Prussian T 13
Encyclopedia
The Prussian T 13 was a series of tank locomotive
s built in large numbers for the various German state railways, notably the Prussian state railways
, and the Deutsche Reichsbahn
during the early part of the 20th century.
, the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
and the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways
were goods train, tank locomotives with an 0-8-0T wheel arrangement. They were primarily employing on shunting
duties. Between 1910 and 1916 a total of 512 were built by various manufacturers for the Prussian state railways. As a result of heavy losses after the First World War, another 72 were ordered by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and 12 by the Saar Railways which were delivered in 1921 and 1922. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine also had 60 T 13s and Oldenburg had ten of this class.
They were incorporated in 1925 into the DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
as DRG Class 92.5–10 and given operating numbers 92 501–913 and 92 1001–1072. Of these, numbers 92 585–588, 92 606, 92 607, 92 910–913 were locomotives that originated in the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways and 92 732–738 from the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine.
In 1935, locomotives 92 919–950 were transferred from the Saar Railways to the Deutsche Reichsbahn. In 1943 they were joined by a further five locomotives from the Zschipkau-Finsterwald Railway Company with numbers 92 991–995. During the Second World War, numbers 92 951–990 and 996 from Poland
and 92 1101–1112 from Czechoslovakia
were added. The Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) took over in 1950 locomotives 92 6401 and 92 6501–6504 from private railways. Numbers 92 6502–6504 were T 13s that had been procured directly by the Brandenburg Städtebahn.
The Deutsche Bundesbahn
retired the last engine in 1965 at Kassel
locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk or Bw]]; the Reichsbahn followed suit in 1968.
Four representatives of the D-h2t Class 92.10 remained in Austria
after the Second World War. These were numbers 92 1052, 1055, 1063 and 1068. The ÖBB retained their serial numbers but grouped them into ÖBB Class 792. All the engines in this class had been retired by 1962.
The Saar Railways, too, procured five T 13.1s in 1922 from Krauss in Munich
, which were however somewhat different. Amongst other things, they had a differently designed driver's cab and additional equipment on top of the boilers. They were numbered by the Reichsbahn as 92 414–418.
Other former private railway locomotives, that were numbered as 92 421, 92 431–437 and 92 441 and 442 by the Reichsbahn were not Prussian T 13.1s.
The engines remaining in the western zones of occupation
after the Second World War were sold by 1948 to private railways.
in Erfurt
developed this design with a split locomotive frame
in order to achieve better curve running qualities. In the main frame were located the two front driving axles, whilst the rear two, were housed in a swivelling frame and driven via a specially developed arrangement of levers by the front axles. The Hagans T 13 was built as a smaller version of the Prussian T 15 by the firm of Henschel from 1899to 1902. It was delivered to the railway divisions of Erfurt, Saarbrücken
, Magdeburg
and Frankfurt am Main. Unfortunately its complicated construction proved to be very maintenance-intensive, which had a negative impact on its economy. As a result the locomotives were retired as early as 1923. Two similar engines had been supplied by Henschel to the Baden state railways as the Class VIII d.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn grouped five of these locomotives into its 1923 renumbering plan as 92 501–505, but in 1925 they were no longer in service.
tank engines that were taken over on 1 January 1913 along with the Bergheimer Kreisbahn and Mödrath-Liblar-Brühler railway west of the Rhine. This handful of B'B n4vt engines was acquired by the Royal Prussian Railway Division of Cöln (Cologne
) and they were numbered as Cöln 7946–7950. They were the only Mallet tank locomotives in Prussia. At the same time several locomotives of the Hohenzollern version were delivered to the Filderbahn and Moselbahn. The Cologne engines were retired in 1920/21.
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
s built in large numbers for the various German state railways, notably the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
, and the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
The Deutsche Reichsbahn – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual states of the German Empire following the end of World War I....
during the early part of the 20th century.
T 13
The physically identical T 13 locomotives of the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
, the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine were the first railways owned by the German Empire.They emerged in 1871, after France had ceded the region of Alsace-Lorraine to the German Empire under the terms of the peace treaty following the Franco-Prussian War...
and the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways
The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Railway was the railway company that was run as a state railway for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg , part of the German Empire....
were goods train, tank locomotives with an 0-8-0T wheel arrangement. They were primarily employing on shunting
Shunting
Shunting is an event in the neuron which occurs when an excitatory postsynaptic potential and an inhibitory postsynaptic potential are occurring close to each other on a dendrite, or are both on the soma of the cell....
duties. Between 1910 and 1916 a total of 512 were built by various manufacturers for the Prussian state railways. As a result of heavy losses after the First World War, another 72 were ordered by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and 12 by the Saar Railways which were delivered in 1921 and 1922. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine also had 60 T 13s and Oldenburg had ten of this class.
