Soviet naval reactor
Encyclopedia
Soviet naval reactors have been used to power both military and civilian vessels, including:
They have included both pressurized water reactors and a relatively few liquid metal fast reactors.
- Nuclear submarineNuclear submarineA nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor . The performance advantages of nuclear submarines over "conventional" submarines are considerable: nuclear propulsion, being completely independent of air, frees the submarine from the need to surface frequently, as is necessary for...
s:- Attack submarines.
- Cruise missileCruise missileA cruise missile is a guided missile that carries an explosive payload and is propelled, usually by a jet engine, towards a land-based or sea-based target. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high accuracy...
submarines. - Ballistic missile submarines.
- Nuclear icebreakers:
- Soviet icebreaker LeninSoviet icebreaker LeninThe NS Lenin is a Soviet icebreaker launched in 1957, and is both the world's first nuclear powered surface ship and the first nuclear powered civilian vessel. Lenin was put into operation in 1959 and officially decommissioned in 1989....
. - Arktika-class icebreakersArktika class icebreakerThe Arktika class is a Russian class of nuclear powered icebreakers. They are owned by the federal government, but were operated by the Murmansk Shipping Company until 2008, when they were transferred to the fully government-owned operator Atomflot. Of the ten civilian nuclear powered vessels...
. - Taymyr-class icebreakers.
- Soviet icebreaker Lenin
- Nuclear cruisers:
- Kirov-class battlecruisersKirov class battlecruiserThe Kirov-class battlecruiser is a class of nuclear-powered military ships of the Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships currently in active operation in the world. The Russian designation is heavy nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser...
.
- Kirov-class battlecruisers
- Merchant ship:
- SevmorputSevmorputSevmorput is a Russian nuclear-powered icebreaking LASH carrier and container ship. Delivered in 1988 and named after the Northern Sea Route , she is the last of only four nuclear-powered cargo ships ever built and the only one still operating on nuclear power.- Development and construction :The...
- Sevmorput
- Command ship:
- SSV-33 UralSoviet command ship SSV-33SSV-33 Ural was a command and control ship operated by the Soviet Navy. SSV-33's hull was derived from that of the nuclear powered Kirov class battlecruisers. SSV-33 served in electronic intelligence, missile tracking, space tracking, and communications relay roles...
- SSV-33 Ural
They have included both pressurized water reactors and a relatively few liquid metal fast reactors.
Reactor types
| Reactor system | Reactor designation | Type | Power | Date of first deploy | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OK-150 OK-150 reactor The OK-150 reactor and its successor, the OK-900 reactor are Soviet marine nuclear fission reactors used to power ships at sea. They are pressurized water reactors that use enriched uranium-235 fuel... |
3* ??? | PWR | 3* 90 MW | 1959 | Icebreaker Lenin Soviet icebreaker Lenin The NS Lenin is a Soviet icebreaker launched in 1957, and is both the world's first nuclear powered surface ship and the first nuclear powered civilian vessel. Lenin was put into operation in 1959 and officially decommissioned in 1989.... before renovation |
| ??? | 2* VM-A | PWR | 2* 70 MW | 1959 | November class attack submarines November class submarine The Project 627 class submarine was the Soviet Union's first class of nuclear-powered submarines. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization used the standard radio communication phonetic alphabet to denote submarine classes... Echo class cruise missile submarines Echo class submarine The Echo class submarines were nuclear cruise missile submarines of the Soviet Navy built during the 1960s. Their Soviet designation was Project 659 class for the first five vessels, and Project 675 for the following twenty-nine... Hotel class SLBM submarines Hotel class submarine The Hotel class is the general NATO classification for a type of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1959. The Soviet designation is Project 658.-Design:... |
| ??? | 2* VT RM-1 VT-1 reactor The VT-1 reactor was the nuclear fission reactor used in a pair to power Soviet submarine K-27 as part of the Soviet Navy's Project 645 Кит-ЖМТ. It is a liquid metal cooled reactor , using highly enriched uranium-235 fuel to produce 73 MWt of power.... |
LMFR | 2* 73 MW | 1963 | Attack submarine K-27 Soviet submarine K-27 The K-27 was the only submarine of Projekt 645 in the Soviet Navy. Project 645 did not have or need its own NATO reporting name. That project produced just one test model nuclear submarine, one which incorporated a pair of experimental VT-1 nuclear reactors that used a liquid-metal coolant ,... |
