Loup Garou
Encyclopedia
Loup Garou is an album released in 1995 by Willy DeVille
Willy DeVille
Willy DeVille was an American singer and songwriter. During his thirty-five year career, first with his band Mink DeVille and later on his own, Deville created original songs rooted in traditional American musical styles. He worked with collaborators from across the spectrum of contemporary...

. First released in Europe in 1995 on the EastWest label
East West Records
East West Records is an American record label, owned by Warner Music Group, and operates under WMG's Independent Label Group.-History:...

, it was released the following year in the United States on the Discovery label
Discovery Records
Discovery Records was a United States-based record label known for its recordings of jazz music.Discovery was founded in 1948 by jazz fan and promoter Albert Marx...

. recorded in Los Angeles
Los Ángeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...

, it was and produced by John Philip Shenale
John Philip Shenale
John Philip Shenale is a Canadian composer, arranger, musician and producer based in Los Angeles. He has contributed his talents to over forty Gold and Platinum albums, and over thirty Top 40 singles. His work has also been associated with twenty-one Grammy Award nominations.-Background:Shenale...

, who also produced DeVille’s Backstreets of Desire
Backstreets of Desire
Backstreets of Desire is an album by Willy DeVille. It was recorded in various Los Angeles recording studios in 1992. To make the album, DeVille was joined by many prominent musicians, including Dr...

album.

Duet with Brenda Lee

Loup Garou includes a duet with Brenda Lee
Brenda Lee
Brenda Mae Tarpley , known as Brenda Lee, is an American performer who sang rockabilly, pop and country music, and had 37 US chart hits during the 1960s, a number surpassed only by Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Ray Charles and Connie Francis...

 (“You’ll Never Know”). DeVille said about recording with Lee:
She’s amazing, and so professional. She's just this tiny little woman who has this great big voice. I had to cool out her accent a little bit. She had a real cracker
Cracker (pejorative)
Cracker, sometimes white cracker, is a pejorative term for white people. It is an ethnic slur that is especially used for the white inhabitants of the U.S. states of Georgia and Florida , but it is also used throughout the United States.-Etymology:One theory holds that the term comes from the...

-type of accent. I guess it's gotten thicker over the years, because she didn't sound like that when she was a teenager doing "Sweet Nothing."

She didn't know who the hell I was. I just called her up, played the song for her, and she loved it. She had her business people check me out, and they reported that I was big in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

 and had been recording for twenty years. So I flew to Nashville
Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home...

, which is a very weird place. Everybody is in the music business—every cab driver, waiter and busboy.

She was very shy. I thought she didn't like me at first, but once she got into the studio and saw me with all my dogs, she realized I was a very normal person. I told her I'd seen every show she ever did in New Orleans. I was the guy in front, and I had a picture of her sitting on my lap. I had my proof. That's got to go down in my book as one of the most memorable experiences in my career.

Reviews

Allmusic said about the album, “With Loup Garou, Willie DeVille explored new rhythmic and melodic territory, experimenting with cajun
Cajun music
Cajun music, an emblematic music of Louisiana, is rooted in the ballads of the French-speaking Acadians of Canada. Cajun music is often mentioned in tandem with the Creole-based, Cajun-influenced zydeco form, both of Acadiana origin...

 and mariachi
Mariachi
Mariachi is a genre of music that originated in the State of Jalisco, in Mexico. It is an integration of stringed instruments highly influenced by the cultural impacts of the historical development of Western Mexico. Throughout the history of mariachi, musicians have experimented with brass, wind,...

 music. Not all of the songs work—frequently, Deville sounds too nervous and studied to really break free and have fun with the material—but it nevertheless is enjoyable, with enough strong songs (especially ‘You'll Never Know,’ a duet with Brenda Lee) to make it worthwhile for longtime DeVille followers.”

Musician
Musician (magazine)
Musician was a monthly magazine that covered news and information about American popular music. Initially called "Music America", it was founded in 1976 by Sam Holdsworth and Gordon Baird. The two friends borrowed $20,000 from relatives and started the publication in a barn in Colorado...

said, “Loup Garou is subtle in nuance but staggering in scope, it connects the dots between all of the artist's sacrosanct influences, often within the framework of a single song… All of it is on the money, performed from the heart….”

