Obernburg
Encyclopedia
Obernburg am Main is a town in the Miltenberg district
in the Regierungsbezirk
of Lower Franconia
(Unterfranken) in Bavaria
, Germany
.
(range).
built the Obernburg Castrum
, in the local speech also known as Nemaninga. Obernburg’s Old Town still somewhat corresponds the castrum’s grounds. In the Alamanni
c Storm (invasion) in 259 and 260, the castrum foundered, but was further settled later on.
The castrum was the garrison of the Cohors IIII Aquitanorum equitata. The stone fort, with an area of 2.9 ha and a nearly rectangular ground plan of roughly 185/188 × 160 m was oriented to the river Main. A beneficiarii station has been shown to have existed on the Limes road south of the fort, from which numerous dedication stones have been secured, which are to be exhibited in a newly established museum.
On 25 March 1313, Obernburg was raised to town by Archbishop of Mainz Peter of Aspelt
. The confirmation of town rights by Louis the Bavarian
came on 27 July 1317 in a document issued in Aschaffenburg
.
Until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803, Obernburg belonged to Electoral Mainz
. Thereafter it belonged to the newly formed Principality of Aschaffenburg
, with which it passed in 1814 (by this time it had become a department of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt) to Bavaria. Until 1 July 1972, Obernburg was the seat of a like-named district. This was abolished in the course of municipal reform. On 1 May 1978, the neighbouring municipality of Eisenbach was amalgamated with Obernburg.
), the Eisenbach primary school and the Main-Limes-Realschule
. Vocational training schools are the Staatliche Berufsschule
Miltenberg-Obernburg, the Berufsfachschule für Kaufmännische Assistenten (for sales assistants) and the Staatliche Fachoberschule und Berufsoberschule Obernburg. Furthermore there are the municipal music school and the Dr.-Albert-Liebmann-Schule in Obernburg.
hall and courts, a ninepin bowling alley
, the Town of Obernburg sporting grounds at the school and sport centre, those of the Olympia gymnastic and sport club in the outlying centre of Eisenbach and the riding facility at the Neustädter Hof.
The sport club TUSPO Obernburg is above all known for its team handball
department in the Men’s Second Handball Bundesliga.
church.
, which reaches from County Kerry
in Ireland
to İstanbul
in Turkey
.
might be described thus: Argent on a mount vert a buck attired statant gules, in his mouth a bunch of grapes Or stalked of the second, in sinister a demi-tree of the second.
The town once bore different arms showing the Wheel of Mainz
, but this charge
was dropped when the town became part of Bavaria in 1814. The new arms were introduced on the Mayor’s Medal in 1819. It has appeared in all official seals ever since.
.
On the other side of the Main is found a further industrial area called the Industrie Center Obernburg (ICO). There, in line with tradition, various kinds of chemical fibres are produced. Moreover, the industrial park is home to many other, smaller businesses in various fields. Although the industrial park bears the name Obernburg, and this is also the postal address, it lies exclusively within the communities of Erlenbach am Main and Elsenfeld.
Miltenberg (district)
Miltenberg is an administrative district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the city of Aschaffenburg, the districts of Aschaffenburg and Main-Spessart, and the states of Baden-Württemberg and Hesse .-History:During the Middle Ages there was continuous...
in the Regierungsbezirk
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
of Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia is one of the three administrative regions of Franconia in Bavaria , Germany ....
(Unterfranken) in Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.
Location
Obernburg lies at the mouth of the river Mömling, where it empties into the Main, at the foot of the OdenwaldOdenwald
The Odenwald is a low mountain range in Hesse, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg in Germany.- Location :The Odenwald lies between the Upper Rhine Rift Valley with the Bergstraße and the Hessisches Ried in the west, the Main and the Bauland in the east, the Hanau-Seligenstadt Basin – a subbasin of...
(range).
History
Between 83 and 85, the RomansAncient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
built the Obernburg Castrum
Castra
The Latin word castra, with its singular castrum, was used by the ancient Romans to mean buildings or plots of land reserved to or constructed for use as a military defensive position. The word appears in both Oscan and Umbrian as well as in Latin. It may have descended from Indo-European to Italic...
, in the local speech also known as Nemaninga. Obernburg’s Old Town still somewhat corresponds the castrum’s grounds. In the Alamanni
Alamanni
The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were originally an alliance of Germanic tribes located around the upper Rhine river . One of the earliest references to them is the cognomen Alamannicus assumed by Roman Emperor Caracalla, who ruled the Roman Empire from 211 to 217 and claimed thereby to be...
c Storm (invasion) in 259 and 260, the castrum foundered, but was further settled later on.