| OK-300 | 2* VM-4 | PWR | 2* 72 MW | 1967 | Victor I; II class attack submarines Victor class submarine The Victor class is the NATO reporting name for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1967. In the USSR, they were produced as Project 671. Victor-class subs featured a teardrop shape, which allowed them to travel at high speed... |
| OK-350 | 1* VM-4-1 | PWR | 1* 89 MW | 1967 | Charlie class cruise missile submarines Charlie class submarine The Charlie class submarine is a nuclear powered cruise missile submarine built for the Soviet Navy and later operated by the Russian Navy.-Background:... |
| OK-700 | 2* VM-4-2 | PWR | 2* 90 MW | 1967 | Yankee class SLBM submarines Yankee class submarine The Yankee class is the NATO classification for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was constructed by the Soviet Union from 1968 onward. 34 units were produced under Project 667A Navaga and Project 667AU Nalim... |
| ??? | 2* V-5R | PWR | 2* 177 MW | 1969 | Papa class attack submarine Papa class submarine Soviet submarine K-162 was the world's fastest submarine. The first submarine constructed with a titanium hull, she was the only vessel of the Soviet Union's Project 661 Anchar nuclear-powered attack submarine design. The boat is best known in the West by its NATO reporting name Papa class... |
| OK-900 | 2* ??? | PWR | 2* 159 MW | 1970 | Icebreaker Lenin Soviet icebreaker Lenin The NS Lenin is a Soviet icebreaker launched in 1957, and is both the world's first nuclear powered surface ship and the first nuclear powered civilian vessel. Lenin was put into operation in 1959 and officially decommissioned in 1989.... after renovation |
| OK-550 OK-550 reactor The OK-550 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used to power three of the seven boats of the Soviet Navy's Project 705 Лира fourth generation submarines... |
1* BM-40A BM-40A reactor The BM-40A reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used to power four of the seven boats of the Soviet Navy's Project 705 Лира fourth generation submarines... |
LMFR | 1* 155 MW | 1971 | Alfa class attack submarines Alfa class submarine The Soviet Union/Russian Navy Project 705 was a class of hunter/killer nuclear powered submarines. The class is also known by the NATO reporting name of Alfa... |
| OK-700 | 2* VM-4B | PWR | 2* 90 MW | 1972 | Delta I class SLBM submarines Delta II class SLBM submarines |
| OK-900A (?) | 2* KLT-40M KLT-40 reactor The KLT-40 and KLT-40M reactors are nuclear fission reactors used to power the Taymyr-class icebreakers and the LASH carrier Sevmorput... |
PWR | 2* 171 MW | 1975 | Arktika-class icebreakers Arktika class icebreaker The Arktika class is a Russian class of nuclear powered icebreakers. They are owned by the federal government, but were operated by the Murmansk Shipping Company until 2008, when they were transferred to the fully government-owned operator Atomflot. Of the ten civilian nuclear powered vessels... |
| OK-700A | 2* VM-4S | PWR | 2* 90 MW | 1976 | Delta III class SLBM submarines Delta III class submarine The 667BDR Kaľmar Delta-III class submarine is a large ballistic missile submarine operated by Russian Navy. Like as other previous Delta class submarines the Delta III is a double hulled design with a thin low magnetic steel outer hull wrapped around a thicker inner pressure hull.- Design :The... |
| OK-300A (?) | 2* VM-4A | PWR | 2* 72 MW | 1977 | Victor III class attack submarines Victor class submarine The Victor class is the NATO reporting name for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1967. In the USSR, they were produced as Project 671. Victor-class subs featured a teardrop shape, which allowed them to travel at high speed... |
| OK-650M OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... |
2* ??? | PWR | 2* 190 MW | 1980 | Oscar class cruise missile submarines Oscar class submarine The Project 949 and Project 949A Soviet Navy/Russian Navy cruise missile submarines .... |
| OK-900 | 2* KN-3 KN-3 reactor The KN-3 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used in pairs to power the Kirov-class battlecruisers. The reactor was also intended to be used on the Ulyanovsk class of supercarriers. It is a pressurized water reactor , using enriched uranium-235 fuel to produce 300 MW of power.... |
PWR | 2* 300 MW | 1980 | Kirov-class battlecruisers Kirov class battlecruiser The Kirov-class battlecruiser is a class of nuclear-powered military ships of the Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships currently in active operation in the world. The Russian designation is heavy nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser... |