The Independent
The Independent
The Independent is a British national morning newspaper published in London by Independent Print Limited, owned by Alexander Lebedev since 2010. It is nicknamed the Indy, while the Sunday edition, The Independent on Sunday, is the Sindy. Launched in 1986, it is one of the youngest UK national daily...

said, "(Deville's) voice has, if anything, improved with the husky patina of age. Loup Garou builds on his trademark sub-Springsteen
Bruce Springsteen
Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen , nicknamed "The Boss," is an American singer-songwriter who records and tours with the E Street Band...

 style, adding a few Louisiana voodoo touches where appropriate, particularly on the title-track, and blending in other, more unusual textures, like the fairground sound of the optigon keyboard on "Still (I Love You Still)." He comes close to poignancy-overload on "Angels Don't Lie," where wistful uillean pipes and pennywhistle are combined with the haunting string-pad sound from "Streets of Philadelphia
Streets of Philadelphia
"Streets of Philadelphia" is an Oscar winning song, written and performed by American rock musician Bruce Springsteen for the first mainstream film on HIV/AIDS in the 1993 film, Philadelphia...

," but there's enough skill and sensitivity elsewhere to render this a more than capable comeback."

Other information

Freddy Koella, a long-time member of Willy DeVille bands, helped write one of the songs ("When You're Away from Me"). "No Such Pain as Love" presents a rare country music
Country music
Country music is a popular American musical style that began in the rural Southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from Western cowboy and folk music...

 offering by DeVille.

As well as English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

, songs on the album are sung in Cajun French
Cajun French
Cajun French is a variety or dialects of the French language spoken primarily in Louisiana, specifically in the southern and southwestern parishes....

 and Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...

. “Asi Te Amo” is a rendering of “Still (I Love You Still)” in Spanish.

The cover photograph shows Willy DeVille standing in front of Jean Lafitte
Jean Lafitte
Jean Lafitte was a pirate and privateer in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 19th century. He and his elder brother, Pierre, spelled their last name Laffite, but English-language documents of the time used "Lafitte", and this is the commonly seen spelling in the United States, including for places...

's Blacksmith Shop, located on the corner of Bourbon Street
Bourbon Street
Bourbon Street is a famous and historic street that spans the length of the French Quarter in New Orleans, Louisiana. When founded in 1718, the city was originally centered around the French Quarter...

 and St. Philip Street in New Orleans, said to be the oldest bar in the United States.

Track listing

Unless otherwise noted, all songs by Willy DeVille.
  1. “No Such Pain as Love“ - 3:43
    • Willy DeVille
      Willy DeVille
      Willy DeVille was an American singer and songwriter. During his thirty-five year career, first with his band Mink DeVille and later on his own, Deville created original songs rooted in traditional American musical styles. He worked with collaborators from across the spectrum of contemporary...

       on vocals, Freddy Koella on violin, Brian Ray
      Brian Ray
      Brian Thomas Ray is an American session musician, musical director, guitarist and singer–songwriter. He is best known for his work as a guitarist and bassist with Paul McCartney, though he has worked with an extensive list of artists in addition to his own solo career.-Early life:Brian Ray grew up...

       on guitar, John Phillip Shenale on keyboards, David Faragher
      Davey Faragher
      Davey Faragher is an American bass guitarist from Redlands, California. Faragher's career took off and received critical notice as a founding member of the nineties band, Cracker, and his following work with The Imposters, the backing band for Elvis Costello since 2001.Faragher is an accomplished...

       on bass, Michael Urbano
      Michael Urbano
      Michael Urbano is a studio drummer, band member, programmer, and record producer.One of his first gigs was as a member of Bourgeois Tagg, a 1980s band that was fronted by Brent Bourgeois and Larry Tagg and included Lyle Workman as the guitarist...

       on drums
  2. “Runnin' Through the Jungle (Shootin' the Blues)“ - 3:44
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Chris Spedding
      Chris Spedding
      Chris Spedding is an English rock and roll and jazz guitarist, best known for his session work. Allmusic states - "Spedding is one of the UK's most versatile session guitarists, and has had a long career on two continents that saw him tackle nearly every style of rock and roll, as well as...

      , Freddy Koella, and Brian Ray on guitars; David Faraghar on bass; Michael Urbano on drums and percussion; John Phillip Shenale on optigan; Efrain Toro
      Efrain Toro
      Efrain Toro is a Puerto Rican percussionist and music educator. He has written numerous books on rhythm.His main argument is that the Western form of musical notation of rhythm is a misunderstanding of the nature of music; he believes that western music's use of fixed spaces between notes does not...

       on shaker
  3. “When You're Away from Me“ – (Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille was an American singer and songwriter. During his thirty-five year career, first with his band Mink DeVille and later on his own, Deville created original songs rooted in traditional American musical styles. He worked with collaborators from across the spectrum of contemporary...