The castrum was the garrison of the Cohors IIII Aquitanorum equitata. The stone fort, with an area of 2.9 ha and a nearly rectangular ground plan of roughly 185/188 × 160 m was oriented to the river Main. A beneficiarii station has been shown to have existed on the Limes road south of the fort, from which numerous dedication stones have been secured, which are to be exhibited in a newly established museum.
On 25 March 1313, Obernburg was raised to town by Archbishop of Mainz Peter of Aspelt
Peter of Aspelt
Peter Aspelt was Archbishop of Mainz from 1306 to 1320, and an influential political figure of the period. He brought the archbishopric to its peak of power....
. The confirmation of town rights by Louis the Bavarian
Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328....
came on 27 July 1317 in a document issued in Aschaffenburg
Aschaffenburg
Aschaffenburg is a city in northwest Bavaria, Germany. The town of Aschaffenburg is not considered part of the district of Aschaffenburg, but is the administrative seat.Aschaffenburg is known as the Tor zum Spessart or "gate to the Spessart"...
.
Until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803, Obernburg belonged to Electoral Mainz
Archbishopric of Mainz
The Archbishopric of Mainz or Electorate of Mainz was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince-bishopric in the Holy Roman Empire between 780–82 and 1802. In the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy, the Archbishop of Mainz was the primas Germaniae, the substitute of the Pope north of the Alps...
. Thereafter it belonged to the newly formed Principality of Aschaffenburg
Principality of Aschaffenburg
The Principality of Aschaffenburg was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the Confederation of the Rhine from 1803–10. Its capital was Aschaffenburg....
, with which it passed in 1814 (by this time it had become a department of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt) to Bavaria. Until 1 July 1972, Obernburg was the seat of a like-named district. This was abolished in the course of municipal reform. On 1 May 1978, the neighbouring municipality of Eisenbach was amalgamated with Obernburg.
State institutions
The Obernburg District Court (Amtsgericht Obernburg) is the court holding jurisdiction over the Miltenberg district.Educational institutions
Schools of general education (Allgemeinbildende Schulen) in Obernburg are the Johannes-Obernburger-Volksschule (primary school and HauptschuleHauptschule
A Hauptschule is a secondary school in Germany and Austria, starting after 4 years of elementary schooling, which offers Lower Secondary Education according to the International Standard Classification of Education...
), the Eisenbach primary school and the Main-Limes-Realschule
Realschule
The Realschule is a type of secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia , Denmark , Sweden , Hungary and in the Russian Empire .-History:The Realschule was an outgrowth of the rationalism and empiricism of the seventeenth and...
. Vocational training schools are the Staatliche Berufsschule
Vocational school
A vocational school , providing vocational education, is a school in which students are taught the skills needed to perform a particular job...
Miltenberg-Obernburg, the Berufsfachschule für Kaufmännische Assistenten (for sales assistants) and the Staatliche Fachoberschule und Berufsoberschule Obernburg. Furthermore there are the municipal music school and the Dr.-Albert-Liebmann-Schule in Obernburg.
Offices
In Obernburg there are a branch office of the Miltenberg district head’s office (Landratsamtes), the Obernburg Financial Office responsible for the district and a branch office of the Aschaffenburg Employment Office.Sport and leisure
There are many sport facilities: the Valentin-Ballmann-Halle, the Eisenbach Sport and Cultural Hall, a tennisTennis
Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players each . Each player uses a racket that is strung to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society at all...
hall and courts, a ninepin bowling alley
Nine-pin bowling
Nine-pin bowling is a bowling game played primarily in Europe. European championships are held each year. Over 90,000 members are on teams in Germany, often playing in officially registered Bundeskegelbahnen to be found in almost every sizable town...
, the Town of Obernburg sporting grounds at the school and sport centre, those of the Olympia gymnastic and sport club in the outlying centre of Eisenbach and the riding facility at the Neustädter Hof.
The sport club TUSPO Obernburg is above all known for its team handball
Team handball
Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team...
department in the Men’s Second Handball Bundesliga.
Buildings
Worth seeing are the remnants of the town fortifications, particularly the Upper Gate (Oberes Tor), the Alms Tower (Almosenturm) and the Round Tower (Runder Turm). Also worth a visit are the Town Hall, the Annakapelle (chapel) and in Eisenbach the BaroqueBaroque architecture
Baroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
church.
