Raebareli
Encyclopedia
Raebareli is a city and a municipal board in the India
n state
of Uttar Pradesh
. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli District
.
The town is situated at the bank of the Sai River
, 82 km (51 mi) southeast of Lucknow
. It possesses many architectural features, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort erected in 1403. The fort was constructed of bricks 2 ft long by 1 ft (0.3048 m) thick and 1.5 ft (0.4572 m) wide (60 cm by 30 cm by 45 cm).
Among other ancient buildings are the magnificent palace and tomb of nawab
Jahan Khan, governor in the time of Shah Jahan
, and four fine mosque
s.The most important town within the district is Lalganj which is the proposed site for the Railway Coach Factory. The factory is already underway with construction activities in full swing and locals expect to gain economically from it. The factory is expected to generate over 10,000 jobs.
which is just 70 KM away. The district of Rae Bareli was created by the British in 1858, and is named after its headquarters town. Tradition has it that the town was founded by the Bhars and was known as Bharauli or Barauli. Over the course of time, the name was changed to Bareli. The prefix "Rae" represents "Rai" the common title of the Kayasths who were masters of the town for a considerable period of time,some famous Kayasths are Rai Saheb Naseerabad, Kali Sahay Saheb,Dr.Shankar Dayal etc. Raja Har Parshad, Kayasth, a native of this town from Naseerabad, was the Nazim or Commissioner of Khairabad Division during the reign of the ex-king. He joined the mutineers and went up to Naipal with Begum Hazrat Mahal of Oudh dynasty and On 31 December 1858 while returning back after leaving her safe, he was killed in a battle with British army. In the early 20th century, the town was an important center of trade, and Muslin
and Cotton weaving. Its population was 15,880 in 1901.
's son-in-law Feroze Gandhi
. After Feroze Gandhi's death in 1960, the constituency was won in 1967 by his wife Indira Gandhi
(daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru), who went on to become the first woman Prime Minister of India
. In 1977, after Indira Gandhi's election from Rae Bareli was revoked by Allahabad High Court
for using state machinery in the elections. She held on to the power by having the President of India declare a national emergency. After Indira's death in 1984, there was no one from the family to contest from here until the 2004 Parliament Elections, when Sonia Gandhi
, the widow of Indira's son, Rajiv
was elected as MP from Rae Bareli. In Uttar Pradesh State Assembly Elections, 2007, her daughter Priyanka Gandhi
, while not fighting elections herself, proved to be a powerful force in gaining large majorities for Congressmen in the area. In the 2009 elections Sonia again won from this seat.
Since 1967, when Indira Gandhi selected Rae Bareli as her constituency, Rae Bareli became the nucleus of Indian National Congress
and Indian Politics. Once in 1976, the cabinet meeting was held in Rae Bareli instead of state capital. The district became the pilgrimage of Congress workers and all the congress workers had a desire to come to this pilgrimage before every election. During this period Rae Bareli got bumper publicity in the national and International press.
In the capacity of the Prime Minister, she contested election from here in 1967, 1971 and in 1977 and as a member of opposition party she contested in 1980. In 1980 she contested from MEDAK (Andhra Pradesh
) also, and after winning from both the places, she left the Rae Bareli seat. Arun Nehru of Congress was elected in the by-elections.
, Rae Bareli had a population of 28,72,204. Males constitute 52% and females 48%.
and Awadhi are the widely spoken languages that are understood among its people along with English
. The official language is the state language Hindi
.
Hinduism
is followed by large number of the population. A significant part of the population of city consists of followers of Islam
, Sikhism
as well. Christians and Jains
constitute minority of the population.
, Uttar Pradesh Board, and Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
.
The purpose of garden is not merely to make it a place for growing flowers, fruits or vegetables but also an educational installation for scientists, research workers/ students and general public for awakening interest in plant life.It is d best place in Raebareli.
. An aqueduct has been constructed and the canal flows in the duct.
122 km from Lucknow on Lucknow-Varanasi highway. It was established in 1987 on a total area of about 799.371 hectare. Nearest railway station is Unchahar and the nearest airport is Fursatganj, Rae Bareli. The best period to visit is from November to March. More than 250 varieties of birds can be seen there. Some of the birds come here from a distance of 5000 km which include Greleg Googe, Pin Tail, Common Teel, Vision, Showler, Surkhab etc. Local birds include Comb Duck, Whistling Teel, Spot Bill, Spoon Bill, King Fisher, Vulture etc. Twelve varieties of fish are there in the lake at Samaspur.