| OK-650 OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... |
2* ??? | PWR | 2* 190 MW | 1981 | Typhoon class SLBM submarines Typhoon class submarine The Project 941 or Akula, Russian "Акула" class submarine is a type of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine deployed by the Soviet Navy in the 1980s... |
| OK-650B-3 OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... |
1* ??? | PWR | 1* 190 MW | 1983 | Attack submarine K-278 Soviet submarine K-278 Komsomolets K-278 Komsomolets was the only Project 685 Плавник nuclear-powered attack submarine of the Soviet Navy. The boat sank in 1989 and is currently resting on the floor of the Barents Sea, one mile deep, with its nuclear reactor and two nuclear warheads still on board... (Mike class) |
| OK-650A OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... |
1* ??? | PWR | 1* 190 MW | 1984 | Sierra class attack submarines Sierra class submarine The Sierra I class or Project 945 nuclear submarine was the Soviet Union's successor class to the partly successful Project 705 Lira class submarine... |
| OK-9VM OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... |
1* ??? | PWR | 1* 190 MW | 1984 | Akula class attack submarines Akula class submarine Project 971 Щука-Б , is a nuclear-powered attack submarine first deployed by the Soviet Navy in 1986... |
| OK-700A (?) | 2* VM-4SG | PWR | 2* 90 MW | 1984 | Delta IV class SLBM submarines |
| ??? | 1* KLT-40M KLT-40 reactor The KLT-40 and KLT-40M reactors are nuclear fission reactors used to power the Taymyr-class icebreakers and the LASH carrier Sevmorput... |
PWR | 1* 171 MW | 1988 | Taymyr-class icebreakers |
| ??? | 1* KLT-40 KLT-40 reactor The KLT-40 and KLT-40M reactors are nuclear fission reactors used to power the Taymyr-class icebreakers and the LASH carrier Sevmorput... |
PWR | 1* 135 MW | 1988 | Merchant ship Sevmorput Sevmorput Sevmorput is a Russian nuclear-powered icebreaking LASH carrier and container ship. Delivered in 1988 and named after the Northern Sea Route , she is the last of only four nuclear-powered cargo ships ever built and the only one still operating on nuclear power.- Development and construction :The... |
| OK-900 (?) | 2* KN-3 KN-3 reactor The KN-3 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used in pairs to power the Kirov-class battlecruisers. The reactor was also intended to be used on the Ulyanovsk class of supercarriers. It is a pressurized water reactor , using enriched uranium-235 fuel to produce 300 MW of power.... (VM-16 (?)) |
PWR | 2* 171 MW | 1989 | SSV-33 Ural-command ship Soviet command ship SSV-33 SSV-33 Ural was a command and control ship operated by the Soviet Navy. SSV-33's hull was derived from that of the nuclear powered Kirov class battlecruisers. SSV-33 served in electronic intelligence, missile tracking, space tracking, and communications relay roles... |
| OK-650B OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... (?) |
2* ??? | PWR | 2* 190 MW | 2009 | Borei class SLBM submarine Borei class submarine The Borei class is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine produced and operated by the Russian Navy. The class is intended to replace the Delta III, Delta IV and Typhoon classes now in Russian Navy service... |
| OK-650V OK-650 reactor The OK-650 reactor is the nuclear fission reactor used singly to power the Soviet Navy'sProject 685 Плавник ,Project 971 Щука-Б , andProject 945 Барракуда, Кондор, and Марс submarines, and in pairs to power the... (?) |
1* KPM (?) | PWR | 1* 200 MW | expected 2011 | Graney class attack submarines Graney class submarine The Yasen-class submarine , also known in the literature as the Graney class and Severodvinsk class, is a new Russian nuclear multipurpose attack submarine class... |
| ??? | 2* KLT-40S KLT-40 reactor The KLT-40 and KLT-40M reactors are nuclear fission reactors used to power the Taymyr-class icebreakers and the LASH carrier Sevmorput... |
PWR | 2* 150 MW | espected 2012 | Russian floating nuclear power station Russian floating nuclear power station Floating nuclear power stations are vessels projected by Rosatom that present self-contained, low-capacity, floating nuclear power plants... Akademik Lomonosov Akademik Lomonosov Akademik Lomonosov is a non-self-propelled vessel to be operate as the first Russian floating nuclear power station. The ship was named after Academician Mikhail Lomonosov.-History:... |
| ??? | ?* RITM-200 RITM-200 The RITM-200 is a design for a pressurized water reactor being developed by OKBM Afrikantov and is designed to produce 55 MWe. It would use 20% enriched uranium-235 and will be refuelled every 7 years for a 40 year planed lifespan.... |
PWR | ??? MW | expected 2015 | New generation of icebreakers |