Minuscule 471
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 471 α 136 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on a parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 12th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 510. The manuscript has no complex contents.
s on 240 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacunae
(Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in one column per page, 23-24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 240 - 16:9), but without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, Eusebian Canon tables (later hand), lists of the (lists of contents) before each Gospel (on paper), lectionary markings at the margin, Synaxarion, Menologion, and pictures (of poor quality).
After the Synaxarion on paper is a curious list of appearances of the Lord to His Apostles from the time of Stephen down to St. Peter's martyrdom.
According to Scrivener it is written in a very minute but graceful hand. Directions for the Church lessons are perpetually found in the margin, and occasionally introduced into the text (e.g. John 3:17; 13:17). The accents and breathings are pretty constant, but not very correct; we have in John 1 οπισω vv. 15.27; εστηκεν v. 26. Scrivener observed iota adscript
um only twice (Luke 8:40; John 1:39), iota subscript
um never. It has usual errors of itacism
ε for αι, ι or ει for η, υ for οι, ο for ω and vice versa are found in great abundance. The initial letters of the lessons and lesser sections are inserted in red ink (secunda manu) even where they had been previously given in black ink by the scribe who wrote the manuscript.
It has some grammatical or orthographical peculiarities. It reads εισελθατε (Matthew 7:13
), προσεπεσαν (Matthew 7:25), ανεπεσαν (Mark 6:40; John 6:10), εμπροσθε (Matthew 10:32), δραγμη (Luke 15:8.9).
. Hermann von Soden classified it as Byzantine commentated text. Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the textual family Kx
in Luke, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
There are some connections with some important readings from the codices Vaticanus
, Ephraemi
and the elder uncials described by Wettstein
(e.g. Matthew 8:28).
It does not contain the pericope John 7:53-8:11, though the manuscript sometimes agrees with the common text where comparatively few others do (e.g. Matthew 3:8.27). The folios 1-7 on a paper. It has many corrections made by later hand.
According to Scrivener the manuscript was written by careful and competent scribe. The manuscript was once in Constantinople, but brought from the East to England by Carlyle
(1759-1804), professor of Arabic, together with the manuscripts 470
, 472
, 473
, 474
, 475
, 488
, 642
.
The manuscript was examined by J. Farrer in 1804, F. H. A. Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener
collated and published its text in 1852.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscript by Scrivener (510) and Gregory (471).
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace
(1176) in London
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on a parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 12th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 510. The manuscript has no complex contents.
Description
The codex contains the text of the GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 240 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in one column per page, 23-24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 240 - 16:9), but without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, Eusebian Canon tables (later hand), lists of the (lists of contents) before each Gospel (on paper), lectionary markings at the margin, Synaxarion, Menologion, and pictures (of poor quality).
After the Synaxarion on paper is a curious list of appearances of the Lord to His Apostles from the time of Stephen down to St. Peter's martyrdom.
According to Scrivener it is written in a very minute but graceful hand. Directions for the Church lessons are perpetually found in the margin, and occasionally introduced into the text (e.g. John 3:17; 13:17). The accents and breathings are pretty constant, but not very correct; we have in John 1 οπισω vv. 15.27; εστηκεν v. 26. Scrivener observed iota adscript
Iota adscript
In Greek polytonic orthography, the iota adscript is a iota written after a long vowel in a long diphthong, as opposed to below the vowel as a small vertical stroke ....
um only twice (Luke 8:40; John 1:39), iota subscript
Iota subscript
Iota subscript in Greek polytonic orthography is a way of writing the letter iota as a small vertical stroke beneath a vowel. It was used in the so-called "long diphthongs" in Ancient Greek, that is, diphthongs the first part of which is a long vowel: and...
um never. It has usual errors of itacism
Iotacism
Iotacism is the process by which a number of vowels and diphthongs in Ancient Greek converged in pronunciation so that they all sound like iota in Modern Greek....
ε for αι, ι or ει for η, υ for οι, ο for ω and vice versa are found in great abundance. The initial letters of the lessons and lesser sections are inserted in red ink (secunda manu) even where they had been previously given in black ink by the scribe who wrote the manuscript.
It has some grammatical or orthographical peculiarities. It reads εισελθατε (Matthew 7:13
Matthew 7:13
Matthew 7:13 is the thirteenth verse of the seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament and is part of the Sermon on the Mount...
), προσεπεσαν (Matthew 7:25), ανεπεσαν (Mark 6:40; John 6:10), εμπροσθε (Matthew 10:32), δραγμη (Luke 15:8.9).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it as Byzantine commentated text. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
There are some connections with some important readings from the codices Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...
, Ephraemi
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus is an early 5th century Greek manuscript of the Bible, the last in the group of the four great uncial manuscripts...
and the elder uncials described by Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
(e.g. Matthew 8:28).
It does not contain the pericope John 7:53-8:11, though the manuscript sometimes agrees with the common text where comparatively few others do (e.g. Matthew 3:8.27). The folios 1-7 on a paper. It has many corrections made by later hand.
History
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 12th century.According to Scrivener the manuscript was written by careful and competent scribe. The manuscript was once in Constantinople, but brought from the East to England by Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle was an English orientalist, born in Carlisle, England, where his father was a physician.In 1775 he went to Cambridge, and was elected a fellow of Queens' College in 1779, taking the degree of Bachelor of Divinity in 1793...
(1759-1804), professor of Arabic, together with the manuscripts 470
Minuscule 470
Minuscule 470 , α 136 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509...
, 472
Minuscule 472
Minuscule 472 , α 1386 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 473
Minuscule 473
Minuscule 473 , α 1390 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 512...
, 474
Minuscule 474
Minuscule 474 , α 137 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 475
Minuscule 475
Minuscule 475 , α 138 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 515...
, 488
Minuscule 488
Minuscule 488 , ε 4006 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.Scrivener labeled it by number 514....
, 642
Minuscule 642
Minuscule 642 , α 552 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
.
The manuscript was examined by J. Farrer in 1804, F. H. A. Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
collated and published its text in 1852.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscript by Scrivener (510) and Gregory (471).
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England. It is located in Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames a short distance upstream of the Palace of Westminster on the opposite shore. It was acquired by the archbishopric around 1200...
(1176) in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- F. H. A. Scrivener, A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels (Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXVII-XXIX. (as b)