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli District
Raebareli District
Raebareli District is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The town of Raebareli is the district headquarters. The district is part of Lucknow Division.-Raebareli District in 1911:...
.
The town is situated at the bank of the Sai River
Sâi River
The Sâi River is a tributary of the Danube in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971...
, 82 km (51 mi) southeast of Lucknow
Lucknow
Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
. It possesses many architectural features, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort erected in 1403. The fort was constructed of bricks 2 ft long by 1 ft (0.3048 m) thick and 1.5 ft (0.4572 m) wide (60 cm by 30 cm by 45 cm).
Among other ancient buildings are the magnificent palace and tomb of nawab
Nawab
A Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....
Jahan Khan, governor in the time of Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
, and four fine mosque
Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for followers of Islam. The word is likely to have entered the English language through French , from Portuguese , from Spanish , and from Berber , ultimately originating in — . The Arabic word masjid literally means a place of prostration...
s.The most important town within the district is Lalganj which is the proposed site for the Railway Coach Factory. The factory is already underway with construction activities in full swing and locals expect to gain economically from it. The factory is expected to generate over 10,000 jobs.
History
District Rae Bareli is located in the heart land of famous AWADH region which was the part ancient Koshala kingdom.This town has close proximity to present state capital LucknowLucknow
Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
which is just 70 KM away. The district of Rae Bareli was created by the British in 1858, and is named after its headquarters town. Tradition has it that the town was founded by the Bhars and was known as Bharauli or Barauli. Over the course of time, the name was changed to Bareli. The prefix "Rae" represents "Rai" the common title of the Kayasths who were masters of the town for a considerable period of time,some famous Kayasths are Rai Saheb Naseerabad, Kali Sahay Saheb,Dr.Shankar Dayal etc. Raja Har Parshad, Kayasth, a native of this town from Naseerabad, was the Nazim or Commissioner of Khairabad Division during the reign of the ex-king. He joined the mutineers and went up to Naipal with Begum Hazrat Mahal of Oudh dynasty and On 31 December 1858 while returning back after leaving her safe, he was killed in a battle with British army. In the early 20th century, the town was an important center of trade, and Muslin
Muslin
Muslin |sewing patterns]], such as for clothing, curtains, or upholstery. Because air moves easily through muslin, muslin clothing is suitable for hot, dry climates.- Etymology and history :...
and Cotton weaving. Its population was 15,880 in 1901.
Post Independence
The city and the district became famous as a political bastion of the Nehru-Gandhi Nationalist family. After independence, Rae Bareli constituency was won by Jawaharlal NehruJawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru , often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the...
's son-in-law Feroze Gandhi
Feroze Gandhi
Feroze Jehangir Gandhi was an Indian politician and journalist, and publisher of the The National Herald and The Navjivan newspapers from Lucknow....
. After Feroze Gandhi's death in 1960, the constituency was won in 1967 by his wife Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhara was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term . She was assassinated by Sikh extremists...
(daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru), who went on to become the first woman Prime Minister of India
Prime Minister of India
The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
. In 1977, after Indira Gandhi's election from Rae Bareli was revoked by Allahabad High Court
Allahabad High Court
The Allahabad High Court or the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad is a high court having jurisdiction over the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh since 1950...
for using state machinery in the elections. She held on to the power by having the President of India declare a national emergency. After Indira's death in 1984, there was no one from the family to contest from here until the 2004 Parliament Elections, when Sonia Gandhi
Sonia Gandhi
Sonia Gandhi is an Italian-born Indian politician and the President of the Indian National Congress, one of the major political parties of India. She is the widow of former Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi...
