The Northern Luzon languages (also known as the Cordilleran languages) are one of the few established large groups of languages in the Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

, with over forty closely languages in and around the Cordillera Central of northern Luzon

Luzon

Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...

.

Classification

The languages are generally subdivided as follows:

1. Ilokano
   Ilokano language
   Ilokano or Ilocano is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines....
   
   
2. Northern Cordilleran languages
   Northern Cordilleran languages
   The Northern Cordilleran languages are a group of languages spoken in the Philippines. They are,*Dumagat: Dumagat Agta, ?Paranan, ?Kasiguranin*Cagayan Valley**Isnag**Ibanag–Gaddang***Ibanagic: Atta, Ibanag, Itawit, Yogad...
   
    (15 languages)
3. South–Central Cordilleran languages (25 languages)
4. Arta (?)

Except for Arta, which was not included, this subclassification is strongly supported (confidence >95%) by a 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database

Ethnic groups

Below is a list of northern Luzon ethnic groups organized by linguistic classification. Approximate geographic distributions are also given.

• Ilocano (Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur)
• Northern Cordilleran
  • Isnag (northern Apayao Province)
  • Gaddang (Nueva Vizcaya and Isabela)
  • Ibanagic
    • Ibanag (Cagayan and Isabela)
    • Itawis (Southern Cagayan)
    • Yogad (Isabela)
• Central Cordilleran
  • Kalinga–Itneg
    • Kalinga (Kalinga Province)
    • Itneg (Abra Province)
  • Nuclear
    • Ifugao (Ifugao Province)
    • Balangao (eastern Mountain Province)
    • Bontok (central Mountain Province)
    • Kankanaey (western Mountain Province, northern Benguet)
• Southern Cordilleran
  • Ilongot (eastern Nueva Vizcaya, western Quirino)
  • Pangasinan (Pangasinan)
  • Ibaloi (southern Benguet Province)