Roman Catholic Diocese of Salamanca
Encyclopedia
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Salamanca is a diocese
located in the city of Salamanca
in the Ecclesiastical province
of Valladolid
in Spain.
; in the third council is that of Eleutherius; at the coronation of King Gondemar, that of Teveristus; in the fourth and sixth of Hiccila; in the seventh, eighth and tenth, of Egeretus; in the Provincial Council of Mérida (metropolis of Salamanca) the signature of Justus;in the twelfth of Toledo that of Providentius; in the thirteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth, of Holemund, probably contemporaneous with the Muslim invasion.
Alfonso I the Catholic pushed his conquests as far as Salamanca, and Ordoño I of Asturias
captured the city, but its bishops continued to reside in Asturias
, where the Church of San Julian, outside the walls of Oviedo, was assigned to them. Bishop Quindulfus (802) signed a royal deed of gift. Ramiro II of León
, who defeated the Muslim forces at Simancas
, began to repopulate Salamanca. In 1102 the king's son-in-law Raymond, Count of Burgundy, and his wife Urraca of Castile
, gave the churches of the city to Don Jeronimo, the count's master, and built the Cathedral of S. Maria. The celebrated bishop, comrade of the Cid Campeador, died in 1120 and was interred in the newly-built basilica, to which he left the "Christ of the Battles" (Cristo de las Batallas).
Later bishops were:
From his period date the university of Salamanca
and the most ancient and famous convents of Dominicans
, Franciscans, and Clarisses. In October, 1310, the see being vacant, fifteen prelates of the ancient Province of Lusitania, presided over by the Archbishop of Santiago, assembled in the cathedral of Salamanca to try the case of the Knights Templar
, and found them innocent in Spain of all the atrocities with which they were charged.
Bishop Juan Lucero accompanied King Alfonso XI to the conquest of Algeciras
. Later on he became subservient to the caprices of Pedro I the Cruel and annulled (1354) his marriage with Blanche of Bourbon in order to unite him with Juana de Castro. Lucero's successor, Alsonso Barrasa, on the conrary, supported Henry of Trastamare against Pedro. In May, 1382, a council was held at Salamanca to take action in the matter of the schism of Avignon, and Castile decided in favour of the antipope. In another council (1410) Salamanca again recognized Peter de Luna (Benedict XIII) as pope. At this time Vincent Ferrer
laboured to convert the Jews of Salamanca; from 1460 to 1478 John of Sahagun
preached in the diocese.
Diocese
A diocese is the district or see under the supervision of a bishop. It is divided into parishes.An archdiocese is more significant than a diocese. An archdiocese is presided over by an archbishop whose see may have or had importance due to size or historical significance...
located in the city of Salamanca
Salamanca
Salamanca is a city in western Spain, in the community of Castile and León. Because it is known for its beautiful buildings and urban environment, the Old City was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. It is the most important university city in Spain and is known for its contributions to...
in the Ecclesiastical province
Ecclesiastical Province
An ecclesiastical province is a large jurisdiction of religious government, so named by analogy with a secular province, existing in certain hierarchical Christian churches, especially in the Catholic Church and Orthodox Churches and in the Anglican Communion...
of Valladolid
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Valladolid
The Archdiocese of Valladolid is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Spain. It was erected as the Diocese of Valladolid by Pope Clement VIII on September 25, 1595, and was elevated to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Pius IX on July 4, 1857, with the...
in Spain.
History
The See of Salamanca is of unknown origin. St. Secundus is said to have founded the Diocese of Avila. Signatures of bishops of Salamanca are found in the Councils of ToledoCouncils of Toledo
Councils of Toledo . From the 5th century to the 7th century, about thirty synods, variously counted, were held at Toledo in what would come to be part of Spain. The earliest, directed against Priscillianism, assembled in 400. The "third" synod of 589 marked the epoch-making conversion of King...
; in the third council is that of Eleutherius; at the coronation of King Gondemar, that of Teveristus; in the fourth and sixth of Hiccila; in the seventh, eighth and tenth, of Egeretus; in the Provincial Council of Mérida (metropolis of Salamanca) the signature of Justus;in the twelfth of Toledo that of Providentius; in the thirteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth, of Holemund, probably contemporaneous with the Muslim invasion.
