Nowogard
Encyclopedia
Nowogard
Nowogard (n is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north...

 (Province) of northwestern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, with some 16,733 inhabitants (2004)

Location

Situated in the Goleniow County
Goleniów County
Goleniów County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which...

 of West Pomeranian Voivodship (since 1999), previously in Szczecin Voivodship (1975–98).

Nowogard is located 60 km to north-east from Szczecin
Szczecin
Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....

 and 55 km south of Baltic
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is a brackish mediterranean sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, the Great Belt and...

 coast, near important communication route Szczecin – Koszalin
Koszalin
Koszalin ; is the largest city of Middle Pomerania in north-western Poland. It is located 12 km south of the Baltic Sea coast. Koszalin is also a county-status city and capital of Koszalin County of West Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999...

 – Gdańsk
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...

.

20 km from the city is the Goleniów
Goleniów
Goleniów is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland with 22,399 inhabitants . It is the capital of Goleniów County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship ; previously it was in Szczecin Voivodeship . Town area is 12.5 km², geographical situation 53°33'N and 14°49'E...

 airport, connecting to bigger cities of Poland and some cities of Western Europe. In Świnoujście
Swinoujscie
Świnoujście is a city and seaport on the Baltic Sea and Szczecin Lagoon, located in the extreme north-west of Poland. It is situated mainly on the islands of Uznam and Wolin, but also occupies smaller islands, of which the largest is Karsibór island, once part of Usedom, now separated by a Piast...

 (75 km away from Nowogard) there is a ferry port connecting it to Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...

n countries.

History

According to the city's official webpage its origins go back to a fortified Slavic settlement which was the seat of the local castellan
Castellan
A castellan was the governor or captain of a castle. The word stems from the Latin Castellanus, derived from castellum "castle". Also known as a constable.-Duties:...

.
The settlemet was first mentioned in 1268 as "Nogart" ("Nogart Castrum et villa sive oppidum episcopi Caminensis") when Barnim I, Duke of Pomerania
Barnim I, Duke of Pomerania
Barnim I the Good from the Griffin dynasty was a Duke of Pomerania from 1220 until his death.-Life:...

 granted it as a fief to the Bishopric of Cammin, the bishops erected a castle on the territory of the town. In 1274 the town and its surrounding area was administered by Otto von Eberstein, it remained in the possession of the "von Eberstein" family until 1663. In 1309, the town was granted German town law
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...

.

In the first half of the 14th century fortifications were erected with an oblong market square in the center of the town. The town hall and the St. Mary's Church were erected.

In 1663, after the death of the last Eberstein, Naugard became property of Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ
Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ
Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ was a Lutheran Bishop of Kammin and official in the service of Brandenburg-Prussia.-Family:...

 and in 1684 property of the electors of Brandenburg.

Throughout the Soviet East Pomeranian Offensive
East Pomeranian Offensive
The East Pomeranian Strategic Offensive operation was an offensive by the Red Army in its fight against the German Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front...

 of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

 up to 60 percent of Naugard was destroyed. On 5 March 1945, the town was taken by the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...

, after which it became Polish
Oder-Neisse line
The Oder–Neisse line is the border between Germany and Poland which was drawn in the aftermath of World War II. The line is formed primarily by the Oder and Lusatian Neisse rivers, and meets the Baltic Sea west of the seaport cities of Szczecin and Świnoujście...

, the population fled or was expelled and the town was resettled with Poles
Recovered Territories
Recovered or Regained Territories was an official term used by the People's Republic of Poland to describe those parts of pre-war Germany that became part of Poland after World War II...

.

Sights

Its main tourist attraction is a large lake which extends to the center of Nowogard. Its surface covers about 1.12 square kilometres (length 2680 m; width 620 m). People fond of water sports and sun bathing have a great opportunity to relax at the lakeside or on the camping site nearby. Surrounding forests abound in mushrooms, berries and game. Its location near the beautiful lake and sandy beaches, as well as good hotel and restaurants make Nowogard the real attraction for tourists.

Worth seeing:
  • Fragments of fortifications – 14th century

  • The Gothic
    Gothic architecture
    Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....

     Church of Virgin Mary built in 1330–1334 (the main nave with stellar vaults; side naves separated with huge pillars; cross – ribbed vaults. In the presbytery
    Presbytery (architecture)
    The presbytery is the name for an area in a church building which is reserved for the clergy.In the oldest church it is separated by short walls, by small columns and pilasters in the Renaissance ones; it can also be raised, being reachable by a few steps, usually with railings....

     – the baroque
    Baroque
    The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...

     altar, one of the most beautiful ones in West Pomerania; in the church tower – the bell of 1485.

  • Two Romanesque baptismal font
    Baptismal font
    A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...

    s on both sides of the main entrance to the Church of Virgin Mary.

  • Halt – timbered house – 19th century

  • The site of the former castle on the island.

  • Two 700 year old yew
    Taxaceae
    The family Taxaceae, commonly called the yew family, includes three genera and about 7 to 12 species of coniferous plants, or in other interpretations , six genera and about 30 species....

     – trees – the highest in Szczecin Province (10m).

Population

  • 1875: 4,765 inbabitants
  • 1880: 4,949 inbabitants
  • 1890: 4,872 inbabitants
  • 1925: 6,302 inbabitants
  • 1933: 7,356 inbabitants
  • 1939: 8,202 inbabitants
  • 1960: 6,500 inbabitants
  • 1970: 8,800 inbabitants
  • 1975: 9,900 inbabitants
  • 1980: 11,300 inbabitants


As of 31 December 2003 county – 24.925, including city – 17.099 inhabitants and village – 7.826 inhabitants).

Twin towns — sister cities

Nowogard is twinned
Town twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...

 with: Gützkow
Gützkow
Gützkow is a town in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is situated 18 km south of Greifswald at the Peene River's northern bank. Gützkow was the center of the medieval County of Gützkow.-History:...

, Germany Heide
Heide
Heide is a town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the Kreis Dithmarschen. Population: 21,000.The German word Heide means "heath". In the 15th century four adjoining villages decided to build a church in the "middle of the heath". This remained the town's name to date...

, Germany Kävlinge
Kävlinge
Kävlinge is a locality and the seat of Kävlinge Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 8,550 inhabitants in 2005.In 1996, a train containing large amounts of ammonia derailed and around 9,000 people had to be evacuated from the area...

, Sweden

In 1963 the West German
West Germany
West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....

town of Heide took over a partnership for the expelled populace of Naugard. In 1996 this led to the signing of a contract of partnership between Heide and Nowogard in which the former populace is regarded "constitutive partners".

External links




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