Middlesex (UK Parliament constituency)
Encyclopedia
Middlesex is a former United Kingdom
Parliamentary
constituency. It was a constituency
of the House of Commons
of the Parliament of England
then of the Parliament of Great Britain
from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
from 1801 to 1885.
of Middlesex
, in south-eastern England, comprising (for the most part) the north-west of the modern Greater London
region. Its southern boundary was the River Thames
. See Middlesex
for maps of the historic county and details about it.
The county returned two Members of Parliament (sometimes referred to by the ancient term of knights of the shire
) until 1885. The place of election for the county was at Brentford
.
Until 1832 the county franchise was limited to 40 shilling freeholders
. The decrease in the value of money due to inflation
and the expansion of the wealth and population of the county, as the urbanised area in the east around London and Westminster grew, both contributed to gradually expanding the electorate. The county was estimated by Henning to have about 1,660 voters in 1681. Sedgwick estimated about 3,000 electors in the 1715-1754 period. Namier and Brook suggested there were about 3,500 county voters 1754-1790. The number had reached about 6,000 by 1790-1820, according to Thorne.
For subsequent changes in the county franchise see Reform Act 1832
and Reform Act 1867
. From 1832 voters were registered, so see the electorate figures in the election results below for details of how many men were enfranchised.
The geographic county, up to 1885, also contained the borough constituencies
of City of London
(first recorded as enfranchised with 4 seats from 1298) and Westminster
(enfranchised with 2 seats from 1545). In 1832 some additional two member Boroughs were enfranchised; Finsbury
, Marylebone
and Tower Hamlets
. In 1868 further metropolitan Boroughs were granted two members; Chelsea
and Hackney
. In addition the non-territorial University constituency
of London University
, which received one seat in 1868, was somewhat connected to the county.
Possession of a county vote qualification, relating to property situated in a parliamentary borough in the county, conferred the right to vote in the county election.
In 1885 the county was split into numerous single-member borough and seven county divisions, although the City of London remained a multi-member constituency with two seats.
The historic geographic county was divided between two administrative counties from 1889. The borough constituencies that comprised the eastern part of the historic county became part of the administrative county
of London
. The county divisions in the western part of the historic county, in what became the administrative county
of Middlesex, were Brentford
, Ealing
, Enfield
, Harrow
, Hornsey
, Tottenham
and Uxbridge
.
There were no Parliamentary borough
s, in the part of the historic county of Middlesex that was to become the administrative county of Middlesex.
fully in line with the Gregorian calendar
.
Constituency created (1265): See De Montfort's Parliament
for further details. Knights of the shire
are known to have been summoned to most Parliaments from 1290 (19th Parliament of King Edward I of England
) and to every one from 1320 (19th Parliament of King Edward II of England
).
In this period, Parliament was not an institution with a regular pattern of elections and sittings. Therefore a separate entry is made for each Parliament, even if the same Knight of the Shire served in successive Parliaments.
List of known Knights of the Shire before 1509
Table of Knights of the Shire 1509-1660
Notes:-
Table of Members of the Commonwealth Parliaments 1653-1659
The County had three nominated members in the Barebones Parliament
, four representatives in the First
and Second
and the usual two in the Third
of the Protectorate Parliaments
Notes:-
system was used. Voters could cast a vote for one or two candidates, as they chose. The leading candidates with the largest number of votes were elected.
In by-elections, to fill a single seat, the first past the post system applied.
After 1832, when registration of voters was introduced, a turnout figure is given for contested elections. In two-member elections, when the exact number of participating voters is unknown, this is calculated by dividing the number of votes by two. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes this will be an underestimate of turnout.
Where a party had more than one candidate in one or both of a pair of successive elections change is calculated for each individual candidate, otherwise change is based on the party vote.
Candidates for whom no party has been identified are classified as Non Partisan. The candidate might have been associated with a party or faction in Parliament or consider himself to belong to a particular political tradition. Political parties before the nineteenth century were not as cohesive or organised as they later became. Contemporary commentators (even the reputed leaders of parties or factions) in the eighteenth century did not necessarily agree who the party supporters were. The traditional parties, which had arisen in the late seventeenth century, became increasingly irrelevant to politics in the eighteenth century (particularly after 1760), although for some contests in some constituencies party labels were still used. It was only towards the end of the century that party labels began to acquire some meaning again, although this process was by no means complete for several more generations.
Sources: The results for elections 1660-1790 were taken from the History of Parliament Trust publications. The results are based on Stooks Smith from 1790 until the UK general election, 1832 and Craig from 1832. Where Stooks Smith gives additional information after 1832 this is indicated in a note.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Parliamentary
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
constituency. It was a constituency
United Kingdom constituencies
In the United Kingdom , each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly.Within the United Kingdom there are now five bodies with members elected by constituencies:...
of the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
of the Parliament of England
Parliament of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England. In 1066, William of Normandy introduced a feudal system, by which he sought the advice of a council of tenants-in-chief and ecclesiastics before making laws...
then of the Parliament of Great Britain
Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and Parliament of Scotland...
from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
from 1801 to 1885.
Boundaries and boundary changes
This county constituency consisted of the historic countyHistoric counties of England
The historic counties of England are subdivisions of England established for administration by the Normans and in most cases based on earlier Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and shires...
of Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
, in south-eastern England, comprising (for the most part) the north-west of the modern Greater London
Greater London
Greater London is the top-level administrative division of England covering London. It was created in 1965 and spans the City of London, including Middle Temple and Inner Temple, and the 32 London boroughs. This territory is coterminate with the London Government Office Region and the London...
region. Its southern boundary was the River Thames
River Thames
The River Thames flows through southern England. It is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom. While it is best known because its lower reaches flow through central London, the river flows alongside several other towns and cities, including Oxford,...
. See Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
for maps of the historic county and details about it.
The county returned two Members of Parliament (sometimes referred to by the ancient term of knights of the shire
Knights of the Shire
From the creation of the Parliament of England in mediaeval times until 1826 each county of England and Wales sent two Knights of the Shire as members of Parliament to represent the interests of the county, when the number of knights from Yorkshire was increased to four...