Museums
The Römermuseum (“Roman Museum”) gives itself over to the traces of Roman settlement in Obernburg and the surrounding area. The Eisenbacher Heimatmuseum (local history) is housed in the outlying centre’s former New Town Hall.Hiking paths
Since 1990, Obernburg has lain on the Fränkischer Rotwein Wanderweg (“Franconian Red Wine Hiking Trail”). Through Obernburg runs European walking route E8European walking route E8
The E8 European long distance path or E8 path is one of the European long-distance paths, leading 4700km across Europe, from Cork in Ireland to Istanbul in Turkey....
, which reaches from County Kerry
County Kerry
Kerry means the "people of Ciar" which was the name of the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in part of the present county. The legendary founder of the tribe was Ciar, son of Fergus mac Róich. In Old Irish "Ciar" meant black or dark brown, and the word continues in use in modern Irish as an adjective...
in Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
to İstanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
.
Regular events
- In July, the Mirabellenfest (“Mirabelle PlumMirabelle plumThe mirabelle plum, also known as the mirabelle prune , is the edible drupaceous fruit of the mirabelle prune tree, a cultivar of the plum tree of the genus Prunus...
Festival”) is celebrated in Eisenbach. - Since 1989 the Obernburger Mühlstein (“Obernburg Millstone”), a prize for new blood in cabaret, has been regularly awarded in Obernburg.
Coat of arms
The town’s armsCoat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
might be described thus: Argent on a mount vert a buck attired statant gules, in his mouth a bunch of grapes Or stalked of the second, in sinister a demi-tree of the second.
The town once bore different arms showing the Wheel of Mainz
Wheel of Mainz
thumb|150px|version until 1992thumb|150px|version from 1992 - 2008thumb|150px|version from 2008The Wheel of Mainz or Mainzer Rad, in German, was the coat of arms of the Archbishopric of Mainz and thus also of the Electorate of Mainz , in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It consists of a silver wheel...
, but this charge
Charge (heraldry)
In heraldry, a charge is any emblem or device occupying the field of an escutcheon . This may be a geometric design or a symbolic representation of a person, animal, plant, object or other device...
was dropped when the town became part of Bavaria in 1814. The new arms were introduced on the Mayor’s Medal in 1819. It has appeared in all official seals ever since.
Industry
Obernburg’s industrial area lies near the outlying centre of Eisenbach in the town’s south. The biggest concern here is the firm Reis RoboticsReis Robotics
Reis Robotics is a leading technology company for robotics and system integration. Their robotic automation solutions are used by all major application fields such as solar energy, foundry and welding. The Reis Robotics group comprises three German subsidiaries and eight international subsidiaries...
.
On the other side of the Main is found a further industrial area called the Industrie Center Obernburg (ICO). There, in line with tradition, various kinds of chemical fibres are produced. Moreover, the industrial park is home to many other, smaller businesses in various fields. Although the industrial park bears the name Obernburg, and this is also the postal address, it lies exclusively within the communities of Erlenbach am Main and Elsenfeld.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Adam LuxAdam LuxAdam Lux was a German revolutionary and sympathiser of the French Revolution.-Early life:Lux was born in Obernburg am Main, a village belonging to the Electorate of Mainz, as a farmer's son...
(b. 1765 - d. 1793), revolutionary at the time of the French RevolutionFrench RevolutionThe French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years... - Josef Knecht (b. 1897 - d. 1980), publisher
- Charlotte Marian (b. 1937), hit singer
- Wolfgang Zöller (b. 1942), deputy chairman of the CDU/CSUCDU/CSUCDU/CSU, unofficially also referred to as the Union parties or the Union, is the name of the Bundestag parliamentary faction comprising the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and the Christian Social Union of Bavaria , considered to be sister parties...
BundestagBundestagThe Bundestag is a federal legislative body in Germany. In practice Germany is governed by a bicameral legislature, of which the Bundestag serves as the lower house and the Bundesrat the upper house. The Bundestag is established by the German Basic Law of 1949, as the successor to the earlier...
faction - Gitti und Erika (b. 1958 and 1956), singing duo
- Urban Priol (b. 1961), cabaret performer
- Eva-Maria Grein (b. 1980), actress
- Dominik KleinDominik KleinDominik Klein is a German team handball player. He is World champion from 2007 with the German national team...
(b. 1983), professional handballer