Magden
Encyclopedia
Magden is a municipality
in the district of Rheinfelden
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
It is located 3 km to the south of the Rheinfelden
. Its Roman name was Magdinium, and it is the site of the ancient Magdalener spring which today serves as the water supply of the Feldschlösschen
brewery in Rheinfelden, which was recently acquired by Carlsberg.
/neolithic
village. A few, scattered Roman era
items were discovered in Magden. Two empty Alamanni
cist
graves were also found near the village. The modern municipality of Magden is first mentioned in 804 as in curte Magaduninse. The count
s of Thierstein
and then their successors the Habsburgs ruled over Magden until 1797. They owned the land and exercised the Zwing und Bann
rights over the entire village. With the Act of Mediation
in 1803, the entire Fricktal
, including Magden, joined the newly created Canton of Aargau. The first school opened in Magden in 1761.
The village church of St. Martin was built during the Frankish EmpireFränk on one. In 1036, Count Ulrich I von Lenzburg granted the patronage right over the village church to the monastery at Beromünster
. They transferred the rights in 1351 to the monastery at Olsberg. The current church was built in 1620. When the Capuchin
monastery in Rheinfelden was suppressed
in 1811, their three altars
were transferred to Magden. In 1806 the church came under the authority of the Canton of Aargau. In 1872 the majority of the villagers converted to the Christian Catholic
faith. Then, in 1906 the Christian Catholic congregation took over the church. A Catholic
church was built in 1969 and a Reformed
church was built in 1976.
Nearby Iglingen monastery and its Chapel of St. Niklaus is first mentioned in 1360. A group of Third order
lay brothers moved into the monastery grounds in 1465. The monastery church was consecrated in 1509 and in the late 16th Century a convent
for nun
s was added. The church burned in 1860, and only the choir
survived. This was converted to serve as a small chapel.
Toward the end of the 19th Century fruit (especially cherries) orchards replaced the traditional vineyards. After World War II
, the chemical industry moved into the Fricktal offering many new jobs.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. Out of the forested land, 40.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 18.3% is used for growing crops and 23.1% is pastures, while 5.7% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Rheinfelden district, in the Fricktal. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Magden and the hamlets
of Igligerhof and Deschlikon.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Argent an Apple Tree Vert fructed Gules between two Vine Trees proper staked all issuant from a base of the second. The two grapevines commemorate the finding of the remains of old Roman vineyards in the village.
(92.9%), with French
being second most common ( 1.5%) and English
being third ( 1.4%).
The age distribution, , in Magden is; 367 children or 10.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 473 teenagers or 13.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 314 people or 8.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 421 people or 12.0% are between 30 and 39, 642 people or 18.3% are between 40 and 49, and 473 people or 13.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 453 people or 12.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 258 people or 7.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 97 people or 2.8% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 15 people or 0.4% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 71.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 68 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 494 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 588 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,168 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 894 single family homes (or 63.1% of the total) out of a total of 1,416 homes and apartments. There were a total of 7 empty apartments for a 0.5% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 13.2 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 30.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(25.4%), the FDP
(14.5%) and the CVP
(13.9%).
The historical population is given in the following table:
.
there were 1,481 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,169 or about 78.9% of the residents worked outside Magden while 232 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 544 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 19.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 54.1% used a private car.
). Of the school age population , there are 281 students attending primary school, there are 125 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
Magden is home to the Mediathek Magden library. The library has 10,025 books or other media, and loaned out 32,055 items in the same year. It was open a total of 184 days with average of 9 hours per week during that year.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden (district)
Rheinfelden District lies in the northwest of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, in the Fricktal region. Its capital is Rheinfelden. Around 88% of the population live in the conurbation of Basel. There are 14 municipalities, with a population of living in an area of 112.09 km²...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
It is located 3 km to the south of the Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden is a municipality in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, seat of the district of Rheinfelden. It is located 15 kilometres east of Basel. The name means the fields of the Rhine, as the town is located on the Hochrhein. It is home to Feldschlösschen, the most popular beer in...
. Its Roman name was Magdinium, and it is the site of the ancient Magdalener spring which today serves as the water supply of the Feldschlösschen
Feldschlösschen
Feldschlösschen is a brand of beer. The brewery, located in Rheinfelden, Switzerland is the biggest brewery in Switzerland. It was bought by Carlsberg in 2000....
brewery in Rheinfelden, which was recently acquired by Carlsberg.
History
The first evidence of a human settlement is a paleolithicPaleolithic
The Paleolithic Age, Era or Period, is a prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools discovered , and covers roughly 99% of human technological prehistory...
/neolithic
Neolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
village. A few, scattered Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...
items were discovered in Magden. Two empty Alamanni
Alamanni
The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were originally an alliance of Germanic tribes located around the upper Rhine river . One of the earliest references to them is the cognomen Alamannicus assumed by Roman Emperor Caracalla, who ruled the Roman Empire from 211 to 217 and claimed thereby to be...
cist
Cist
A cist from ) is a small stone-built coffin-like box or ossuary used to hold the bodies of the dead. Examples can be found across Europe and in the Middle East....
graves were also found near the village. The modern municipality of Magden is first mentioned in 804 as in curte Magaduninse. The count
Count
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
s of Thierstein
Thierstein
Thierstein may refer to:*Thierstein , in the canton of Solothurn, Switzerland*Thierstein, Bavaria, a municipality in the district of Wunsiedel, Germany-See also:*Counts of Thierstein...
and then their successors the Habsburgs ruled over Magden until 1797. They owned the land and exercised the Zwing und Bann
Zwing und Bann
Zwing und Bann is a Swiss feudal set of rules and regulations governing justice and punishment in a village or villages. Zwing and Twing are different spellings based on the local Swiss German dialect. The magistrate or Zwingherr had legally binding rules and regulations in the exercise of low...
rights over the entire village. With the Act of Mediation
Act of Mediation
The Act of Mediation was issued by Napoleon Bonaparte on 19 February 1803 establishing the Swiss Confederation. The act also abolished the previous Helvetic Republic, which had existed since the invasion of Switzerland by French troops in 1798. After the withdrawal of French troops in July 1802,...
in 1803, the entire Fricktal
Fricktal
The Fricktal region is the northwest finger extending from the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is situated in Northwestern Switzerland east of Basel, between the High Rhine forming the border with Germany in the north and the Jura Mountains in the south. The Fricktal contains the districts of...
