Olalla (short story)
Encyclopedia
"Olalla" is a short story
by the Scottish
novelist, poet, essayist and travel writer
Robert Louis Stevenson
. It was first published in Christmas 1885 issue of The Court and Society Review
, then re-published in 1887 as part of the collection The Merry Men and Other Tales and Fables. It is set in Spain
during the peninsular war.
The story is told in first person by a nameless English soldier. He is recovering from his wounds in a Spanish hospital, where his doctor suggests he take up temporary residence with a local family. The once-noble family consists of a mother, a son (Felipe) and a daughter (Olalla). The Englishman is welcomed by the son and begins to develop a casual friendliness with the mother. Both are described as "stupid" and "slothful" but the narrator emphasises the simple pleasure of their company.
Some time passes without sight of Olalla and when she finally appears, our hero falls desperately in love with her, and she with him. He recognises an extraordinary intellect in the girl and expresses a desire to take her away from the decaying home of her kinsmen. They profess their love for one another, but Olalla urges the Englishman to leave at once, keeping her always in his memory. He refuses and during the night, he breaks his window trying distractedly to open it. The shattering glass cuts his wrist and he applies to Olalla's mother for help. At the sight of his wound, she leaps upon him and bites into his arm. Felipe arrives in time to wrestle his mother away from our hero and Olalla tends to his injuries.
He leaves the residencia very shortly thereafter, but lingers in the nearby town. He is sitting on a hill beside an effigy of the crucified
Christ when he meets Olalla for the last time. She tells him, "We are all such as He," and states that there is a "spark of the divine" in all human beings. "Like Him," she says, "we must endure for a little while, until morning returns bringing peace." At this, the narrator departs, looking back but once to see Olalla at the foot of the cross.
. There is a once-proud family of failing nobility, a lonely home in a mountain setting and a preoccupation with death and decay. Stevenson also focuses on the subject of heredity, demonstrated by a family portrait to which Olalla bears an uncanny resemblance. This was a very popular Gothic device, famously employed by Sheridan Le Fanu
in his short story "Carmilla
" and by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in the Sherlock Holmes
novel The Hound of the Baskervilles
.
Most significantly, the story shares a similarity with the popular vampire
lore of the Victorian era
. Olalla's family have symbolically "impure" blood due to centuries of inbreeding
brought on by the exclusive nature of the nobility. By attacking the Englishman and drinking his blood, Olalla's mother is seeking a more "pure" source of blood in the hope of rejuvenating her weakening lineage.
Short story
A short story is a work of fiction that is usually written in prose, often in narrative format. This format tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas and novels. Short story definitions based on length differ somewhat, even among professional writers, in part because...
by the Scottish
Scottish people
The Scottish people , or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Picts and Gaels, incorporating neighbouring Britons to the south as well as invading Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse.In modern use,...
novelist, poet, essayist and travel writer
Travel writing
Travel writing is a genre that has, as its focus, accounts of real or imaginary places. The genre encompasses a number of styles that may range from the documentary to the evocative, from literary to journalistic, and from the humorous to the serious....
Robert Louis Stevenson
Robert Louis Stevenson
Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist and travel writer. His best-known books include Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde....
. It was first published in Christmas 1885 issue of The Court and Society Review
The Court and Society Review
The Court and Society Review was a British literary magazine published between 1885 and 1888.Founded in July 1885 as The Court and Society Journal, the magazine changed its name to The Court and Society Review with its 1 October 1885 edition...
, then re-published in 1887 as part of the collection The Merry Men and Other Tales and Fables. It is set in Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
during the peninsular war.
The story is told in first person by a nameless English soldier. He is recovering from his wounds in a Spanish hospital, where his doctor suggests he take up temporary residence with a local family. The once-noble family consists of a mother, a son (Felipe) and a daughter (Olalla). The Englishman is welcomed by the son and begins to develop a casual friendliness with the mother. Both are described as "stupid" and "slothful" but the narrator emphasises the simple pleasure of their company.
Some time passes without sight of Olalla and when she finally appears, our hero falls desperately in love with her, and she with him. He recognises an extraordinary intellect in the girl and expresses a desire to take her away from the decaying home of her kinsmen. They profess their love for one another, but Olalla urges the Englishman to leave at once, keeping her always in his memory. He refuses and during the night, he breaks his window trying distractedly to open it. The shattering glass cuts his wrist and he applies to Olalla's mother for help. At the sight of his wound, she leaps upon him and bites into his arm. Felipe arrives in time to wrestle his mother away from our hero and Olalla tends to his injuries.
He leaves the residencia very shortly thereafter, but lingers in the nearby town. He is sitting on a hill beside an effigy of the crucified
Crucifixion
Crucifixion is an ancient method of painful execution in which the condemned person is tied or nailed to a large wooden cross and left to hang until dead...
Christ when he meets Olalla for the last time. She tells him, "We are all such as He," and states that there is a "spark of the divine" in all human beings. "Like Him," she says, "we must endure for a little while, until morning returns bringing peace." At this, the narrator departs, looking back but once to see Olalla at the foot of the cross.
Gothic tradition
"Olalla" contains many of the trademark elements of Gothic fictionGothic fiction
Gothic fiction, sometimes referred to as Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. Gothicism's origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto, subtitled "A Gothic Story"...
. There is a once-proud family of failing nobility, a lonely home in a mountain setting and a preoccupation with death and decay. Stevenson also focuses on the subject of heredity, demonstrated by a family portrait to which Olalla bears an uncanny resemblance. This was a very popular Gothic device, famously employed by Sheridan Le Fanu
Sheridan Le Fanu
Joseph Thomas Sheridan Le Fanu was an Irish writer of Gothic tales and mystery novels. He was the leading ghost-story writer of the nineteenth century and was central to the development of the genre in the Victorian era....
in his short story "Carmilla
Carmilla
Carmilla is a Gothic novella by Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu. First published in 1872, it tells the story of a young woman's susceptibility to the attentions of a female vampire named Carmilla...
" and by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in the Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The fantastic London-based "consulting detective", Holmes is famous for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to take almost any disguise, and his use of forensic science skills to solve...
novel The Hound of the Baskervilles
The Hound of the Baskervilles
The Hound of the Baskervilles is the third of four crime novels by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle featuring the detective Sherlock Holmes. Originally serialised in The Strand Magazine from August 1901 to April 1902, it is set largely on Dartmoor in Devon in England's West Country and tells the story of an...
.
Most significantly, the story shares a similarity with the popular vampire
Vampire
Vampires are mythological or folkloric beings who subsist by feeding on the life essence of living creatures, regardless of whether they are undead or a living person...
lore of the Victorian era
Victorian era
The Victorian era of British history was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of peace, prosperity, refined sensibilities and national self-confidence...
. Olalla's family have symbolically "impure" blood due to centuries of inbreeding
Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the reproduction from the mating of two genetically related parents. Inbreeding results in increased homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased fitness of a population, which is...
brought on by the exclusive nature of the nobility. By attacking the Englishman and drinking his blood, Olalla's mother is seeking a more "pure" source of blood in the hope of rejuvenating her weakening lineage.