) until 1885. The place of election for the county was at Brentford
Brentford
Brentford is a suburban town in west London, England, and part of the London Borough of Hounslow. It is located at the confluence of the River Thames and the River Brent, west-southwest of Charing Cross. Its former ceremonial county was Middlesex.-Toponymy:...
.
Until 1832 the county franchise was limited to 40 shilling freeholders
Forty Shilling Freeholders
Forty shilling freeholders were a group of landowners who had the Parliamentary franchise to vote in county constituencies in various parts of the British Isles. In England it was the only such qualification from 1430 until 1832...
. The decrease in the value of money due to inflation
Inflation
In economics, inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, inflation also reflects an erosion in the purchasing power of money – a...
and the expansion of the wealth and population of the county, as the urbanised area in the east around London and Westminster grew, both contributed to gradually expanding the electorate. The county was estimated by Henning to have about 1,660 voters in 1681. Sedgwick estimated about 3,000 electors in the 1715-1754 period. Namier and Brook suggested there were about 3,500 county voters 1754-1790. The number had reached about 6,000 by 1790-1820, according to Thorne.
For subsequent changes in the county franchise see Reform Act 1832
Reform Act 1832
The Representation of the People Act 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales...
and Reform Act 1867
Reform Act 1867
The Representation of the People Act 1867, 30 & 31 Vict. c. 102 was a piece of British legislation that enfranchised the urban male working class in England and Wales....
. From 1832 voters were registered, so see the electorate figures in the election results below for details of how many men were enfranchised.
The geographic county, up to 1885, also contained the borough constituencies
Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
of City of London
City of London (UK Parliament constituency)
The City of London was a United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950.-Boundaries and boundary...
(first recorded as enfranchised with 4 seats from 1298) and Westminster
Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)
Westminster was a parliamentary constituency in the Parliament of England to 1707, the Parliament of Great Britain 1707-1800 and the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801. It returned two members to 1885 and one thereafter....
(enfranchised with 2 seats from 1545). In 1832 some additional two member Boroughs were enfranchised; Finsbury
Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)
The parliamentary borough of Finsbury was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1885, and from 1918 to 1950. The constituency created in 1832 included part of the county of Middlesex north of the City of London and was named after the Finsbury...
, Marylebone
Marylebone (UK Parliament constituency)
Marylebone was a parliamentary constituency in Middlesex, England from 1832 to 1885. The parliamentary borough formed part of the built up area of London, and returned two members to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom...
and Tower Hamlets
Tower Hamlets (UK Parliament constituency)
Tower Hamlets was a parliamentary borough constituency in, Middlesex, England from 1832 to 1885. It elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom...
. In 1868 further metropolitan Boroughs were granted two members; Chelsea
Chelsea (UK Parliament constituency)
Chelsea was a borough constituency, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The constituency was created by the Reform Act 1867 for the 1868 general election, when it returned two Members of Parliament , elected by the bloc vote system of election.Under the...
and Hackney
Hackney (UK Parliament constituency)
Hackney was a two seat constituency in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom created under the Representation of the People Act, 1867 from the division of the county constituency of Middlesex and reformed under the Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885 as Hackney North, Hackney...
. In addition the non-territorial University constituency
University constituency
A university constituency is a constituency, used in elections to a legislature, that represents a university rather than a geographical area. University constituencies may involve plural voting, in which eligible voters are permitted to vote in both a university constituency and a geographical...
of London University
London University (UK Parliament constituency)
London University was a university constituency electing one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1868 to 1950.-Boundaries, electorate and history:...
, which received one seat in 1868, was somewhat connected to the county.
Possession of a county vote qualification, relating to property situated in a parliamentary borough in the county, conferred the right to vote in the county election.
In 1885 the county was split into numerous single-member borough and seven county divisions, although the City of London remained a multi-member constituency with two seats.
The historic geographic county was divided between two administrative counties from 1889. The borough constituencies that comprised the eastern part of the historic county became part of the administrative county
Administrative county
An administrative county was an administrative division in England and Wales and Ireland used for the purposes of local government. They are now abolished, although in Northern Ireland their former areas are used as the basis for lieutenancy....
of London
County of London
The County of London was a county of England from 1889 to 1965, corresponding to the area known today as Inner London. It was created as part of the general introduction of elected county government in England, by way of the Local Government Act 1888. The Act created an administrative County of...
. The county divisions in the western part of the historic county, in what became the administrative county
Administrative county
An administrative county was an administrative division in England and Wales and Ireland used for the purposes of local government. They are now abolished, although in Northern Ireland their former areas are used as the basis for lieutenancy....
of Middlesex, were Brentford
Brentford (UK Parliament constituency)
Brentford was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Brentford district of west London. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom....
, Ealing
Ealing (UK Parliament constituency)
Ealing was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Ealing district of west London. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.-History:...
, Enfield
Enfield (UK Parliament constituency)
Enfield was a parliamentary constituency of Middlesex centred on the town of Enfield. The area formed part of the London conurbation. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.-History:The...
, Harrow
Harrow (UK Parliament constituency)
Harrow was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Harrow suburb of North London. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom....
, Hornsey
Hornsey (UK Parliament constituency)
Hornsey was a parliamentary constituency covering what is now the Hornsey district of North London. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from the 1885 general election until it was abolished for the 1983 general election...
, Tottenham
Tottenham (UK Parliament constituency)
Tottenham is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.- Boundaries :...
and Uxbridge
Uxbridge (UK Parliament constituency)
Uxbridge was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament using the first-past-the-post voting system, from 1885 until it was abolished at the 2010 general election....
.
There were no Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
s, in the part of the historic county of Middlesex that was to become the administrative county of Middlesex.
Members of Parliament
Preliminary note: The English civil year started on 25 March until 1752 (Scotland having changed to 1 January in 1600). The year used in the lists of Parliaments in this article have been converted to the new style where necessary. It should be noted that old style dates would be a year earlier than the new style for days between 1 January and 24 March. No attempt has been made to compensate for the eleven days which did not occur in September 1752 in both England and Scotland as well as other British controlled territories (when the day after 2 September was 14 September), so as to bring the British EmpireBritish Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
fully in line with the Gregorian calendar
Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter...
.