Alfonso I the Catholic pushed his conquests as far as Salamanca, and Ordoño I of Asturias
Ordoño I of Asturias
Ordoño I was King of Asturias from 850 until his death.-Biography:He was born in Oviedo, where he spent his early life in the court of Alfonso II. He was probably associated with the crown from an early age. He was probably raised in Lugo, capital of the province of Galicia, of which his father,...
captured the city, but its bishops continued to reside in Asturias
Asturias
The Principality of Asturias is an autonomous community of the Kingdom of Spain, coextensive with the former Kingdom of Asturias in the Middle Ages...
, where the Church of San Julian, outside the walls of Oviedo, was assigned to them. Bishop Quindulfus (802) signed a royal deed of gift. Ramiro II of León
Ramiro II of León
Ramiro II , son of Ordoño II, was King of León from 931 until his death. Initially titular king only of a lesser part of Asturias, he gained the crown of León after his brother Alfonso IV abdicated in 931...
, who defeated the Muslim forces at Simancas
Simancas
Simancas is a town and municipality of central Spain, located in the province of Valladolid, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León...
, began to repopulate Salamanca. In 1102 the king's son-in-law Raymond, Count of Burgundy, and his wife Urraca of Castile
Urraca of Castile
Urraca was Queen regnant of León, Castile, and Galicia, and claimed the imperial title as suo jure Empress of All the Spains from 1109 until her death in childbirth, as well as Empress of All Galicia.- Childhood :...
, gave the churches of the city to Don Jeronimo, the count's master, and built the Cathedral of S. Maria. The celebrated bishop, comrade of the Cid Campeador, died in 1120 and was interred in the newly-built basilica, to which he left the "Christ of the Battles" (Cristo de las Batallas).
Later bishops were:
- Gerardo; Munio, a partisan of Alfonso of AragonAlfonso of AragonAlfonso of Aragon was the Duke of Bisceglie and Prince of Salerno, as the son of King Alfonso II of Naples by his mistress Truzia Gazzela ....
; - Berengario, consecrated in 1135 and transferred to Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
in 1151; - Navarro;
- Ordoño Gonzalo;
- Pedro Suarez, praised by Pope Alexander IIIPope Alexander IIIPope Alexander III , born Rolando of Siena, was Pope from 1159 to 1181. He is noted in history for laying the foundation stone for the Notre Dame de Paris.-Church career:...
for learning and prudence; - Vitalis, who maintained the validity of Alfonso IX's marriage with his cousin Teresa of PortugalTeresa of PortugalTheresa of Portugal was Queen of Léon as the first wife of King Alfonso IX of Léon...
against the censures of Pope Celestine IIIPope Celestine IIIPope Celestine III , born Giacinto Bobone, was elected Pope on March 21, 1191, and reigned until his death. He was born into the noble Orsini family in Rome, though he was only a cardinal deacon before becoming Pope...
and the sentence of the bishops presided over by Cardinal Guillermo in 1197.
From his period date the university of Salamanca
University of Salamanca
The University of Salamanca is a Spanish higher education institution, located in the town of Salamanca, west of Madrid. It was founded in 1134 and given the Royal charter of foundation by King Alfonso IX in 1218. It is the oldest founded university in Spain and the third oldest European...
and the most ancient and famous convents of Dominicans
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
, Franciscans, and Clarisses. In October, 1310, the see being vacant, fifteen prelates of the ancient Province of Lusitania, presided over by the Archbishop of Santiago, assembled in the cathedral of Salamanca to try the case of the Knights Templar
Knights Templar
The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon , commonly known as the Knights Templar, the Order of the Temple or simply as Templars, were among the most famous of the Western Christian military orders...
, and found them innocent in Spain of all the atrocities with which they were charged.
Bishop Juan Lucero accompanied King Alfonso XI to the conquest of Algeciras
Algeciras
Algeciras is a port city in the south of Spain, and is the largest city on the Bay of Gibraltar . Port of Algeciras is one of the largest ports in Europe and in the world in three categories: container,...