    , Freddy Koella) - 5:29
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Billy Valentine and James Gilstrap
      Jim Gilstrap
      Jim Gilstrap is an American singer best known for his work as a session musician and his 1975 solo hit single "Swing Your Daddy", as well as singing co-lead to the theme from the TV series Good Times.-Career:...

       on background vocals
  4. “Angels Don't Lie“ - 5:07
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Brian Ray on guitar, Freddy Koella on violin, John Phillip Shenale on keyboards, David Faragher on bass, Michael Urbano on drums, Efrian Toro on slit drum, Hunter Lee on penny whistle and uilleann pipes, Siobhan Maher
      Siobhan Maher Kennedy
      Siobhan Maher is an English singer and songwriter. Most notably, she was the lead vocalist of the Liverpool-based band River City People during the late 1980s and early 1990s...

       on background vocals
  5. “Still (I Love You Still)“ - 4:07
    • Willy DeVille on vocals, Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Efrian Toro on castanets, wood claps, and guiro; Jesús Guzmán and Salvador Hernandez on trumpet
  6. “White Trash Girl“ - 3:34
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums
  7. “You'll Never Know“ - 3:43
    • Willy DeVille and Brenda Lee
      Brenda Lee
      Brenda Mae Tarpley , known as Brenda Lee, is an American performer who sang rockabilly, pop and country music, and had 37 US chart hits during the 1960s, a number surpassed only by Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Ray Charles and Connie Francis...

       on vocals; Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums
  8. “Ballad of the Hoodlum Priest“ - 4:16
    • Willy DeVille on vocals;, Freddy Koella, Brian Ray, and David Keyes on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Frragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums, Efrian Toro on percussion; David Keyes, Billy Valentine, John Denham, and Will Wheaton on background vocals
  9. “Heart of a Fool“ - 4:07
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Chris Spedding and Brian Ray on guitars; Freddy Koella on mandolin; David Faraghar on bass; Michael Urbano on drums and percussion; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; Ismael Gallegos on accordion; Billy Valentine, John Denham, and Will Wheaton on background vocals
  10. “Asi Te Amo“ - 4:06
    • Willy DeVille on vocals, Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Efrian Toro on castanets, wood claps, and guiro; Jesús Guzmán and Salvador Hernandez on trumpet
  11. “Loup Garou ‘Bal Goula’” - 4:50
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Billy Valentine, John Denham, Will Wheaton, and Dixie Belle on background vocals; John Phillip Shenale and Pete Magdelano on vocal effects
  12. Time Has Come Today
    Time Has Come Today
    "Time Has Come Today" is a song recorded by The Chambers Brothers in 1966. It was then released on album in November 1967, and it spent five weeks at #11 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the fall of 1968....

    “ – (Joe Chambers, Willie Chambers
    The Chambers Brothers
    The Chambers Brothers is a soul-music group, best known for its 1968 hit record, the 11-minute long song "Time Has Come Today". The group was part of the wave of new music that integrated American blues and gospel traditions with modern psychedelic and rock elements, spawning a heady mix...

    ) - 4:07
    • Willy DeVille on vocals, Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Efrian Toro on percussion; John Phillip Shenale on background vocals
  13. “My One Desire (Vampire's Lullaby)“ - 4:04
    • Willy DeVille on vocals; Freddy Koella and Brian Ray on guitar; John Phillip Shenale on keyboards; David Faragher on bass; Michael Urbano on drums; Nancy Stein-Ross and Ernie Erhardt on cello; James Ross on viola; Scott Smalley as conductor

Personnel

  • Dixie Belle - background vocals
    Backing vocalist
    A backing vocalist or backing singer is a singer who provides vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists...

     (“Loup Garou ‘Bal Goula’”)
  • John Denham - background vocals (“Ballad of the Hoodlum Priest“)("Heart of a Fool")(“Loup Garou ‘Bal Goula’”)
  • Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille was an American singer and songwriter. During his thirty-five year career, first with his band Mink DeVille and later on his own, Deville created original songs rooted in traditional American musical styles. He worked with collaborators from across the spectrum of contemporary...

     - vocals
  • Ernie Erhardt - cello
    Cello
    The cello is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is a member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola, and double bass. Old forms of the instrument in the Baroque era are baryton and viol .A person who plays a cello is...