Constituency created (1265): See De Montfort's Parliament
De Montfort's Parliament
De Montfort's Parliament was an English parliament of 1265, instigated by Simon de Montfort, a baronial rebel leader. Although this gathering did not have the approval of king Henry III, and the members convened without royal approval, most scholars believe this was the first gathering in England...
for further details. Knights of the shire
Knights of the Shire
From the creation of the Parliament of England in mediaeval times until 1826 each county of England and Wales sent two Knights of the Shire as members of Parliament to represent the interests of the county, when the number of knights from Yorkshire was increased to four...
are known to have been summoned to most Parliaments from 1290 (19th Parliament of King Edward I of England
Edward I of England
Edward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
) and to every one from 1320 (19th Parliament of King Edward II of England
Edward II of England
Edward II , called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed by his wife Isabella in January 1327. He was the sixth Plantagenet king, in a line that began with the reign of Henry II...
).
Knights of the shire 1265-1660
Some of the members elected during this period have been identified, but this list does not include Parliaments where no member has been identified before the reign of King Henry VIII. In the list (as opposed to the table below) the year given is for the first meeting of the Parliament, with the month added where there was more than one Parliament in the year. If a second year is given this is a date of dissolution. Early Parliaments usually only existed for a few days or weeks, so dissolutions in the same year as the first meeting are not recorded in this list If a specific date of election is known this is recorded in italic brackets. The Roman numerals in brackets, following some names, are those used to distinguish different politicians of the same name in 'The House of Commons' 1509-1558 and 1558-1603.In this period, Parliament was not an institution with a regular pattern of elections and sittings. Therefore a separate entry is made for each Parliament, even if the same Knight of the Shire served in successive Parliaments.
List of known Knights of the Shire before 1509
| Parliament | First member | Second member |
|---|---|---|
| 1295 (Nov) | William de Brook | Stephen de Gravesend |
| 1296 | Richard de Wyndesor | Richard le Rous |
| 1297 (Oct) | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1298 (Mar) | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1298 (May) | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1300 | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1301 | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1302 (Oct) | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1305 (Feb) | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1306 | Richard le Rous | ? |
| 1386 | Sir Adam Francis | William Swanland |
| 1388 (Feb) | Sir Adam Francis | William Swanland |
| 1388 (Sep) | William Barnville | Godfrey Atte Perry |
| 1390 (Jan) | John Shorditch I | Thomas Coningsby |
| 1390 (Nov) | John Shorditch I | Sir Adam Francis |
| 1391 | Thomas Bray | William Norton |
| 1393 | William Tamworth | Thomas Maidstone |
| 1394 | John Shorditch II | James Ormesby |
| 1395 | John Shorditch II | Thomas Coningsby |
| 1397 (Jan) | Thomas Goodlake | Thomas Maidstone |
| 1397 (Sep) | Sir Adam Francis | Sir John Wroth |
| 1399 | John Durham | Thomas Maidstone |
| 1401 | William Loveney | Sir John Wroth |
| 1402 | James Northampton | Thomas Coningsby |
| 1404 (Jan) | William Wroth | Sir John Wroth |
| 1404 (Oct) | Sir Roger Strange | William Powe |
| 1406 | Henry Somer | Sir John Wroth |
| 1407 | Henry Somer | William Loveney |
| 1410 | ||
| 1411 | Sir Adam Francis | Sir Roger Strange |
| 1413 (Feb) | ||
| 1413 (May) | William Loveney | Richard Wyot |
| 1414 (Apr) | Simon Camp | Walter Green |
| 1414 (Nov) | Thomas Charlton | John Walden |
| 1415 | Simon Camp | Thomas Coningsby |
| 1416 (Mar) | ||
| 1416 (Oct) | Henry Somer | Walter Gawtron |
| 1419 | Thomas Frowyk | Thomas Coningsby |
| 1420 | Sir John Boys | Walter Green |
| 1421 (May) | Henry Somer | Sir Thomas Charlton |
| 1421 (Dec) | Richard Maidstone | Edmund Bibbesworth |
| 1442 | Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
|
| 1447 | Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
|
| 1449 | Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
|
| 1453 | Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
|
| 1459 | Sir Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
|
| 1460 | Sir Thomas Charlton Thomas Charlton (speaker) Thomas Charlton was Speaker of the House of Commons of England in 1454 .He was the son and heir of Sir Thomas Charlton of Hillingdon , landowner and MP.... |
Table of Knights of the Shire 1509-1660
| Summoned | Elected | Assembled | Dissolved | First Member | Second Member |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 October 1509 | 1509/10 | 21 January 1510 | 23 February 1510 | Sir Thomas Lovell Thomas Lovell Sir Thomas Lovell was an English soldier and administrator, Speaker of the House of Commons and Secretary to the Treasury.-Early life:... (I) |
unknown |
| 28 November 1511 | 1511/12 | 4 February 1512 | 4 March 1514 | unknown | unknown |
| 23 November 1514 | 1514/15 | 5 February 1515 | 22 December 1515 | unknown | unknown |
| unknown | 1523 | 15 April 1523 | 13 August 1523 | Sir Thomas More Thomas More Sir Thomas More , also known by Catholics as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist. He was an important councillor to Henry VIII of England and, for three years toward the end of his life, Lord Chancellor... (I) a |
unknown |
| 9 August 1529 | 1529 | 3 November 1529 | 14 April 1536 | Robert Wroth b | Richard Hawkes c |
| 27 April 1536 | 1536 | 8 June 1536 | 18 July 1536 | unknown | unknown |
| 1 March 1539 | 1539 | 28 April 1539 | 24 July 1540 | Sir Ralph Sadler Ralph Sadler Sir Ralph Sadler, PC, Knight banneret was an English statesman of the 16th century, and served as a Secretary of State for King Henry VIII.-Background:... |
Robert Cheeseman Robert Cheeseman Robert Cheeseman or Cheseman was an English politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Middlesex 28 April 1539 - 24 July 1540.-Life:... |
| 23 November 1541 | 1541/42 | 16 January 1542 | 28 March 1544 | Robert Cheeseman Robert Cheeseman Robert Cheeseman or Cheseman was an English politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Middlesex 28 April 1539 - 24 July 1540.-Life:... |
John Hughes John Hughes (Middlesex MP) John Hughes was an English politician. He was a Member of Parliament for Middlesex 1542 to 1552.-References:... d |
| 1 December 1544 | 1544/45 | 23 November 1545 | 31 January 1547 | Sir William Paget William Paget, 1st Baron Paget William Paget, 1st Baron Paget of Beaudesert , was an English statesman and accountant who held prominent positions in the service of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I.-Early life:... |
Thomas Wroth Thomas Wroth (politician, 16th century) Sir Thomas Wroth was an English courtier and politician, a supporter of the Protestant Reformation.-Life:Robert Wroth, his father, was attorney of the duchy of Lancaster, and one of the commissioners appointed to inquire into Thomas Wolsey's possessions in 1529... |