They were incorporated in 1925 into the DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
In 1922 the Deutsche Reichsbahn began to develop a renumbering plan to standardize the numbering of steam locomotives that had been taken over from the state railways . Its basis was the corresponding DRG classification system....
as DRG Class 92.5–10 and given operating numbers 92 501–913 and 92 1001–1072. Of these, numbers 92 585–588, 92 606, 92 607, 92 910–913 were locomotives that originated in the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways and 92 732–738 from the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine.
In 1935, locomotives 92 919–950 were transferred from the Saar Railways to the Deutsche Reichsbahn. In 1943 they were joined by a further five locomotives from the Zschipkau-Finsterwald Railway Company with numbers 92 991–995. During the Second World War, numbers 92 951–990 and 996 from Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
and 92 1101–1112 from Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
were added. The Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) took over in 1950 locomotives 92 6401 and 92 6501–6504 from private railways. Numbers 92 6502–6504 were T 13s that had been procured directly by the Brandenburg Städtebahn.
The Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft '...
retired the last engine in 1965 at Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk or Bw]]; the Reichsbahn followed suit in 1968.
Four representatives of the D-h2t Class 92.10 remained in Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
after the Second World War. These were numbers 92 1052, 1055, 1063 and 1068. The ÖBB retained their serial numbers but grouped them into ÖBB Class 792. All the engines in this class had been retired by 1962.
T 13.1
In the early 1920s, the newly founded Reichsbahn ordered 13 of the proven T 13 engines in a superheated variant, the T 13.1, for the Oldenburg division (the former Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways) and Altona division. They were goods train, tank locomotives with a 0-8-0T wheel arrangement and were subsequently incorporated into the Deutsche Reichsbahn's renumbering plan as DRG Class 92.4 with operating numbers 92 401–413.The Saar Railways, too, procured five T 13.1s in 1922 from Krauss in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, which were however somewhat different. Amongst other things, they had a differently designed driver's cab and additional equipment on top of the boilers. They were numbered by the Reichsbahn as 92 414–418.
Other former private railway locomotives, that were numbered as 92 421, 92 431–437 and 92 441 and 442 by the Reichsbahn were not Prussian T 13.1s.
The engines remaining in the western zones of occupation
Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
The Allied powers who defeated Nazi Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during 1945–49. In the closing weeks of fighting in Europe, US forces had pushed beyond the previously agreed boundaries for the...
after the Second World War were sold by 1948 to private railways.
T 13 Hagans variant
The T 13 Hagans Variant built for the Prussian state railways was also a goods train, tank engine, with an 0-8-0T wheel arrangement, but had Hagans driving gear. The firm of HagansMaschinenfabrik Christian Hagans
Maschinenfabrik Christian Hagans was a German locomotive manufacturer founded on 1 July 1857 in Erfurt, Germany, by Christian Hagans....
in Erfurt
Erfurt
Erfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nuremberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
developed this design with a split locomotive frame
Locomotive frame
A locomotive frame is the structure that forms the backbone of the railway locomotive, giving it strength and supporting the superstructure elements such as a cab, boiler or bodywork. The vast majority of locomotives have had a frame structure of some kind...
in order to achieve better curve running qualities. In the main frame were located the two front driving axles, whilst the rear two, were housed in a swivelling frame and driven via a specially developed arrangement of levers by the front axles. The Hagans T 13 was built as a smaller version of the Prussian T 15 by the firm of Henschel from 1899to 1902. It was delivered to the railway divisions of Erfurt, Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. The city is situated at the heart of a metropolitan area that borders on the west on Dillingen and to the north-east on Neunkirchen, where most of the people of the Saarland live....
, Magdeburg
Magdeburg
Magdeburg , is the largest city and the capital city of the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Magdeburg is situated on the Elbe River and was one of the most important medieval cities of Europe....
and Frankfurt am Main. Unfortunately its complicated construction proved to be very maintenance-intensive, which had a negative impact on its economy. As a result the locomotives were retired as early as 1923. Two similar engines had been supplied by Henschel to the Baden state railways as the Class VIII d.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn grouped five of these locomotives into its 1923 renumbering plan as 92 501–505, but in 1925 they were no longer in service.
T 13 Mallet variant
Within the T 13 class of locomotives were also the five MalletMallet locomotive
The Mallet Locomotive is a type of articulated locomotive, invented by a Swiss engineer named Anatole Mallet ....
tank engines that were taken over on 1 January 1913 along with the Bergheimer Kreisbahn and Mödrath-Liblar-Brühler railway west of the Rhine. This handful of B'B n4vt engines was acquired by the Royal Prussian Railway Division of Cöln (Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
) and they were numbered as Cöln 7946–7950. They were the only Mallet tank locomotives in Prussia. At the same time several locomotives of the Hohenzollern version were delivered to the Filderbahn and Moselbahn. The Cologne engines were retired in 1920/21.
See also
- List of DRG locomotives and railbuses
- List of Prussian locomotives and railbuses
- List of preserved steam locomotives in Germany
Sources
- Länderbahn-Dampf-Lokomotiven. Band 1: Preußen, Mecklenburg, Oldenburg, Sachsen und Elsaß-Lothringen, Lothar Spielhoff, Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN = 3-440-06145-0, pp 85, 135–136
External links
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany