Northern Philippine languages
Encyclopedia
The Northern Philippine languages are the languages of central and northern Luzon
, and the small islands between Luzon and Formosa
, including Ilokano
, Pangasinan
, Kapampangan
, and the Yami language of Taiwan.
The Northern Philippine languages are a long-established group which has often been taken to be more a geographic convenience than linguistic reality. However, a 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database fully supported the unity of the languages as a family. It also provided a low level of support (at 60% confidence) that the Batanic branch is closest to Northern Luzon. The Northern Mindoro branch was not included in the analysis.
Luzon
Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...
, and the small islands between Luzon and Formosa
Formosa
Formosa or Ilha Formosa is a Portuguese historical name for Taiwan , literally meaning, "Beautiful Island". The term may also refer to:-Places:* Formosa Strait, another name for the Taiwan Strait...
, including Ilokano
Ilokano language
Ilokano or Ilocano is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines....
, Pangasinan
Pangasinan language
The Pangasinan language or Pangasinense is one of the twelve major languages in the Philippines....
, Kapampangan
Kapampangan language
The Pampangan language, or Kapampangan , is one of the major languages of the Philippines. It is the language spoken in the province of Pampanga, the southern half of the province of Tarlac and the northern portion of the province of Bataan. Kapampangan is also understood in some barangays of...
, and the Yami language of Taiwan.
The Northern Philippine languages are a long-established group which has often been taken to be more a geographic convenience than linguistic reality. However, a 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database fully supported the unity of the languages as a family. It also provided a low level of support (at 60% confidence) that the Batanic branch is closest to Northern Luzon. The Northern Mindoro branch was not included in the analysis.
Classification
- Batanic languagesBatanic languagesThe Batanic languages are a dialect cluster which form a group of the Philippine branch of the Austronesian language family...
(4 languages between Luzon and FormosaTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
) - Northern Luzon languagesNorthern Luzon languagesThe Northern Luzon languages are one of the few established large groups of languages in the Philippines, with over forty closely languages in and around the Cordillera Central of northern Luzon.-Classification:...
(40 languages, including IlokanoIlokano languageIlokano or Ilocano is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines....
)- IlokanoIlokano languageIlokano or Ilocano is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines....
- Northern Cordilleran languagesNorthern Cordilleran languagesThe Northern Cordilleran languages are a group of languages spoken in the Philippines. They are,*Dumagat: Dumagat Agta, ?Paranan, ?Kasiguranin*Cagayan Valley**Isnag**Ibanag–Gaddang***Ibanagic: Atta, Ibanag, Itawit, Yogad...
(15 languages) - Meso-Cordilleran languages (25 languages)
- Ilokano
- Central Luzon languagesCentral Luzon languagesThe Central Luzon languages are a group of languages spoken in the Philippines. One of them, Kapampangan, is the major language of the Mount Pinatubo area...
(5 languages, including KapampanganKapampangan languageThe Pampangan language, or Kapampangan , is one of the major languages of the Philippines. It is the language spoken in the province of Pampanga, the southern half of the province of Tarlac and the northern portion of the province of Bataan. Kapampangan is also understood in some barangays of...
)- KapampanganKapampangan languageThe Pampangan language, or Kapampangan , is one of the major languages of the Philippines. It is the language spoken in the province of Pampanga, the southern half of the province of Tarlac and the northern portion of the province of Bataan. Kapampangan is also understood in some barangays of...
(spoken in PampangaPampangaPampanga is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is the City of San Fernando, Pampanga. Pampanga is bordered by the provinces of Bataan and Zambales to the west, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija to the north, and Bulacan to the southeast...
) - Sambalic languagesSambalic languagesThe Sambalic languages are a part of the Central Luzon language family spoken by the Sambals, an ethno-linguistic group on the western coastal areas of Central Luzon as well as the Zambales Mountain ranges...
(spoken in ZambalesZambalesZambales is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is Iba. Zambales borders Pangasinan to the north, Tarlac and Pampanga to the east, and Bataan to the south. The province lies between the South China Sea and the Zambales Mountains. With a land area of...
) - Sinauna
- Kapampangan
- Northern Mindoro languagesNorthern Mindoro languagesThe Northern Mindoro languages are one of two small clusters of languages spoken by the Mangyan people of Mindoro Island in the Philippines.The languages are Alangan, Iraya, and Tadyawan....
(or North MangyanMangyanMangyan is the generic name for the eight indigenous groups found in the Philippine island of Mindoro, each with its own tribal name, language, and customs...
; 3 languages)