| 2 August 1547 | 1547 | 4 November 1547 | 15 April 1552 | Sir Thomas Wroth Thomas Wroth (politician, 16th century) Sir Thomas Wroth was an English courtier and politician, a supporter of the Protestant Reformation.-Life:Robert Wroth, his father, was attorney of the duchy of Lancaster, and one of the commissioners appointed to inquire into Thomas Wolsey's possessions in 1529... |
John Newdigate |
| 5 January 1553 | 1553 | 1 March 1553 | 31 March 1553 | Sir Robert Bowes Robert Bowes (lawyer) Sir Robert Bowes was an English lawyer and military commander.-Life:He was son of Sir Ralph Bowes and Marjory Conyers of South Cowton, Yorkshire, and studied law in his early years; but his ancestral connection with the Border country marked him out for employment in border affairs, where he did... |
Sir Thomas Wroth Thomas Wroth (politician, 16th century) Sir Thomas Wroth was an English courtier and politician, a supporter of the Protestant Reformation.-Life:Robert Wroth, his father, was attorney of the duchy of Lancaster, and one of the commissioners appointed to inquire into Thomas Wolsey's possessions in 1529... |
| 14 August 1553 | 1553 | 5 October 1553 | 5 December 1553 | Sir Edward Hastings | John Newdigate |
| 17 February 1554 | 1554 | 2 April 1554 | 3 May 1554 | Sir Edward Hastings | John Newdigate |
| 3 October 1554 | 1554 | 12 November 1554 | 16 January 1555 | Sir Edward Hastings | Sir Roger Cholmley |
| 3 September 1555 | 1555 | 21 October 1555 | 9 December 1555 | Sir Edward Hastings | Sir Roger Cholmley |
| 6 December 1557 | 1557/58 | 20 January 1558 | 17 November 1558 | Sir Roger Cholmley | John Newdigate |
| 5 December 1558 | 29 December 1558 | 23 January 1559 | 8 May 1559 | Sir Roger Cholmley | Sir Thomas Wroth Thomas Wroth (politician, 16th century) Sir Thomas Wroth was an English courtier and politician, a supporter of the Protestant Reformation.-Life:Robert Wroth, his father, was attorney of the duchy of Lancaster, and one of the commissioners appointed to inquire into Thomas Wolsey's possessions in 1529... |
| 10 November 1562 | 1562/63 | 11 January 1563 | 2 January 1567 | Sir William Cordell William Cordell Sir William Cordell was Solicitor General and Master of the Rolls during the reign of Queen Mary I and Speaker of the House of Commons during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.... |
Sir Thomas Wroth Thomas Wroth (politician, 16th century) Sir Thomas Wroth was an English courtier and politician, a supporter of the Protestant Reformation.-Life:Robert Wroth, his father, was attorney of the duchy of Lancaster, and one of the commissioners appointed to inquire into Thomas Wolsey's possessions in 1529... |
| unknown | 1571 | 2 April 1571 | 29 May 1571 | Francis Newdigate | John Newdigate |
| 28 March 1572 | 1572 | 8 May 1572 | 19 April 1583 | Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
Sir Owen Hopton Owen Hopton Sir Owen Hopton was an English administrator and politician.He was born the son of Sir Arthur Hopton of Cockfield Hall, Yoxford and knighted in 1561.He was the Lieutenant of the Tower of London from 1570 to 1590... |
| 12 October 1584 | 1584 | 23 November 1584 | 14 September 1585 | Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
Sir Owen Hopton Owen Hopton Sir Owen Hopton was an English administrator and politician.He was born the son of Sir Arthur Hopton of Cockfield Hall, Yoxford and knighted in 1561.He was the Lieutenant of the Tower of London from 1570 to 1590... |
| 15 September 1586 | 1586 | 15 October 1586 | 23 March 1587 | Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
William Fleetwood (III) |
| 18 September 1588 | 19 December 1588 | 4 February 1589 | 29 March 1589 | Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
William Fleetwood (III) |
| 4 January 1593 | 1593 | 18 February 1593 | 10 April 1593 | Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
Francis Bacon Francis Bacon Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Albans, KC was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England... |
| 23 August 1597 | 15 September 1597 | 24 October 1597 | 9 February 1598 | Sir Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
Sir John Peyton (I) |
| 11 September 1601 | 8 October 1601 | 27 October 1601 | 19 December 1601 | Sir John Fortescue (I) | Sir Robert Wroth Robert Wroth (Middlesex MP) -Life:Robert, born in Middlesex about 1540, was eldest son of Sir Thomas Wroth by his wife Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Rich. He was admitted a pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, on 21 April 1553, but, owing to the religious changes consequent on the accession of Mary, Queen of Scots,... (I) |
| 31 January 1604 | 1604 | 19 March 1604 | 9 February 1611 | Sir W. Fleetwood | Sir R. Wroth |
| unknown | 1614 | 5 April 1614 | 7 June 1614 | Sir Julius Caesar | Sir Thomas Lake Thomas Lake Sir Thomas Lake was Secretary of State to James I of England. He was a Member of Parliament in 1604, 1614, 1625 and 1626.... |
| 13 November 1620 | 1620/21 | 16 January 1621 | 8 February 1622 | Sir Francis Darcy | Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... |
| 20 December 1623 | 1623/24 | 12 February 1624 | 27 March 1625 | Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... |
Sir John Suckling John Suckling (politician) Sir John Suckling was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1626.Suckling was the son of Robert Suckling mayor and MP of Norwich and his wife Elizabeth Barwick, daughter of William Barwick. He entered Gray's Inn on 22 May 1590. He was elected... |
| 2 April 1625 | 1625 | 17 May 1625 | 12 August 1625 | Sir John Francklyn John Franklyn Sir John Franklyn was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1647.Franklyn was the son of Richard Franklyn and his wife Frances Roberts, daughter of Francis Roberts of Willesden. He was knighted on 2 October 1614.In 1625, Franklyn was elected... |
Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... |
| 20 December 1625 | 1626 | 6 February 1626 | 15 June 1626 | Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... |
Sir Edward Spencer |
| 31 January 1628 | 1628 | 17 March 1628 | 10 March 1629 | Sir Francis Darcy | Sir H. Spiller |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned | ||||
| 20 February 1640 | 1640 | 13 April 1640 | 5 May 1640 | Sir John Francklyn John Franklyn Sir John Franklyn was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1647.Franklyn was the son of Richard Franklyn and his wife Frances Roberts, daughter of Francis Roberts of Willesden. He was knighted on 2 October 1614.In 1625, Franklyn was elected... |
Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... |
| 24 September 1640 | 1640 | 3 November 1640 | 16 March 1660 e | Sir John Francklyn John Franklyn Sir John Franklyn was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1647.Franklyn was the son of Richard Franklyn and his wife Frances Roberts, daughter of Francis Roberts of Willesden. He was knighted on 2 October 1614.In 1625, Franklyn was elected... f |
Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1660... g |
| 18 May 1648 | Sir Edward Spencer h | ||||
Notes:-
- a Speaker of the House of Commons.
