Hotel class submarine
Encyclopedia
The Hotel class is the general NATO classification
NATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are classified code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc...
for a type of nuclear-powered
Nuclear marine propulsion
Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship by a nuclear reactor. Naval nuclear propulsion is propulsion that specifically refers to naval warships...
ballistic missile submarine
Ballistic missile submarine
A ballistic missile submarine is a submarine equipped to launch ballistic missiles .-Description:Ballistic missile submarines are larger than any other type of submarine, in order to accommodate SLBMs such as the Russian R-29 or the American Trident...
that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
around 1959. The Soviet designation is Project 658.
Design
Development of the submarine, designed to carry the D-2 launch system and R-13 missiles, was approved on 26 August 1956. Work on the design began in September 1956, and the technical project was completed in the first quarter of 1957.The duties of the chief designer of Project 658 were originally assigned to the chief engineer of OKB-18
OKB
OKB is a transliteration of the Russian acronym for "Опытное конструкторское бюро" - Opytnoe Konstructorskoe Byuro, meaning Experimental Design Bureau...
, P.Z. Golosovskiy. In February 1958 project management was transferred to I.V. Mikhaylov, who in October 1958 had replaced S.N. Kovalev. The deputy of the chief designer was from outset I.D. Spasskiy.
The Hotel design was based on the Project 627 November class
November class submarine
The Project 627 class submarine was the Soviet Union's first class of nuclear-powered submarines. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization used the standard radio communication phonetic alphabet to denote submarine classes...
, the first Soviet nuclear submarines, modified by adding the missile compartment from the Golf class submarine
Golf class submarine
Project 629, also known by the NATO reporting name of Golf class, were diesel electric ballistic missile submarines of the Soviet Navy. They were designed after six Zulu class submarines were successfully modified to carry and launch Scud missiles...
s. Additionally, the Hotels had small horizontal hydroplanes for better maneuverability, and more reliable electro-hydraulic command control surfaces for high-speed underwater operations with reduced noise.
The D-2 launch system on the Hotels placed three R-13 missiles in vertical containers directly behind the sail. The submarine had to be surfaced to launch, but all three missiles could be fired within 12 minutes of surfacing.
Hotel I
The first Hotel submarine, the infamous K-19Soviet submarine K-19
K-19, KS-19, BS_19 was one of the first two Soviet submarines of the 658, 658м, 658с class , the first generation nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 . Its keel was laid down on 17 October 1958, christened on 8 April 1959 and launched on 11 October 1959...
, was laid down on 17 October 1958, and would be given to Captain Nikolai Vladimirovich Zateyev
Nikolai Vladimirovich Zateyev
Nikolai Vladimirovich Zateyev was a Russian submariner and a Captain First Rank in the Soviet Navy, notable as the commander of the ill-fated Soviet submarine K-19 in July 1961 during the Hotel class submarine's nuclear-reactor coolant leak. Zateyev and the actions of his crew managed to avert...
, only to suffer numerous setbacks and accidents. The last of the eight Hotel submarines was launched 1 April 1962. All of them were built at Severodvinsk State Shipyard 402 (now known as the Northern Machine-Building Enterprise - SEVMASH - in Molotovsk (now Severodvinsk) shipyard Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. The eight Hotels were K-19
Soviet submarine K-19
K-19, KS-19, BS_19 was one of the first two Soviet submarines of the 658, 658м, 658с class , the first generation nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 . Its keel was laid down on 17 October 1958, christened on 8 April 1959 and launched on 11 October 1959...
, K-33
Soviet submarine K-33
The K-33 was a Soviet nuclear powered Project 658 class submarine . She belonged to the Soviet Northern Fleet and carried the identification number 921. In 1977, she was renamed K-54....
, K-55, K-40, K-16, K-145, K-149 (Ukrainskiy Komsomolets), and K-178.
Vessels
| # | Shipyard | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K-19 Soviet submarine K-19 K-19, KS-19, BS_19 was one of the first two Soviet submarines of the 658, 658м, 658с class , the first generation nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear ballistic missiles, specifically the R-13 . Its keel was laid down on 17 October 1958, christened on 8 April 1959 and launched on 11 October 1959... |
SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | October 17, 1958 | October 11, 1959 | November 12, 1960 | Decommissioned 1991 as KS-19 for scrapping |
| K-33 Soviet submarine K-33 The K-33 was a Soviet nuclear powered Project 658 class submarine . She belonged to the Soviet Northern Fleet and carried the identification number 921. In 1977, she was renamed K-54.... "K-54" |
SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | February 9, 1959 | August 6, 1960 | December 24, 1960 | Decommissioned 1987 for scrapping |
| K-55 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | August 5, 1959 | September 18, 1960 | December 27, 1960 | Decommissioned 1989 for scrapping |
| K-40 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | December 6, 1959 | June 18, 1961 | December 27, 1961 | Decommissioned 1987 for scrapping |
| K-16 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | May 5, 1960 | July 31, 1961 | December 28, 1961 | Decommissioned 1987 for scrapping |
| K-145 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | January 21, 1961 | May 30, 1962 | October 31, 1962 | Decommissioned 1989 for scrapping |
| K-149 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | April 12, 1961 | July 20, 1962 | October 27, 1962 | Decommissioned 1991 for scrapping |
| K-178 | SEVMASH, Severodvinsk | September 11, 1961 | April 1, 1962 | December 8, 1962 | Decommissioned 1990 for scrapping |
Hotel II
Beginning in 1961 and ending in 1963, all Hotels but one (K-145) were equipped with the new D-4 launch system, which could launch missiles from a depth of 16 meters. The modified submarines received the NATO reporting nameNATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are classified code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc...
Hotel II. They were armed with R-21 (SS-N-5 Serb) missiles, with a range of 1200 km (650 nm). The installation of the D-4 launching system required some structural changes of the submarine; before launch, the launch tube had to be flooded. The chief designer of the modification was S.N. Kovalev.
Hotel III
From 1969 to 1970 K-145 was modified by Project 701 to test the R-29 missiles, receiving the NATO reporting nameNATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are classified code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc...
Hotel III. It was lengthened to 130 meters and its displacement increased to 5500 tons surfaced and 6400 tons submerged. The maximum speed was reduced to 18 knots (35 km/h) on the surface and 22 knots (43 km/h) submerged. Six launchers for R-29 missiles were placed in two compartments, each with three launchers. In 1976 K-145 returned to combat service.