, the widow of Indira's son, Rajiv
Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Ratna Gandhi was the sixth Prime Minister of India . He took office after his mother's assassination on 31 October 1984; he himself was assassinated on 21 May 1991. He became the youngest Prime Minister of India when he took office at the age of 40.Rajiv Gandhi was the elder son of Indira...
was elected as MP from Rae Bareli. In Uttar Pradesh State Assembly Elections, 2007, her daughter Priyanka Gandhi
Priyanka Gandhi
Priyanka Vadra , is an Indian politician. She is the granddaughter of Feroze Gandhi and Indira Gandhi, and belongs tothe Nehru-Gandhi family.-Early life:...
, while not fighting elections herself, proved to be a powerful force in gaining large majorities for Congressmen in the area. In the 2009 elections Sonia again won from this seat.
Since 1967, when Indira Gandhi selected Rae Bareli as her constituency, Rae Bareli became the nucleus of Indian National Congress
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...
and Indian Politics. Once in 1976, the cabinet meeting was held in Rae Bareli instead of state capital. The district became the pilgrimage of Congress workers and all the congress workers had a desire to come to this pilgrimage before every election. During this period Rae Bareli got bumper publicity in the national and International press.
In the capacity of the Prime Minister, she contested election from here in 1967, 1971 and in 1977 and as a member of opposition party she contested in 1980. In 1980 she contested from MEDAK (Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...
) also, and after winning from both the places, she left the Rae Bareli seat. Arun Nehru of Congress was elected in the by-elections.
Demographics
As of 2001 India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Rae Bareli had a population of 28,72,204. Males constitute 52% and females 48%.
Climate
Rae Bareli has a warm subtropical climate with very cold and dry winters from December to Mid February and dry, hot summers from April to Mid June. The rainy season is from mid-June to mid-September, when it gets an average rainfall of 1200 mm mostly from the south-west monsoon winds. During extreme winter the maximum temperature is around 12 degrees Celsius and the minimum is in the 3 to 4 degrees Celsius range. Fog is quite common from late December to late January. Summers can be quite hot with temperatures rising to the 40 to 45 degree Celsius range.Language and religion
HindiHindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
and Awadhi are the widely spoken languages that are understood among its people along with English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
. The official language is the state language Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
.
Hinduism
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
is followed by large number of the population. A significant part of the population of city consists of followers of Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
, Sikhism
Sikhism
Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded during the 15th century in the Punjab region, by Guru Nanak Dev and continued to progress with ten successive Sikh Gurus . It is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world and one of the fastest-growing...
as well. Christians and Jains
Jainism
Jainism is an Indian religion that prescribes a path of non-violence towards all living beings. Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation. Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state...
constitute minority of the population.
ITI Limited
Rae Bareli has the first Public Sector Undertaking - Indian Telephone Industry (ITI Limited). It is one of the six manufacturing plants of the Telecom giant. For the fourth successive year ITI has retained top position in country's tele-communication turnkey business.More than 50% equipment of India's tele-communication network has been supplied by ITI.Other industries
- Indian Telephone Industries LimitedIndian Telephone Industries LimitedIndian Telephone Industries Limited is a state-owned manufacturer of telecommunications equipment in India. It was founded in 1948, and today has six manufacturing facilities which produce a range of...
- Birla CementBirla CorporationBirla Corporation Limited, popularly known as Birla Corp is an Indian company based in Kolkata. It is the flagship company of the M P Birla group of companies....
Factory (Estd. 1997) - National Thermal Power CorporationNational Thermal Power CorporationNTPC Limited is the largest Indian state-owned energy service provider based in New Delhi, India. It is listed in Forbes Global 2000 for 2010 ranked it 341st in the world...
- Hindustan Bioenergy Limited
- Indian Rail Coach Factory(Proposed)
- Shree Bhawani Paper mill(Estd. 1983)
- Indira Gandhi Canal Project (Dalmau)
- Indo Gulf FertilisersIndo Gulf FertilisersIndo Gulf Fertilisers is an Indian company which unit of Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd based in Mumbai . and is part of the Aditya Birla Group of companies. It is among the largest private sector fertiliser companies in India....
- Sheena industries
- Visaka Industries
- RaeBareli textile Mill
- State spinning Mill
- UP State sugar factory, Munshiganj
- Amkap marketing Pvt. Ltd.