- b Wroth ceased to be an MP after 11 May 1535. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
- c Hawkes ceased to be MP by May/June 1532. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
- d Hughes ceased to be an MP after January/April 1543. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
- e In theory the Long ParliamentLong ParliamentThe Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and...
existed throughout the 1640-1660 term, as it could not be lawfully dissolved without its own consent which was not given until 1660. In practice all or part of the membership of the House of Commons were not permitted to sit for lengthy periods. Other bodies considered to be Parliaments existed within parts of the term of the Long Parliament. - f Francklyn died and a by-election was held.
- g In December 1648, Gilbert was excluded from Parliament in Pride's PurgePride's PurgePride’s Purge is an event in December 1648, during the Second English Civil War, when troops under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly removed from the Long Parliament all those who were not supporters of the Grandees in the New Model Army and the Independents...
and the seat was left vacant. - h Spencer is not recorded as having sat after Pride's PurgePride's PurgePride’s Purge is an event in December 1648, during the Second English Civil War, when troops under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly removed from the Long Parliament all those who were not supporters of the Grandees in the New Model Army and the Independents...
in December 1648.
Table of Members of the Commonwealth Parliaments 1653-1659
The County had three nominated members in the Barebones Parliament
Barebones Parliament
Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector...
, four representatives in the First
First Protectorate Parliament
The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House....
and Second
Second Protectorate Parliament
The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons...
and the usual two in the Third
Third Protectorate Parliament
The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons...
of the Protectorate Parliaments
| Summoned | Elected | Assembled | Dissolved | 1st Member | 2nd Member | 3rd Member | 4th Member |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 July 1653 | 12 December 1653 | Sir William Roberts | Augustine Wingfield | Arthur Squib | |||
| 1 June 1654 | 1654 | 3 September 1654 | 22 January 1655 | Sir James Harrington, Bt Sir James Harrington, 3rd Baronet Sir James Harrington or Harington, 3rd Baronet of Ridlington was an English Member of Parliament for Rutland and Middlesex .... |
Sir William Roberts | Josiah Berners | Edmund Harvey Edmund Harvey Edmund Harvey or Hervey was an English soldier and member of Parliament during the English Civil War, who sat as a commissioner at the Trial of King Charles I and helped to draw up the final charge... |
| 10 July 1656 | 1656 | 17 September 1656 | 4 February 1658 | Sir John Barkstead John Barkstead John Barkstead was an English Major-General and Regicide.Barkstead was a goldsmith in London; captain of parliamentary infantry under Colonel Venn; governor of Reading, 1645: commanded regiment at siege of Colchester; one of the king's judges, 1648; governor of Yarmouth, 1649, and of the Tower,... |
Sir William Roberts | Chaloner Chute Chaloner Chute Chaloner Chute was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1654 and 1659. He was Speaker briefly in 1659.... |
William Kiffen |
| 9 December 1658 | 1658/59 | 27 January 1659 | 22 April 1659 | Francis Gerard Sir Francis Gerard, 2nd Baronet Sir Francis Gerard, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1641 and 1660.... |
Chaloner Chute Chaloner Chute Chaloner Chute was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1654 and 1659. He was Speaker briefly in 1659.... |
||
Knights of the shire 1660-1885
| Year | |2nd Member | 2nd Party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1660 | Sir Lancelot Lake Lancelot Lake Sir Lancelot Lake was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1679.Lake was the son of Lancelot Lake of Canons, Little Stanmore and grandson of Sir Thomas Lake. In 1656 he settled 20 acres of land at Stanmore marsh on trustees, for them to pay £15 p.a... |
Non Partisan | Sir William Waller William Waller Sir William Waller was an English soldier during the English Civil War. He received his education at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, and served in the Venetian army and in the Thirty Years' War... |
Non Partisan | ||
| 1661 | Sir Thomas Allen Thomas Allen (English politician) Sir Thomas Allen DL, JP was an English politician, royalist and lawyer.He was the only son of Edward Allen and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of William Bennett. He was educated at Gray's Inn and then at St John's College, Oxford, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1622 and a Master of... |
Non Partisan | ||||
| 1679 | Sir Robert Peyton | Non Partisan | Sir William Roberts, Bt Sir William Roberts, 1st Baronet Sir William Roberts, 1st Baronet , of Willesden in Middlesex, was an English landowner and politician.The son of Sir William Roberts, a Member of Parliament and of Cromwell's House of Peers during the English Commonwealth, Roberts was created a baronet on 4 October 1661... |
Non Partisan | ||
| 1681 | Robert Atkyns Robert Atkyns (topographer) Sir Robert Atkyns was a topographer, antiquary, and Member of Parliament. He is best known for his county history, the Ancient and Present State of Gloucestershire.-Life:... |
Non Partisan | ||||
| 1681 | Nicholas Raynton | Non Partisan | ||||
| 1685 | Sir Charles Gerard, Bt | Non Partisan | Ralph Hawtrey | Non Partisan | ||
| 1695 English general election, 1695 -Summary of the Constituencies:See British general election, 1796 for details. The constituencies used in England and Wales were the same throughout the period... |
Edward Russell Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford Admiral of the Fleet Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford, PC was the First Lord of the Admiralty under King William III.-Naval career:... |
Non Partisan | Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt | Non Partisan | ||
| 1696 | Sir John Bucknall | Non Partisan | ||||
| 1698 English general election, 1698 -Summary of the Constituencies:See British general election, 1796 for details. The constituencies used in England and Wales were the same throughout the period... |
Warwick Lake | Non Partisan | ||||
| 1701 | Hugh Smithson | Tory | ||||
| 1701 English general election, 1701 (December) The elections held in the November and December of 1701 produced substantial gains for the Whigs, who enthusiasticaly supported the War of the Spanish Succession. The Tories had been critcised in the press for their ambivalence towards the war, and public opinion had turned against them; they... |
John Austen | Whig | ||||