, including Magden, joined the newly created Canton of Aargau. The first school opened in Magden in 1761.
The village church of St. Martin was built during the Frankish EmpireFränk on one. In 1036, Count Ulrich I von Lenzburg granted the patronage right over the village church to the monastery at Beromünster
Beromünster
Beromünster is a municipality in the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009 Gunzwil became part of Beromünster.-History:...
. They transferred the rights in 1351 to the monastery at Olsberg. The current church was built in 1620. When the Capuchin
Order of Friars Minor Capuchin
The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin is an Order of friars in the Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans. The worldwide head of the Order, called the Minister General, is currently Father Mauro Jöhri.-Origins :...
monastery in Rheinfelden was suppressed
German Mediatisation
The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany between 1795 and 1814, during the latter part of the era of the French Revolution and then the Napoleonic Era....
in 1811, their three altars
Altar (Catholicism)
In the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church, the altar is where the Sacrifice of the Mass is offered. Mass may sometimes be celebrated outside a sacred place, but never without an altar, or at least an altar stone.-Precedent:...
were transferred to Magden. In 1806 the church came under the authority of the Canton of Aargau. In 1872 the majority of the villagers converted to the Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
faith. Then, in 1906 the Christian Catholic congregation took over the church. A Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
church was built in 1969 and a Reformed
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
church was built in 1976.
Nearby Iglingen monastery and its Chapel of St. Niklaus is first mentioned in 1360. A group of Third order
Third order
The term Third Order designates persons who live according to the Third Rule of a Roman Catholic religious order, an Anglican religious order, or a Lutheran religious order. Their members, known as Tertiaries, are generally lay members of religious orders, i.e...
lay brothers moved into the monastery grounds in 1465. The monastery church was consecrated in 1509 and in the late 16th Century a convent
Convent
A convent is either a community of priests, religious brothers, religious sisters, or nuns, or the building used by the community, particularly in the Roman Catholic Church and in the Anglican Communion...
for nun
Nun
A nun is a woman who has taken vows committing her to live a spiritual life. She may be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live her life in prayer and contemplation in a monastery or convent...
s was added. The church burned in 1860, and only the choir
Choir
A choir, chorale or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform.A body of singers who perform together as a group is called a choir or chorus...
survived. This was converted to serve as a small chapel.
Toward the end of the 19th Century fruit (especially cherries) orchards replaced the traditional vineyards. After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the chemical industry moved into the Fricktal offering many new jobs.
Geography
Magden has an area, , of 11.01 square kilometres (4.3 sq mi). Of this area, 5.19 km² (2 sq mi) or 47.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 4.61 km² (1.8 sq mi) or 41.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.21 km² (0.467183611896967 sq mi) or 11.0% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. Out of the forested land, 40.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 18.3% is used for growing crops and 23.1% is pastures, while 5.7% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Rheinfelden district, in the Fricktal. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Magden and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Igligerhof and Deschlikon.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Argent an Apple Tree Vert fructed Gules between two Vine Trees proper staked all issuant from a base of the second. The two grapevines commemorate the finding of the remains of old Roman vineyards in the village.
Demographics
Magden has a population of , 12.5% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 18.4%. Most of the population speaks GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(92.9%), with French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
being second most common ( 1.5%) and English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
being third ( 1.4%).
The age distribution, , in Magden is; 367 children or 10.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 473 teenagers or 13.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 314 people or 8.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 421 people or 12.0% are between 30 and 39, 642 people or 18.3% are between 40 and 49, and 473 people or 13.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 453 people or 12.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 258 people or 7.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 97 people or 2.8% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 15 people or 0.4% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 71.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 68 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 494 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 588 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,168 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 894 single family homes (or 63.1% of the total) out of a total of 1,416 homes and apartments. There were a total of 7 empty apartments for a 0.5% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 13.2 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 30.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(25.4%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(14.5%) and the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(13.9%).
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1768 | 689 |
| 1850 | 1,075 |
| 1900 | 894 |
| 1950 | 975 |
| 1960 | 1,107 |
| 2000 | 3,043 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The paleolithic/neolithic settlement at Strick is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Economy
, Magden had an unemployment rate of 1.39%. , there were 78 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 23 businesses involved in this sector. 190 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 34 businesses in this sector. 318 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 72 businesses in this sector.there were 1,481 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,169 or about 78.9% of the residents worked outside Magden while 232 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 544 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 19.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 54.1% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 837 or 27.5% were Roman Catholic, while 1,219 or 40.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 393 individuals (or about 12.91% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic faith.Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Magden about 85.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 281 students attending primary school, there are 125 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
Magden is home to the Mediathek Magden library. The library has 10,025 books or other media, and loaned out 32,055 items in the same year. It was open a total of 184 days with average of 9 hours per week during that year.