- National Power Grid
- Shriram Scientific Traders
- Shreya Seeds
- Khubele Enterprises Private limited
- Techno Plastic
- National Dairy NDDB
- Galaxzee Carpets
Education
Rae Bareli has a great exposure of industry and business. People of Raebareli see education as a priority and give due importance to it. This has resulted in the establishment of some quality educational institutions affiliated to Central Board of Secondary EducationCentral Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education is a Board of Education for public and private schools, under the Union Government of India.-History:...
, Uttar Pradesh Board, and Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education or ICSE examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of school education in India, for class 10, i.e., grade 10...
.
Schools
Other than primary schools, Rae Bareli has a bunch of notable secondary and senior secondary schools:- Government Inter College (GIC)
- Government Girls Inter College (GGIC)
- Gopal Sarswati Vidya Mandir Inter College(GSVMIC)
- Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
- S.J.S Public School
- Kendriya Vidyalaya
- Shubhasheesh Vidya Mandir
- St. Peter's school
- Dayawati Modi Public School (DMPS)
- Lotus Valley Convent School (LVC)
- Ryan International
- Mahatma Gandhi Inter College (MGIC)
- Bal Vidya Mandir
- Dayanand Anglo Vidyalaya(D.A.V)
- Maharishi Vidya Mandir
- Urmila Inter College
- Wasi Naqvi National Inter College
- J.P.S.Public School
- Lucknow Public School(L.P.S)
- Acharya Dwivedi Inter College
- Vadik Bal Mandir Inter College
- New Standard Public School
- Mother Teresa Inter College
- K.D.Malviya Vidya Mandir
- Santi Neketan vidya Peetha
- BSS Public School
Colleges
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology(RGIPT)
- Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Udan Academy
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)
- National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT)
- Footwear Design & Development Institute
- Feroz Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Indira Gandhi Government Girls Inter College
- Bhim Rao Ambedkar Government Degree College
- Feroz Gandhi Polytechnic
- Feroz Gandhi Degree College
- Dayanand Degree College
- Indra Gandhi Rajkiya Mahila Degree College
- Sanskrit Degree College
- Kamla Nehru Post Graduate College
- Indian Training Institute
- Swami Satyamitranand Degree College
- Adharshila College of Professional Courses (Faculty of Law)
- Baiswara Post Graduate College
- Pankaj Maheshwari Smriti Mahavidyalaya,Jais
- Mahaveer Institute of Technology
- Shubhasheesh Shiksha Avam Vikas Sewa Sansthan (www.shubhasheesh.com)(For Mentally Challenged Pehhrson, as a group of parents, guardians and other enlightened members of society fully devoted with missionary zeal to the cause of welfare of mentally challenged children with Mental retardation, cerebral palsy, autism and multiple disabilities)
Information technology
NIC Rae Bareli district unit was established in 1988, with an aim to provide relentless information informatics services to the district administration in planning and development. Ever since, the NIC center has been helping the authorities by providing the necessary IT support in various important projects being run in the district.Indira Gandhi Memorial Botanical Garden
Indira Gandhi Memorial Botanical Garden was established in the year 1986 in order to restore the ecological balance. The garden is situated on the left side of Lucknow-Varanasi highway and on the northern bank of Sai river.The purpose of garden is not merely to make it a place for growing flowers, fruits or vegetables but also an educational installation for scientists, research workers/ students and general public for awakening interest in plant life.It is d best place in Raebareli.
Behta Bridge
Behta bridge is situated at the outskirts of the Rae Bareli city. The important feature of this bridge is that at this place Sharda canal crosses the Sai riverSâi River
The Sâi River is a tributary of the Danube in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971...
. An aqueduct has been constructed and the canal flows in the duct.
Samaspur Bird Sanctuary
Samaspur Bird Sanctuary is situated in Rohaniya Development block of the district, about122 km from Lucknow on Lucknow-Varanasi highway. It was established in 1987 on a total area of about 799.371 hectare. Nearest railway station is Unchahar and the nearest airport is Fursatganj, Rae Bareli. The best period to visit is from November to March. More than 250 varieties of birds can be seen there. Some of the birds come here from a distance of 5000 km which include Greleg Googe, Pin Tail, Common Teel, Vision, Showler, Surkhab etc. Local birds include Comb Duck, Whistling Teel, Spot Bill, Spoon Bill, King Fisher, Vulture etc. Twelve varieties of fish are there in the lake at Samaspur.