Ninth Army (Ottoman Empire)
Encyclopedia
The Ninth Army of the Ottoman Empire
(Turkish
: Dokucuncu Ordu) was one of the field armies
of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I
.
and Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha
hold a secret meeting in Constantinople. They prepared a report called "Trio Oath" (Üçler Misâkı) and decided to establish army inspectorate for the defense of homeland. In late April, Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha submitted this report to the Minister of War Şakir Pasha. On April 30, 1919, the War Ministry and Sultan Mehmed VI
ratified the decision about the establishing of army inspectorates that had been accepted by the Chief of General Staff And then the First Army Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Constantinople, Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha
), the Yildirim Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Konya, Mersinli Cemal Pasha
, later Second Army Inspectorate) Inspectorate, the Ninth Army Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Erzurum, Mustafa Kemal Pasha
, later Third Army Inspectorate) was formed. Additionally, the Rumeli Military Troops Inspectorate (Nureddin Pasha
) would be established and the XIII Corps
would be under the direction of the Ministry of War. In May 1919, the army inspectorate was structured as follows:
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
(Turkish
Turkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
: Dokucuncu Ordu) was one of the field armies
Field army
A Field Army, or Area Army, usually referred to simply as an Army, is a term used by many national military forces for a military formation superior to a corps and beneath an army group....
of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
Order of Battle, June 1918
In June 1918, the army was structured as follows:- Ninth Army, (MirlivaMirlivaMirliva or Mîr-i livâ was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. It corresponds to a Brigadier General or Major General . Mirliva is a compound word composed of Mir and Liva...
Yakup Şevki PashaYakup Şevki SubaşıYakup Şevki Subaşı, also known as Yakub Shevki Pasha was a general of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army.-Sources:...
)- I Caucasian CorpsI Caucasian Corps (Ottoman Empire)The I Caucasian Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army...
(MirlivaMirlivaMirliva or Mîr-i livâ was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. It corresponds to a Brigadier General or Major General . Mirliva is a compound word composed of Mir and Liva...
Kâzım Karabekir PashaKazim KarabekirMusa Kâzım Karabekir was a Turkish general and politician. He was commander of the Eastern Army in the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.-Early years:Karabekir was born in 1882 as the son of an Ottoman General,...
)- 9th Caucasian Division, 10th Caucasian Division, 15th Division
- IV CorpsIV Corps (Ottoman Empire)The IV Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms...
(Mirliva Ali İhsan PashaAli İhsan SâbisAli İhsan Sâbis was the commander for the Sixth Army of the Ottomon Empire. After the war he was exiled to Malta by the British occupation forces. After returning to Turkey, he was appointed to the commandship of the First Army of Turkey...
)- 5th Division, 11th Division, 12th Division
- Independent Cavalry Brigade
- I Caucasian Corps
Order of Battle, September 1918
In September 1918, the army was structured as follows:- Ninth Army, (Mirliva Yakup Şevki Pasha)
- 9th Caucasian Division, 11th Caucasian Division, 12th Division, Independent Cavalry Brigade
Order of Battle, November 1918
In November 1918, the army was structured as follows:- Ninth Army, (Mirliva Yakup Şevki Pasha)
- 3rd Caucasian Division (AhıskaAkhaltsikheAkhaltsikhe is a small city in Georgia's southwestern region of Samtskhe-Javakheti. It is situated on the both banks of a small river Potskhovi, which separates the city to the old city in the north and new in the south. The name of the city translates from Georgian as "new fortress".- History...
) - 9th Caucasian Division (south of ErzincanErzincan-Trivia:Erzincan has the largest man made of Portrait of Atatürk, located north of the city, 176m×43m. It covers 7,500 square meter. Turkish Army made it 1982, in 29 days by 3,000 soldier, 100 tons of black and white paint was used...
) - 10th Caucasian Division (BatumBatumiBatumi is a seaside city on the Black Sea coast and capital of Adjara, an autonomous republic in southwest Georgia. Sometimes considered Georgia's second capital, with a population of 121,806 , Batumi serves as an important port and a commercial center. It is situated in a subtropical zone, rich in...
- moving to Constantinople) - 11th Caucasian Division (HoyHoyHoy is an island in Orkney, Scotland. With an area of it is the second largest in the archipelago after the Mainland. It is connected by a causeway called The Ayre to South Walls...
) - 36th Caucasian Division (from Third ArmyThird Army (Ottoman Empire)The Ottoman Third Army was originally established in the Balkans and later defended the northern and eastern parts of the Ottoman Empire. Its initial headquarters was at Salonica. With the onset of World War I, it moved to Erzurum Fortress. The headquarters was moved to Susehir after the Battle...