| 1702 English general election, 1702 The election of 1702 was the first to be held during the reign of Queen Anne, and was necessitated by the demise of the previous monarch. The new government dominated by the Tories gained ground in the election, with the Tory party winning a substantial majority over the Whigs, owing to the... |
Hugh Smithson | Tory | ||||
| 1705 English general election, 1705 The 1705 election saw contests in 110 constituencies in England and Wales, roughly 41% of the total. The election was fiercely fought, with mob violence occurring in serveral boroughs. During the previous session of Parliament the Tories had become incrasingly unpopular, and their position was... |
Scorie Barker | Non Partisan | Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt | Non Partisan | ||
| 1709 | John Austen | Whig | ||||
| 1710 British general election, 1710 The British general election, 1710 produced a landslide victory for the Tory party in the wake of the prosecution of Henry Sacheverell and the collapse of the previous Whig government lead by Godolphin and the Whig junto... |
Hon. James Bertie | Tory | Hugh Smithson | Tory | ||
| 1722 British general election, 1722 The British general election of 1722 elected members to serve in the House of Commons of the 6th Parliament of Great Britain. This event took place following the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election was fiercely fought, with contests taking place... |
Sir John Austen, Bt. | Whig | ||||
| 1727 British general election, 1727 The British general election, 1727 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 7th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election was triggered by the death of George I; at the time elections... |
Sir Francis Child | Tory | ||||
| 1734 British general election, 1734 The British general election, 1734 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 8th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Robert Walpole's increasingly unpopular Whig government lost ground to the... |
William Pulteney William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, PC was an English politician, a Whig, created the first Earl of Bath in 1742 by King George II; he is sometimes stated to have been Prime Minister, for the shortest term ever , though most modern sources reckon that he cannot be considered to have held the... |
Whig | ||||
| 1740 | Sir Hugh Smithson, Bt Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland, KG, PC was an Engish peer, landowner and art patron.He was born Hugh Smithson, the son of Langdale Smithson and grandson of Sir Hugh Smithson, 3rd Baronet from whom he inherited the baronetcy in 1733... (later Sir Hugh Percy, Bt) a |
Tory | ||||
| 1742 | Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt Roger Newdigate Sir Roger Newdigate, 5th Baronet was an English politician and collector of antiquities.He was born in Arbury, Warwickshire, the son of Sir Richard Newdigate, 3rd Baronet and inherited the title 5th Baronet and the estates of Arbury and of Harefield in Middlesex on the early death of his brother... |
Tory | ||||
| 1747 British general election, 1747 The British general election, 1747 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 10th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election saw Henry Pelham's Whig government increase its majority and... |
Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt | Whig | Whig | |||
| 1750 | George Cooke | Tory | ||||
| 1768 British general election, 1768 The British general election, 1768 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 13th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.-Summary of the Constituencies:... |
John Wilkes John Wilkes John Wilkes was an English radical, journalist and politician.He was first elected Member of Parliament in 1757. In the Middlesex election dispute, he fought for the right of voters—rather than the House of Commons—to determine their representatives... |
Radical | ||||
| 1768 | John Glynn John Glynn John Glynn SL of Glynn was an English lawyer and Member of Parliament. Glynn was born to an ancient family of Cornish gentry. He inherited his father's estate in Glynn, Cornwall upon the deaths of his elder brother and his nephew.... |
Whig | ||||
| 1769 | Henry Luttrell Henry Luttrell, 2nd Earl of Carhampton General Henry Lawes Luttrell, 2nd Earl of Carhampton PC was a politician and soldier.-Military career:Educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, Luttrell was commissioned into the 48th Regiment of Foot in 1757. In 1762, during the Seven Years' War, he became Deputy Adjutant-General... |
Tory | ||||
| 1774 British general election, 1774 The British general election, 1774 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.-Summary of the Constituencies:... |
John Wilkes John Wilkes John Wilkes was an English radical, journalist and politician.He was first elected Member of Parliament in 1757. In the Middlesex election dispute, he fought for the right of voters—rather than the House of Commons—to determine their representatives... |
Radical | ||||
| 1779 | Thomas Wood | Whig | ||||
| 1780 British general election, 1780 The British general election, 1780 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 15th Parliament of Great Britain to be held after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707... |
George Byng George Byng (1735–1789) George Byng was a British Member of Parliament.He sat for Wigan from 1768 to 1780 and Middlesex from 1780 to his death.He was the son of Robert Byng and grandson of George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington... |
Whig | ||||
| 1784 British general election, 1784 The British general election of 1784 resulted in William Pitt the Younger securing an overall majority of about 120 in the House of Commons of Great Britain, having previously had to survive in a House which was dominated by his opponents.-Background:... |
William Mainwaring William Mainwaring (English politician) William Mainwaring was, the MP for Middlesex from 1784 and chairman of the Middlesex and Westminster Quarter Sessions for a similar period.In the 1802 General election, he was opposed by the radical Francis Burdett. Mainwaring had previously resisted Burdett's calls for an inquiry into prison... |
Tory | ||||
| 1790 British general election, 1790 The British general election, 1790 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.-Political Situation:... |
George Byng | Whig | ||||
| 1802 United Kingdom general election, 1802 The United Kingdom general election, 1802 was the election to the 2nd Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was the first to be held after the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland... |
Sir Francis Burdett, Bt Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet was an English reformist politician, the son of Francis Burdett and his wife Eleanor, daughter of William Jones of Ramsbury manor, Wiltshire, and grandson of Sir Robert Burdett, Bart... |
