Soybean rust
Encyclopedia
Soybean rust, also known as Asian soybean rust, is a disease that affects soybean
s and other legumes. It is caused by two types of fungi
, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae. P. meibomiae is the weaker pathogen
of the two and generally does not cause widespread problems. The disease has been reported across Asia
, Australia
, Africa
, South America
and the United States
.
to the United States
by Hurricane Ivan
.
Recent research from Washington State University
indicates that the herbicide Glyphosate may be effective in dealing with the fungus.
Rust-resistant varieties of soybeans are currently in development by both public universities and private industry.
Soybean
The soybean or soya bean is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses...
s and other legumes. It is caused by two types of fungi
Fungus
A fungus is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds , as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from plants, animals, and bacteria...
, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae. P. meibomiae is the weaker pathogen
Pathogen
A pathogen gignomai "I give birth to") or infectious agent — colloquially, a germ — is a microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its animal or plant host...
of the two and generally does not cause widespread problems. The disease has been reported across Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
and the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
Habitat
Soybean rust thrives on green, growing plants, and requires a climate which provides high moisture and moderate heat. It is unable to survive the cold winters of northern habitats.Propagation
Soybean rust is spread by wind-borne spores, which are released in cycles of seven days to two weeks. It is commonly believed that the disease was carried from VenezuelaVenezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
to the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
by Hurricane Ivan
Hurricane Ivan
Hurricane Ivan was a large, long-lived, Cape Verde-type hurricane that caused widespread damage in the Caribbean and United States. The cyclone was the ninth named storm, the sixth hurricane and the fourth major hurricane of the active 2004 Atlantic hurricane season...
.
Treatment
When properly applied, fungicides can be used preventively or to cure infected plants which, if left untreated, will eventually die.Recent research from Washington State University
Washington State University
Washington State University is a public research university based in Pullman, Washington, in the Palouse region of the Pacific Northwest. Founded in 1890, WSU is the state's original and largest land-grant university...
indicates that the herbicide Glyphosate may be effective in dealing with the fungus.
Rust-resistant varieties of soybeans are currently in development by both public universities and private industry.
See also
- Rust (fungus)Rust (fungus)Rusts are plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales. About 7800 species are known. Rusts can affect a variety of plants; leaves, stems, fruits and seeds. Rust is most commonly seen as coloured powder, composed off tiny aeciospores which land on vegetation producing...
- Phakopsora gossypiiPhakopsora gossypiiPhakopsora gossypii is a plant pathogen and causal agent of Cotton rust. - External links :**...
also known as Cotton rust - Soybean dwarf virusSoybean dwarf virusSoybean dwarf virus is a pathogenic plant virus.-External links:**...
External links
- USDA's Soybean Rust site
- Soybean Plant Health Initiative site
- Top Soybean Rust News from Ag Professional and Successful Farming
- Using Foliar Fungicides to Manage Soybean Rust
- Map of Risk of Soybean Rust Across Southeastern United States
- Species Profile- Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phakopsora meibomiae), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural LibraryUnited States National Agricultural LibraryThe United States National Agricultural Library is one of the world's largest agricultural research libraries, and serves as a National Library of the United States and as the library of the United States Department of Agriculture...
. Lists general information and resources for Soybean Rust.