     (“My One Desire [Vampire's Lullaby]“)
  • David Faragher
    Davey Faragher
    Davey Faragher is an American bass guitarist from Redlands, California. Faragher's career took off and received critical notice as a founding member of the nineties band, Cracker, and his following work with The Imposters, the backing band for Elvis Costello since 2001.Faragher is an accomplished...

     - bass
    Bass guitar
    The bass guitar is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb , or by using a pick....

  • Ismael Gallegos - accordion
    Accordion
    The accordion is a box-shaped musical instrument of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as a squeezebox. A person who plays the accordion is called an accordionist....

     ("Heart of a Fool")
  • Jim Gilstrap
    Jim Gilstrap
    Jim Gilstrap is an American singer best known for his work as a session musician and his 1975 solo hit single "Swing Your Daddy", as well as singing co-lead to the theme from the TV series Good Times.-Career:...

     - background vocals (“Runnin' Through the Jungle [Shootin' the Blues])“
  • Jesús Guzmán - trumpet
    Trumpet
    The trumpet is the musical instrument with the highest register in the brass family. Trumpets are among the oldest musical instruments, dating back to at least 1500 BCE. They are played by blowing air through closed lips, producing a "buzzing" sound which starts a standing wave vibration in the air...

     (“Still [I Love You Still],“ "Asi Te Amo")
  • Salvador Hernandez - trumpet (“Still [I Love You Still],“ "Asi Te Amo")
  • David Keyes - guitar, background vocals (“Ballad of the Hoodlum Priest“)
  • Freddy Koella - guitar, mandolin
    Mandolin
    A mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family . It descends from the mandore, a soprano member of the lute family. The mandolin soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. A mandolin may have f-holes, or a single...

    , violin
    Violin
    The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

  • Brenda Lee
    Brenda Lee
    Brenda Mae Tarpley , known as Brenda Lee, is an American performer who sang rockabilly, pop and country music, and had 37 US chart hits during the 1960s, a number surpassed only by Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Ray Charles and Connie Francis...

     - vocals (“You’ll Never Know”)
  • Hunter Lee - penny whistle
    Tin whistle
    The tin whistle, also called the penny whistle, English Flageolet, Scottish penny whistle, Tin Flageolet, Irish whistle and Clarke London Flageolet is a simple six-holed woodwind instrument. It is an end blown fipple flute, putting it in the same category as the recorder, American Indian flute, and...

    , uilleann pipes
    Uilleann pipes
    The uilleann pipes or //; ) are the characteristic national bagpipe of Ireland, their current name, earlier known in English as "union pipes", is a part translation of the Irish-language term píobaí uilleann , from their method of inflation.The bag of the uilleann pipes is inflated by means of a...

     ("Angels Don't Lie")
  • Pete Magdelano - vocal effects (“Loup Garou ‘Bal Goula’”)
  • Siobhan Maher
    Siobhan Maher Kennedy
    Siobhan Maher is an English singer and songwriter. Most notably, she was the lead vocalist of the Liverpool-based band River City People during the late 1980s and early 1990s...

     - background vocals ("Angels Don't Lie")
  • Brian Ray
    Brian Ray
    Brian Thomas Ray is an American session musician, musical director, guitarist and singer–songwriter. He is best known for his work as a guitarist and bassist with Paul McCartney, though he has worked with an extensive list of artists in addition to his own solo career.-Early life:Brian Ray grew up...

     - guitar
  • James Ross - viola
    Viola
    The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.- Form :The viola is similar in material and construction to the violin. A full-size viola's body is between and longer than the body of a full-size violin , with an average...

     (“My One Desire [Vampire's Lullaby]“)
  • John Philip Shenale - percussion, keyboards
    Keyboard instrument
    A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument which is played using a musical keyboard. The most common of these is the piano. Other widely used keyboard instruments include organs of various types as well as other mechanical, electromechanical and electronic instruments...

    , background vocals, optigan
    Optigan
    The Optigan was an electronic keyboard instrument designed for the consumer market. The name stems from the instrument's reliance on pre-recorded optical soundtracks to reproduce sound...

  • Chris Spedding
    Chris Spedding
    Chris Spedding is an English rock and roll and jazz guitarist, best known for his session work. Allmusic states - "Spedding is one of the UK's most versatile session guitarists, and has had a long career on two continents that saw him tackle nearly every style of rock and roll, as well as...