Whig | ||||
| 1804 | George Boulton Mainwaring George Boulton Mainwaring George Boulton Mainwaring was a Tory MP for Middlesex, a position that had also been held by his father William Mainwaring.Mainwaring is thought to have been born in 1773. He was the son of William Mainwaring.... |
Tory | ||||
| 1805 | Sir Francis Burdett, Bt Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet was an English reformist politician, the son of Francis Burdett and his wife Eleanor, daughter of William Jones of Ramsbury manor, Wiltshire, and grandson of Sir Robert Burdett, Bart... |
Whig | ||||
| 1806 | George Boulton Mainwaring George Boulton Mainwaring George Boulton Mainwaring was a Tory MP for Middlesex, a position that had also been held by his father William Mainwaring.Mainwaring is thought to have been born in 1773. He was the son of William Mainwaring.... |
Tory | ||||
| 1806 United Kingdom general election, 1806 The United Kingdom general election, 1806 was the election of members to the 3rd Parliament of the United Kingdom. This was the second general election to be held after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland.... |
William Mellish William Mellish William Mellish was an English Tory politician. He was Governor of the Bank of England from 1814 to 1816 and a Member of Parliament for Great Grimsby from 1796 to 1802 and from 1803 to 1806, then an MP for Middlesex from 1806 to 1820.... |
Tory | ||||
| 1820 United Kingdom general election, 1820 The 1820 UK general election, held shortly after the Radical War in Scotland and the Cato Street Conspiracy. In this atmosphere, the Tories under the Earl of Liverpool were able to win a substantial majority over the Whigs.... |
Samuel Charles Whitbread Samuel Charles Whitbread Samuel Charles Whitbread was a British Member of Parliament and member of the Whitbread brewing family.He was the son of Samuel Whitbread. He represented the constituency of Middlesex and was High Sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1831.His interests were astronomy and meteorology... |
Whig | ||||
| 1830 United Kingdom general election, 1830 The 1830 United Kingdom general election, was triggered by the death of King George IV and produced the first parliament of the reign of his successor, William IV. Fought in the aftermath of the Swing Riots, it saw electoral reform become a major election issue... |
Joseph Hume Joseph Hume Joseph Hume FRS was a Scottish doctor and Radical MP, born in Montrose, Angus.-Medical career:He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and moved to India in 1797... |
Radical | ||||
| 1832 United Kingdom general election, 1832 -Seats summary:-Parties and leaders at the general election:The Earl Grey had been Prime Minister since 22 November 1830. His was the first predominantly Whig administration since the Ministry of all the Talents in 1806-1807.... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1837 United Kingdom general election, 1837 The 1837 United Kingdom general election saw Robert Peel's Conservatives close further on the position of the Whigs, who won their fourth election of the decade.... |
Thomas Wood | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
||||
| 1847 | Lord Robert Grosvenor Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury PC , styled Lord Robert Grosvenor from 1831 to 1857, was a British courtier and Whig politician. He served as Comptroller of the Household between 1830 and 1834 and as Treasurer of the Household between 1846 and 1847... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1847 United Kingdom general election, 1847 -Seats summary:-References:* F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987* British Electoral Facts 1832-1999, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher *... |
Ralph Bernal Osborne Ralph Bernal Osborne Ralph Bernal Osborne, MP , born and baptised with the name of Ralph Bernal, Jr., was a British Liberal politician.-Life:... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1857 United Kingdom general election, 1857 -Seats summary:-References:*F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987* British Electoral Facts 1832-1999, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher *... |
Robert Culling Hanbury | Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1857 | Hon. George Byng George Byng, 3rd Earl of Strafford George Henry Charles Byng, 3rd Earl of Strafford , styled Viscount Enfield between 1860 and 1886, was a British Liberal politician.-Background and education:... (later Viscount Enfield) b |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1867 | Henry Labouchère Henry Labouchere Henry Du Pré Labouchère was an English politician, writer, publisher and theatre owner in the Victorian and Edwardian eras. He married the actress Henrietta Hodson.... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
||||
| 1868 United Kingdom general election, 1868 The 1868 United Kingdom general election was the first after passage of the Reform Act 1867, which enfranchised many male householders, thus greatly increasing the number of men who could vote in elections in the United Kingdom... |
Lord George Hamilton Lord George Hamilton Lord George Francis Hamilton GCSI, PC, JP was a British Conservative Party politician of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.-Background:... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
||||
| 1874 United Kingdom general election, 1874 -Seats summary:-References:* F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987* British Electoral Facts 1832-1999, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher *... |
Octavius Coope Octavius Coope Octavius Edward Coope was an English brewer and Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1847 and 1886.... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
||||
| 1885 United Kingdom general election, 1885 -Seats summary:-See also:*List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1885*Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885–1918*Representation of the People Act 1884*Redistribution of Seats Act 1885-References:... |
constituency divided | |||||
Notes:-
- a Smithson, not the same man as the former member of the same name, changed his surname to Percy before the 1741 general election.
- b Byng received the courtesy title of Viscount Enfield in 1860.
General Notes
In multi-member elections the bloc votingPlurality-at-large voting
Plurality-at-large voting is a non-proportional voting system for electing several representatives from a single multimember electoral district using a series of check boxes and tallying votes similar to a plurality election...
system was used. Voters could cast a vote for one or two candidates, as they chose. The leading candidates with the largest number of votes were elected.
In by-elections, to fill a single seat, the first past the post system applied.