. Later on he became subservient to the caprices of Pedro I the Cruel and annulled (1354) his marriage with Blanche of Bourbon in order to unite him with Juana de Castro. Lucero's successor, Alsonso Barrasa, on the conrary, supported Henry of Trastamare against Pedro. In May, 1382, a council was held at Salamanca to take action in the matter of the schism of Avignon, and Castile decided in favour of the antipope. In another council (1410) Salamanca again recognized Peter de Luna (Benedict XIII) as pope. At this time Vincent Ferrer
Vincent Ferrer
Saint Vincent Ferrer was a Valencian Dominican missionary and logician.-Early life:Vincent was the fourth child of the Anglo-Scottish nobleman William Stewart Ferrer and his Spanish wife, Constantia Miguel. Legends surround his birth...
laboured to convert the Jews of Salamanca; from 1460 to 1478 John of Sahagun
John of Sahagún
John of Sahagún , also known as Saint John of San Facondo, was a Spanish priest who belonged to the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine...
preached in the diocese.
Special churches
- Minor Basilicas:
- Basílica de Santa Teresa, Alba de TormesAlba de TormesAlba de Tormes is a municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. The town is on the River Tormes upstream from the city of Salamanca. Alba gave its name to one of Spain's most important dukedoms. St Teresa of Ávila died at a convent...
, Salamanca, Castilla y Leon
- Basílica de Santa Teresa, Alba de Tormes
Leadership
- BishopBishopA bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
s of Salamanca (Roman rite)
- Oliviero CarafaOliviero CarafaOliviero Carafa was an Italian cardinal and diplomat of the Renaissance. Like the majority of his era's prelates, he displayed the lavish and conspicuous standard of living that was expected of a prince of the Church...
(-1494) - Cardinal Raffaele Sansone Riario (Apostolic Administrator 1482.07.08 – 1493?)
- Archbishop Diego de Anaya Maldonado (1392–1407)
- Cardinal Ordonho AlvaresOrdonho AlvaresOrdonho Alvares was a Spanish Cardinal of the Papal Curia.He was secular abbot of Husillos in 1274 and later becamearchbishop of Braga . As Cardinal he was bishop of Frascati and Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals....
(1272–1275) - Diego de Deza, O.P. † (1494–1498)
- Francisco Bobadilla † (18 Nov 1510 - 29 Aug 1529)
- Luis Cabeza de Vaca † (22 Jun 1530 - 14 Apr 1537)
- Rodrigo Mendoza Manrique † (11 Jul 1537 - 4 Nov 1545)
- Pedro Castro Lemos † (20 Feb 1545 - 5 Jun 1553)
- Pedro Acuña Avellaneda † (5 Jun 1555 - 24 Sep 1555)
- Francisco Manrique de Lara † (24 Apr 1556 - 26 Jun 1560)
- Pedro González Mendoza † (26 Jun 1560 - 10 Sep 1574)
- Francisco Soto Salazar † (15 Feb 1576 - 21 Jan 1578)
- Fernando Tricio Arenzana † (13 Jun 1578 - 9 Oct 1578)
- Jerónimo Manrique Figueroa † (9 Jan 1579 - 12 Feb 1593)
- Pedro Junco Posada † (3 Apr 1598 - 3 May 1602)
- Luis Fernández de Córdoba † (20 Nov 1602 - 9 Feb 1615)
- Diego Ordóñez, O.F.M. † (6 Jul 1615 - 22 Dec 1615)
- Francisco Hurtado de Mendoza y Ribera † (5 Sep 1616 - 17 Mar 1621)
- Antonio Corrionero † (17 May 1621 - 4 Apr 1633)
- Cristóbal de la Cámara y Murga † (7 May 1635 - 29 Apr 1641)
- Juan Valenzuela Velázquez † (24 Mar 1642 - 2 Feb 1645)
- Juan Ortiz de ZárateJuan Ortiz de ZárateJuan Ortiz de Zárate Juan Ortiz de Zárate Juan Ortiz de Zárate (c. 1521 Orduña, Biscay (Spain) – 1575 Asunción, (Paraguay). was a Spanish Basque explorer and conquistador. He journeyed to the Americas as a teenager, where he took part in the conquest of Peru under Diego de Almagro....
