Minuscule 34
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 34 A19 (Von Soden). It is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, written on vellum. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
s with three lacunae
. The text is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page, on 469 parchment leaves . It is elegantly written. The headpieces and the initial letters are ornamented with colours.
The leaves 1-3 were supplied by a later hand, with Homilien of Psellus.
The text is surrounded by a catena
(in Mark of Victorinus). Text of Mark 16:8-20
has not a commentary. Catena is similar to that of 194
.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241 Sections, the last section in 16:20), but there are no references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, Eusebian Canon tables, prolegomena, pictures, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
, and pictures (portraits of the four Evangelists).
The commentary of Victorinus in Gospel of Mark, from the same original as in codex 39
.
. Aland
placed it in Category V. It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method.
It lacks Matthew 16:2b–3. The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is marked as a doubtful. It has note at the margin: "mais c'est une erreur. None avone verifie le passage avec soin et cette note n'y existe nulle part".
It contains text of Luke 22:43-44
without obelus or asterisk, but it has questionable scholion at the margin.
The manuscript was written on the Mount Athos
, it belonged to the Stavronikita monastery
. It was brought by Pierre Seguier
to France and became part of the Fonds Coislin.
The manuscript was examined and described by Montfaucon
, Wettstein
, Scholz, Tischendorf
, Paulin Martin
, and Burgon. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.
It is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France
(Coislin Gr. 195) at Paris
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, written on vellum. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
Description
The codex contains the text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s with three lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
. The text is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page, on 469 parchment leaves . It is elegantly written. The headpieces and the initial letters are ornamented with colours.
The leaves 1-3 were supplied by a later hand, with Homilien of Psellus.
The text is surrounded by a catena
Catena (Biblical commentary)
A catena is a form of biblical commentary, verse by verse, made up entirely of excerpts from earlier Biblical commentators, each introduced with the name of the author, and with such minor adjustments of words to allow the whole to form a continuous commentary.The texts are mainly compiled from...
(in Mark of Victorinus). Text of Mark 16:8-20
Mark 16
Mark 16 is the final chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It begins with the discovery of the empty tomb by Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome — there they encounter a man dressed in white who announces the Resurrection of Jesus.Verse 8 ends...
has not a commentary. Catena is similar to that of 194
Minuscule 194
Minuscule 194 , A130 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241 Sections, the last section in 16:20), but there are no references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, Eusebian Canon tables, prolegomena, pictures, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
, and pictures (portraits of the four Evangelists).
The commentary of Victorinus in Gospel of Mark, from the same original as in codex 39
Minuscule 39
Minuscule 39 , A140 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has complex contents and some marginalia.- Description :...
.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V. It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method.
It lacks Matthew 16:2b–3. The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is marked as a doubtful. It has note at the margin: "mais c'est une erreur. None avone verifie le passage avec soin et cette note n'y existe nulle part".
It contains text of Luke 22:43-44
Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...
without obelus or asterisk, but it has questionable scholion at the margin.
History
The manuscript was dated by Scholz and Martin to the 10th century. It is dated by the INTF to the 10th century.The manuscript was written on the Mount Athos
Mount Athos
Mount Athos is a mountain and peninsula in Macedonia, Greece. A World Heritage Site, it is home to 20 Eastern Orthodox monasteries and forms a self-governed monastic state within the sovereignty of the Hellenic Republic. Spiritually, Mount Athos comes under the direct jurisdiction of the...
, it belonged to the Stavronikita monastery
Stavronikita monastery
Stavronikita monastery is an Eastern Orthodox monastery at the monastic state of Mount Athos in Greece, dedicated to Saint Nicholas. It is built on top of a rock near the sea near the middle of the eastern shore of the Athonite peninsula, located between the monasteries of Iviron and Pantokratoros...
. It was brought by Pierre Seguier
Pierre Séguier
-Early years:Born in Paris, France of a prominent legal family originating in Quercy. His grandfather, Pierre Séguier , was président à mortier in the parlement of Paris from 1554 to 1576, and the chancellor's father, Jean Séguier, a seigneur d'Autry, was civil lieutenant of Paris at the time of...
to France and became part of the Fonds Coislin.
The manuscript was examined and described by Montfaucon
Bernard de Montfaucon
Bernard de Montfaucon was a French Benedictine monk, a scholar who founded a new discipline, palaeography; an editor of works of the Fathers of the Church; he is also regarded to be one of the founders of modern archaeology.-Early life:Montfaucon was born January 13, 1655 in the castle of...
, Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
, Scholz, Tischendorf
Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
, Paulin Martin
Paulin Martin
Paulin Martin was a French Catholic Biblical scholar.-Life:...
, and Burgon. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.
It is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France
Bibliothèque nationale de France
The is the National Library of France, located in Paris. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France. The current president of the library is Bruno Racine.-History:...
(Coislin Gr. 195) at Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscripts
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Bernard de MontfauconBernard de MontfauconBernard de Montfaucon was a French Benedictine monk, a scholar who founded a new discipline, palaeography; an editor of works of the Fathers of the Church; he is also regarded to be one of the founders of modern archaeology.-Early life:Montfaucon was born January 13, 1655 in the castle of...
, Bibliotheca Coisliniana, olim Segueriana, Paris: Ludovicus Guerin & Carolus Robustel, 1715, p. 247.