated Laguerre polynomials	double assoc_laguerre( unsigned n, unsigned m, double x ) ;
Associated Legendre polynomials Associated Legendre polynomials In mathematics, the associated Legendre polynomials are the canonical solutions of the general Legendre equation\,y -2xy' + \left\,y = 0,\,or equivalently...	double assoc_legendre( unsigned l, unsigned m, double x ) ;
Beta function	double beta( double x, double y ) ;
Complete elliptic integral of the first kind	double comp_ellint_1( double k ) ;
Complete elliptic integral of the second kind	double comp_ellint_2( double k ) ;
Complete elliptic integral of the third kind	double comp_ellint_3( double k, double nu ) ;
Confluent hypergeometric functions	double conf_hyperg( double a, double c, double x ) ;
Regular modified cylindrical Bessel functions	double cyl_bessel_i( double nu, double x ) ;
Cylindrical Bessel functions of the first kind	double cyl_bessel_j( double nu, double x ) ;
Irregular modified cylindrical Bessel functions	double cyl_bessel_k( double nu, double x ) ;
Cylindrical Neumann functions Cylindrical Bessel functions of the second kind	double cyl_neumann( double nu, double x ) ;
Incomplete elliptic integral of the first kind	double ellint_1( double k, double phi ) ;
Incomplete elliptic integral of the second kind	double ellint_2( double k, double phi ) ;
Incomplete elliptic integral of the third kind	double ellint_3( double k, double nu, double phi ) ;
Exponential integral Exponential integral In mathematics, the exponential integral is a special function defined on the complex plane given the symbol Ei.-Definitions:For real, nonzero values of x, the exponential integral Ei can be defined as...	double expint( double x ) ;
Hermite polynomials Hermite polynomials In mathematics, the Hermite polynomials are a classical orthogonal polynomial sequence that arise in probability, such as the Edgeworth series; in combinatorics, as an example of an Appell sequence, obeying the umbral calculus; in numerical analysis as Gaussian quadrature; and in physics, where...	double hermite( unsigned n, double x ) ;
Hypergeometric series Hypergeometric series In mathematics, a generalized hypergeometric series is a series in which the ratio of successive coefficients indexed by n is a rational function of n. The series, if convergent, defines a generalized hypergeometric function, which may then be defined over a wider domain of the argument by...	double hyperg( double a, double b, double c, double x ) ;
Laguerre polynomials Laguerre polynomials In mathematics, the Laguerre polynomials, named after Edmond Laguerre ,are the canonical solutions of Laguerre's equation:x\,y + \,y' + n\,y = 0\,which is a second-order linear differential equation....	double laguerre( unsigned n, double x ) ;
Legendre polynomials	double legendre( unsigned l, double x ) ;
Riemann zeta function	double riemann_zeta( double x ) ;
Spherical Bessel functions of the first kind	double sph_bessel( unsigned n, double x ) ;
Spherical associated Legendre functions	double sph_legendre( unsigned l, unsigned m, double theta ) ;
Spherical Neumann functions Spherical Bessel functions of the second kind	double sph_neumann( unsigned n, double x ) ;

Tuple types

• new header file - tuple
• based on Boost Tuple library ^{http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html}
• vaguely an extension of the standard std::pair
• fixed size collection of elements, which may be of different types

Fixed size array

• new header file - array
• taken from Boost Array library ^{http://www.boost.org/doc/html/array.html}
• as opposed to dynamic array types such as the standard std::vector

Hash tables

• new , <unordered map
  Unordered map (C++)
  unordered_map is a class template representing a hash table in the C++ Technical Report 1 and the C++11 standard. It is similar to the hash_map class template of the original STL which was also included in several implementations of the C++ Standard Library unordered_map is a class template...
  
  > header files
• they implement the unordered_set, unordered_multiset, unordered_map, and unordered_multimap classes, analogous to set, multiset, map, and multimap, respectively
  • unfortunately, unordered_set and unordered_multiset cannot be used with the set_union, set_intersection, set_difference, set_symmetric_difference, and includes standard library functions, which work for set and multiset
• new implementation, not derived from an existing library, not fully API compatible with existing libraries
• like all hash table
  Hash table
  In computer science, a hash table or hash map is a data structure that uses a hash function to map identifying values, known as keys , to their associated values . Thus, a hash table implements an associative array...
  
  s, often provide constant time lookup of elements but the worst case can be linear in the size of the container

Regular expressions

• new header file - regex, regex_match, regex_search, regex_replace, etc.
• based on Boost RegEx library ^{http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_36_0/libs/regex/doc/html/index.html}
• pattern matching library

C compatibility