Rheda, Germany
Encyclopedia
Rheda is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia
, a part of the municipality of Rheda-Wiedenbrück
in the Kreis
of Gütersloh
.
of the Manor
of Rheda.
The Lordship was created from the Freigericht (free court or free jurisdiction) of Rheda and the Vögterei (stewardship) over the abbeys of Liesborn
and Freckenhorst. On the death of the first Lord, Widukind of Rheda, in the Third Crusade
, the lordship was inherited by Bernhard II, Lord of Lippe. Bernhard's successor, Hermann II, moved the seat of his lordship to Rheda Castle.
On the death of Bernhard V without an heir in 1364, the Lordship of Rheda was seized by Bernhard's son-in-law, Otto V, Count of Tecklenburg, unlike the rest of the Lippian inheritance, which passed to Simon III, brother of Bernhard V; 130 years later, Tecklenburg reimbursed Lippe for this annexation with a payment of 7200 Rhenish gulden .
From the Tecklenburger annexation, the lordship followed the path of that county. In the course of the Napoleonic Wars
, the territory was annexed to the Napoleonic satellite
Grand Duchy of Berg
and was awarded to the Kingdom of Prussia
by the Congress of Vienna
, becoming part of the Prussian province of Westphalia
, where it remained beyond the German Revolution
and the abolition of the German monarchies in the aftermath of World War I
until the reorganisation of Germany under the Allied Occupation powers
, when it became a part of the newly-created state
of North Rhine-Westphalia
.
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
, a part of the municipality of Rheda-Wiedenbrück
Rheda-Wiedenbrück
Rheda-Wiedenbrück is a town in the district of Gütersloh, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Rheda-Wiedenbrück is located on the river Ems, approx. 10 km south-west of Gütersloh.-Neighbouring municipalities:* Oelde* Herzebrock-Clarholz...
in the Kreis
Districts of Germany
The districts of Germany are known as , except in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein where they are known simply as ....
of Gütersloh
Gütersloh (district)
Gütersloh is a Kreis in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Osnabrück, Herford, district-free Bielefeld, Lippe, Paderborn, Soest and Warendorf.-History:...
.
History
Rheda was first mentioned in documents from the year 1085, at the latest 1088. Rheda Castle was, from 1170 until 1807 or 1815, the manor houseManor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
of the Manor
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
of Rheda.
The Lordship was created from the Freigericht (free court or free jurisdiction) of Rheda and the Vögterei (stewardship) over the abbeys of Liesborn
Liesborn Abbey
Liesborn Abbey was a Benedictine monastery in Liesborn in what was originally the Dreingau. Liesborn is now a part of Wadersloh in the district of Warendorf in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-History:...
and Freckenhorst. On the death of the first Lord, Widukind of Rheda, in the Third Crusade
Third Crusade
The Third Crusade , also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin...
, the lordship was inherited by Bernhard II, Lord of Lippe. Bernhard's successor, Hermann II, moved the seat of his lordship to Rheda Castle.
On the death of Bernhard V without an heir in 1364, the Lordship of Rheda was seized by Bernhard's son-in-law, Otto V, Count of Tecklenburg, unlike the rest of the Lippian inheritance, which passed to Simon III, brother of Bernhard V; 130 years later, Tecklenburg reimbursed Lippe for this annexation with a payment of 7200 Rhenish gulden .
From the Tecklenburger annexation, the lordship followed the path of that county. In the course of the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
, the territory was annexed to the Napoleonic satellite
French client republic
During its occupation of neighboring parts of Europe during the French Revolutionary Wars, France established republican regimes in these territories...
Grand Duchy of Berg
Grand Duchy of Berg
The Grand Duchy of Berg was established by Napoleon Bonaparte after his victory at the 1805 Battle of Austerlitz on territories between the French Empire at the Rhine river and the Kingdom of Westphalia.-History:...
and was awarded to the Kingdom of Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
by the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
, becoming part of the Prussian province of Westphalia
Province of Westphalia
The Province of Westphalia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946.-History:Napoleon Bonaparte founded the Kingdom of Westphalia, which was a client state of the First French Empire from 1807 to 1813...
, where it remained beyond the German Revolution
German Revolution
The German Revolution was the politically-driven civil conflict in Germany at the end of World War I, which resulted in the replacement of Germany's imperial government with a republic...
and the abolition of the German monarchies in the aftermath of World War I
Aftermath of World War I
The fighting in World War I ended in western Europe when the Armistice took effect at 11:00 am GMT on November 11, 1918, and in eastern Europe by the early 1920s. During and in the aftermath of the war the political, cultural, and social order was drastically changed in Europe, Asia and Africa,...
until the reorganisation of Germany under the Allied Occupation powers
Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
The Allied powers who defeated Nazi Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during 1945–49. In the closing weeks of fighting in Europe, US forces had pushed beyond the previously agreed boundaries for the...
, when it became a part of the newly-created state
States of Germany
Germany is made up of sixteen which are partly sovereign constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Land literally translates as "country", and constitutionally speaking, they are constituent countries...
of North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
.