† (21 Aug 1645 - 24 Apr 1646) - Francisco Díaz Alarcón y Covarrubias † (18 Oct 1645 - 10 Feb 1648)
- Juan Ortiz de Zárate † (30 Nov 1645 - 24 Apr 1646)
- Juan Pérez Delgado † (11 Oct 1655 - 15 Jan 1657)
- Pedro de Salazar Gutiérrez de Toledo, O. de M. † (2 Jun 1681 - 16 Sep 1688)
- Francisco Calderón de la Barca Nieto † (20 Jul 1693 - 25 Feb 1712)
- Silvestre García Escalona † (13 Jun 1714 - 20 Apr 1729)
- José Sancho Granado † (23 Dec 1729 - 30 Sep 1748 Died)
- José Zorrilla Sanmartín † (20 Jan 1749 - 30 Sep 1762)
- Felipe Beltrán SerranoFelipe Beltrán SerranoFelipe Beltrán Serrano was a Spanish churchman who was Bishop of Salamanca from 1763 to 1783 and Grand Inquisitor of Spain from 1775 to 1783.-Biography:...
† (18 Jul 1763 - 30 Nov 1783) - Andrés José Barco Espinosa † (27 Jun 1785 - 17 Apr 1794)
- Felipe Antonio Fernández Vallejo † (12 Sep 1794 - 18 Dec 1797 )
- Antonio Tavira Almazán † (14 Aug 1798 - 8 Jan 1807 )
- Gerardo José Andrés Vázquez Parga, O. Cist. † (3 Aug 1807 - 16 Sep 1821)
- Agustín Lorenzo Varela Temes † (20 May 1824 - 21 Mar 1849)
- Salvador Sanz Grado † (7 Jan 1850 - 21 Jan 1851)
- Antolín García Lozano † (5 Sep 1851 - 15 May 1852 )
- Fernando de la Puente y Primo de Rivera † (27 Sep 1852 - 27 Sep 1857)
- Anastasio Rodrigo Yusto † (25 Sep 1857 - 26 Sep 1867 )
- Joaquín Lluch y Garriga, O.C.D. † (13 Mar 1868 - 16 Jan 1874)
- Narciso Martínez Izquierdo (16 Jan 1874 - 27 Mar 1884)
- Tomás Jenaro de Cámara y Castro, O.S.A. † (27 Mar 1885 - 16 May 1904)
- Francisco Javier Valdés y Noriega, O.S.A. † (14 Nov 1904 - 22 Jan 1913)
- Julián de Diego y García Alcolea † (18 Jul 1913 - 27 Jul 1923)
- Angel Regueras y López (26 Oct 1923 - 28 Dec 1924 Died)
- Francisco Frutos Valiente † (14 Dec 1925 - 24 Jan 1933 Died)
- Enrique Pla y DenielEnrique Pla y DenielEnrique Pla y Deniel was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He came from a rich Barcelona family and trained at the local seminary and the Gregorian University in Rome before an early career in journalism and seminary teaching. He took possession of the Salamancan see in 1935...
(28 Jan 1935 - 3 Oct 1941) - Francisco Barbado y Viejo, O.P. † (10 Apr 1942 - 29 Apr 1964)
- Mauro Rubio Repullés (7 Jul 1964 - 12 May 1995)
- Braulio Rodríguez PlazaBraulio Rodríguez PlazaBraulio Rodríguez Plaza is a Spanish Catholic prelate, the current Archbishop of Toledo and therefore Primate of Spain since his appointment by Pope Benedict XVI on 16 April 2009, which was Pope Benedict's 82nd birthday...
(12 May 1995 - 28 Aug 2002) - Carlos López Hernández (9 Jan 2003 - )
See also
- Roman Catholicism in SpainRoman Catholicism in SpainThe Spanish Catholic Church, part of the global Roman Catholic Church, is under the spiritual leadership of the Pope, curia in Rome, and the Conference of Spanish Bishops.-Statistics:...
- Roman Catholic Diocese of León
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Astorga
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Zamora in Spain
- Kingdom of LeónKingdom of LeónThe Kingdom of León was an independent kingdom situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula. It was founded in AD 910 when the Christian princes of Asturias along the northern coast of the peninsula shifted their capital from Oviedo to the city of León...
- Leonese languageLeonese languageThe Leonese language is the endonym term used to refer to all vernacular Romance dialects of the Astur-Leonese linguistic group in the Spanish provinces of León and Zamora; Astur-Leonese also includes the dialects...