     - guitar ("Heart of a Fool," "No Such Pain as Love")
  • Nancy Stein-Ross - cello
    Cello
    The cello is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is a member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola, and double bass. Old forms of the instrument in the Baroque era are baryton and viol .A person who plays a cello is...

     (“My One Desire [Vampire's Lullaby]“)
  • Efrain Toro
    Efrain Toro
    Efrain Toro is a Puerto Rican percussionist and music educator. He has written numerous books on rhythm.His main argument is that the Western form of musical notation of rhythm is a misunderstanding of the nature of music; he believes that western music's use of fixed spaces between notes does not...

     - percussion, shakuhachi
    Shakuhachi
    The is a Japanese end-blown flute. It is traditionally made of bamboo, but versions now exist in ABS and hardwoods. It was used by the monks of the Fuke school of Zen Buddhism in the practice of...

    , castanet
    Castanet
    Castanets are a percussion instrument , used in Moorish, Ottoman, ancient Roman, Italian, Spanish, Sephardic Music, and Portuguese music. The instrument consists of a pair of concave shells joined on one edge by a string. They are held in the hand and used to produce clicks for rhythmic accents or...

    s, drums, clapping, shaker
    Shaker (percussion)
    The word shaker describes a large number of percussive musical instruments used for creating rhythm in music.They are so called because the method of creating sound involves shaking them—moving them back and forth rather than striking them. Most may also be struck for a greater accent on certain...

    , güiro
    Güiro
    The güiro is a Latin-American percussion instrument consisting of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. It is played by rubbing a stick or tines along the notches to produce a ratchet-like sound. The güiro is commonly used in Latin-American music, and plays a key role...

    , wood clapper
    Clapper (musical instrument)
    A clapper is a basic form of percussion instrument. It consists of two long solid pieces that are clapped together producing sound. A straightforward instrument to produce and play, they exist in many forms in many different cultures around the world. Clappers can take a number of forms and be made...

  • Michael Urbano
    Michael Urbano
    Michael Urbano is a studio drummer, band member, programmer, and record producer.One of his first gigs was as a member of Bourgeois Tagg, a 1980s band that was fronted by Brent Bourgeois and Larry Tagg and included Lyle Workman as the guitarist...

     - percussion, drums, tambourine
    Tambourine
    The tambourine or marine is a musical instrument of the percussion family consisting of a frame, often of wood or plastic, with pairs of small metal jingles, called "zils". Classically the term tambourine denotes an instrument with a drumhead, though some variants may not have a head at all....

    , cowbell
  • Billy Valentine - background vocals
  • Will Wheaton - background vocals

Production

  • Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille
    Willy DeVille was an American singer and songwriter. During his thirty-five year career, first with his band Mink DeVille and later on his own, Deville created original songs rooted in traditional American musical styles. He worked with collaborators from across the spectrum of contemporary...

     - producer
    Record producer
    A record producer is an individual working within the music industry, whose job is to oversee and manage the recording of an artist's music...

  • John Carter - mixing
    Audio mixing (recorded music)
    In audio recording, audio mixing is the process by which multiple recorded sounds are combined into one or more channels, most commonly two-channel stereo. In the process, the source signals' level, frequency content, dynamics, and panoramic position are manipulated and effects such as reverb may...

     ("Loop Garou 'Bal Goula,'" "Ballad of the Hoodlum Priest")
  • John Hendrickson - assistant engineer (Schnee Studio)
  • John Beverly Jones - recording engineer
    Audio engineering
    An audio engineer, also called audio technician, audio technologist or sound technician, is a specialist in a skilled trade that deals with the use of machinery and equipment for the recording, mixing and reproduction of sounds. The field draws on many artistic and vocational areas, including...

  • Ray Kennedy - recording engineer
  • Kirschstein and partner: cover design
  • Pete Magdaleno - assistant engineer (Nut Ranch, Track Record)
  • McDermott and McGough - photography
    Photography
    Photography is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film...

  • Raquella Rios - Spanish
    Spanish language
    Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...

     coach
  • Doug Saks – mastering
    Audio mastering
    Mastering, a form of audio post-production, is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing the final mix to a data storage device ; the source from which all copies will be produced...

  • Al Schmitt
    Al Schmitt
    Al Schmitt is a recording engineer and record producer.-Early career:Schmitt grew up in New York City. After serving in the U.S. Navy he began working at Apex Recording Studios at the age of 19. In the late 1950's Schmitt moved to Los Angeles and became a staff engineer at Radio Recorders on Santa...

    - mixing
  • John Philip Shenale - producer
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