After 1832, when registration of voters was introduced, a turnout figure is given for contested elections. In two-member elections, when the exact number of participating voters is unknown, this is calculated by dividing the number of votes by two. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes this will be an underestimate of turnout.
Where a party had more than one candidate in one or both of a pair of successive elections change is calculated for each individual candidate, otherwise change is based on the party vote.
Candidates for whom no party has been identified are classified as Non Partisan. The candidate might have been associated with a party or faction in Parliament or consider himself to belong to a particular political tradition. Political parties before the nineteenth century were not as cohesive or organised as they later became. Contemporary commentators (even the reputed leaders of parties or factions) in the eighteenth century did not necessarily agree who the party supporters were. The traditional parties, which had arisen in the late seventeenth century, became increasingly irrelevant to politics in the eighteenth century (particularly after 1760), although for some contests in some constituencies party labels were still used. It was only towards the end of the century that party labels began to acquire some meaning again, although this process was by no means complete for several more generations.
Sources: The results for elections 1660-1790 were taken from the History of Parliament Trust publications. The results are based on Stooks Smith from 1790 until the UK general election, 1832 and Craig from 1832. Where Stooks Smith gives additional information after 1832 this is indicated in a note.
Parliament of England
- Note (1660) vote totals unavailable
- Note (1661) vote totals unavailable
- Note (1679): Roberts was not the same man as the 1660 candidate of the same name.
- Note (1679): Smyth is referred to as Smith in House of Commons 1660-1690, but Smyth seems to be correct from Leigh Rayment's list of baronets.
- Expulsion from the House of Peyton http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=27841
- Note (1685) vote totals unavailable. Smyth is referred to as Smith in House of Commons 1660-1690, but Smyth seems to be correct from Leigh Rayment's list of baronets.
- Note (1689) vote totals unavailable
- Choice of Russell to sit for CambridgeshireCambridgeshire (UK Parliament constituency)Cambridgeshire is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Knights...
Parliament of Great Britain
- Death of Wolstenholme
- Death of Child
- Smithson (not the same person as the former MP of the same name) subsequently changed his surname to Percy
- Creation of Pulteney as 1st Earl of BathEarl of BathEarl of Bath was a title that was created five times in British history, three times in the Peerage of England, once in the Peerage of Great Britain and once Peerage of the United Kingdom...
- Succession of Percy as 2nd Earl of NorthumberlandEarl of NorthumberlandThe title of Earl of Northumberland was created several times in the Peerages of England and Great Britain, succeeding the title Earl of Northumbria. Its most famous holders were the House of Percy , who were the most powerful noble family in Northern England for much of the Middle Ages...
- Appointment of Cooke as Joint Paymaster of the ForcesPaymaster of the ForcesThe Paymaster of the Forces was a position in the British government. The office, which was established 1661 after the Restoration, was responsible for part of the financing of the British Army. The first to hold the office was Sir Stephen Fox. Before his time it had been the custom to appoint...
- Note (1768): Stooks Smith attributes 1,292 votes to Wilkes. Stooks Smith does not give candidates party labels in Middlesex until after this election.
- Death of Cooke
- Note (1768): Poll 6 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
- Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, declared incapable of being elected 3 February 1769
- Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, election declared void
- Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, election declared void 17 March 1769
- Expulsion from the House of Wilkes 14 April 1769, election declared void and Luttrell seated as the MP 15 April 1769
- Death of Glynn
- Note (1790): The George Byng who contested Middlesex elections from this year is a different person from the one who stood previously
Parliament of the United Kingdom
- Note (1802): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
- Election of Burdett declared void 9 July 1804
- Note (1804): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
- Election of Mainwearing challenged by a petition of Burdett. Mainwaring unseated and Sir Francis Burdett, BtSir Francis Burdett, 5th BaronetSir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet was an English reformist politician, the son of Francis Burdett and his wife Eleanor, daughter of William Jones of Ramsbury manor, Wiltshire, and grandson of Sir Robert Burdett, Bart...
seated on 5 March 1805. (Source: The Times (of London), edition of 6 March 1805) - Election of Burdett challenged by a petition of Mainwearing. Burdett unseated and George Boulton MainwaringGeorge Boulton MainwaringGeorge Boulton Mainwaring was a Tory MP for Middlesex, a position that had also been held by his father William Mainwaring.Mainwaring is thought to have been born in 1773. He was the son of William Mainwaring....
seated with effect from 10 February 1806. (Source: The Times (of London), edition of 10 February 1806)
- Note (1806): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
- Note (1820): Poll 12 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
- Note (1832): 5,132 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).
- Note 1 (1835): 6,046 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).
- Note 2 (1835): The Thomas Wood who contested Middlesex elections from this year is a different person from the one who was elected in 1779
- Note (1837): 9,260 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).
- Death of Byng
- Creation of Grosvenor as 1st Baron EburyBaron EburyBaron Ebury, of Ebury Manor in the County of Middlesex, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Since 1999 it is a subsidiary title of the earldom of Wilton. The peerage was created in 1857 for the Whig politician Lord Robert Grosvenor. He was the third son of Robert Grosvenor, 1st...
- Byng became known by the courtesy titleCourtesy titleA courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
of Viscount Enfield when his father became 2nd Earl of StraffordEarl of StraffordEarl of Strafford is a title that has been created three times in English and British history.The first creation was in the Peerage of England in 1640 for Thomas Wentworth, 1st Baron Wentworth, the close advisor of King Charles I...
in 1860
- Death of Hanbury
- Appointment of Hamilton as Vice-President of the Privy Council Committee on Education
- Appointment of Hamilton as First Lord of the Admiralty
- Constituency divided in the 1885 redistribution
See also
- List of former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies
- Unreformed House of CommonsUnreformed House of CommonsThe unreformed House of Commons is the name generally given to the British House of Commons as it existed before the Reform Act 1832.Until the Act of Union of 1707 joining the Kingdoms of Scotland and England , Scotland had its own Parliament, and the term refers to the House of Commons of England...
- List of Parliaments of England
- Duration of English, British and United Kingdom Parliaments from 1660Duration of English, British and United Kingdom Parliaments from 1660This article augments the lists of Parliaments to be found elsewhere with additional information which could not be conveniently incorporated in them....