, GümrüGyumriGyumri is the capital and largest city of the Shirak Province in northwest Armenia. It is located about 120 km from the capital Yerevan, and, with a population of 168,918 , is the second-largest city in Armenia.The name of the city has been changed many times in history...
) - 12th Division (SerdarabadArmavir, ArmeniaArmavir is a city located in western Armenia. The 1989 census reported that the city had a total population of 46,900, but this has declined considerably: the 2001 census counted 32,034; estimate for 2008 is 26,387. It is the capital of the Armavir province . The city of Armavir in Russia, founded...
) - Independent Cavalry Brigade
- 3rd Caucasian Division (Ahıska
Ninth Army Troops Inspectorate, May 1919
In April 1919, Şevket Turgut Pasha, Cevat PashaCevat Çobanli
Cevat Çobanlı was a military commander of the Ottoman Army, War Minister of the Ottoman Empire and a general of Turkish Army.-Family and schools:...
and Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha
Fevzi Çakmak
Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak was a Turkish soldier , politician. Minister of War of the Ottoman Empire, National Defence Minister, Prime minister of Ankara government, the second Chief of the General Staff of the Army of the Grand National Assembly and the first Chief of the General Staff of the Republic of...
hold a secret meeting in Constantinople. They prepared a report called "Trio Oath" (Üçler Misâkı) and decided to establish army inspectorate for the defense of homeland. In late April, Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha submitted this report to the Minister of War Şakir Pasha. On April 30, 1919, the War Ministry and Sultan Mehmed VI
Mehmed VI
Mehmet VI was the 36th and last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1918 to 1922...
ratified the decision about the establishing of army inspectorates that had been accepted by the Chief of General Staff And then the First Army Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Constantinople, Kavaklı Mustafa Fevzi Pasha
Fevzi Çakmak
Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak was a Turkish soldier , politician. Minister of War of the Ottoman Empire, National Defence Minister, Prime minister of Ankara government, the second Chief of the General Staff of the Army of the Grand National Assembly and the first Chief of the General Staff of the Republic of...
), the Yildirim Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Konya, Mersinli Cemal Pasha
Cemal Mersinli
Cemal Mersinli also known as Mehmed Djemal Pasha, Mersinli Djemal, Djemal Kuchuk, or the lesser Djemal - October 7, 1941; Ankara) was a general of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army...
, later Second Army Inspectorate) Inspectorate, the Ninth Army Troops Inspectorate (stationed in Erzurum, Mustafa Kemal Pasha
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
, later Third Army Inspectorate) was formed. Additionally, the Rumeli Military Troops Inspectorate (Nureddin Pasha
Nureddin Pasha
Nureddin Pasha , often called Bearded Nureddin , was a Turkish military officer, who served in the Ottoman Empire during World War I and in the Turkish army during the Greco-Turkish War...
) would be established and the XIII Corps
XIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)
The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
would be under the direction of the Ministry of War. In May 1919, the army inspectorate was structured as follows:
- Ninth Army Troops Inspectorate (Dokuzuncu Ordu Kıt'aatı Müfettişliği, ErzurumErzurumErzurum is a city in Turkey. It is the largest city, the capital of Erzurum Province. The city is situated 1757 meters above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 361,235 in the 2000 census. .Erzurum, known as "The Rock" in NATO code, served as NATO's southeastern-most air force post during the...
, Inspector: MirlivaMirlivaMirliva or Mîr-i livâ was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. It corresponds to a Brigadier General or Major General . Mirliva is a compound word composed of Mir and Liva...
Mustafa Kemal PashaMustafa Kemal AtatürkMustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
, renamed as Third Army Inspectorate on 15 June 1919)- III CorpsIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The III Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.- Order of Battle, 1911 :...
(Sivas, MiralayColonelColonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
Refet BeyRefet BeleRefet Bele was an officer of the Ottoman Army and the general of the Turkish Army.-External links:...
)- 5th Caucasian Division
- 15th Division
- XV CorpsXV Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XV Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I...
(Erzurum, Mirliva Kâzım Karabekir PashaKazim KarabekirMusa Kâzım Karabekir was a Turkish general and politician. He was commander of the Eastern Army in the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.-Early years:Karabekir was born in 1882 as the son of an Ottoman General,...
)- 3rd Caucasian Division
- 9th Caucasian Division
- 11th Caucasian Division
- 12th Division
- III Corps