Lois Lowry
Encyclopedia
Lois Lowry is an American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 author
Author
An author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...

 of children's literature
Children's literature
Children's literature is for readers and listeners up to about age twelve; it is often defined in four different ways: books written by children, books written for children, books chosen by children, or books chosen for children. It is often illustrated. The term is used in senses which sometimes...

. She began her career as a photographer and a freelance journalist during the early 1970s. Her work as a journalist drew the attention of Houghton Mifflin
Houghton Mifflin
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is an educational and trade publisher in the United States. Headquartered in Boston's Back Bay, it publishes textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, reference works, and fiction and non-fiction for both young readers and adults.-History:The company was...

 and they encouraged her to write her first children's book, A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die was Lois Lowry's first novel, chronicling a year in the lives of Meg and Molly Chalmers. It was also her first children's book.-Synopsis:Meg, the younger of the two sisters, is the story's narrator and primary protagonist...

, which was published in 1977 (when Lowry was 40 years old). She has since written more than 30 books for children and published an autobiography. Two of her works have been awarded the prestigious Newbery Medal
Newbery Medal
The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children, a division of the American Library Association . The award is given to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children. The award has been given since 1922. ...

: Number the Stars
Number the Stars
Number the Stars is a work of historical fiction about the Holocaust of the Second World War by award-winning author Lois Lowry. The story centers around ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen, who lived in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1943 and was caught up in the events surrounding the rescue of the Danish...

 in 1990, and The Giver
The Giver
The Giver is a 1993 soft science fiction novel by Lois Lowry. It is set in a society which is at first presented as a utopian society and gradually appears more and more dystopian. The novel follows a boy named Jonas through the twelfth year of his life...

 in 1993.

As an author, Lowry is known for writing about difficult subject matters within her works for children. She has explored such complex issues as racism
Racism
Racism is the belief that inherent different traits in human racial groups justify discrimination. In the modern English language, the term "racism" is used predominantly as a pejorative epithet. It is applied especially to the practice or advocacy of racial discrimination of a pernicious nature...

, terminal illness
Terminal illness
Terminal illness is a medical term popularized in the 20th century to describe a disease that cannot be cured or adequately treated and that is reasonably expected to result in the death of the patient within a short period of time. This term is more commonly used for progressive diseases such as...

, murder
Murder
Murder is the unlawful killing, with malice aforethought, of another human being, and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide...

, and the Holocaust among other challenging topics. She has also explored very controversial issues of questioning authority such as in The Giver
The Giver
The Giver is a 1993 soft science fiction novel by Lois Lowry. It is set in a society which is at first presented as a utopian society and gradually appears more and more dystopian. The novel follows a boy named Jonas through the twelfth year of his life...

 Trilogy. Her writing on such matters has brought her both praise and criticism. In particular, her work The Giver has been met with a diversity of reactions from schools in America, some of which have adopted her book as a part of the mandatory curriculum, while others have prohibited the book's inclusion in classroom studies.

Biography

Lowry was born on March 20, 1937, in Honolulu, Hawaii
Hawaii
Hawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states , and is the only U.S. state made up entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of...

, to parents Robert and Katharine (Landis) Hammersberg. Initially, Lois' parents named her "Cena" for her Norwegian
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

 grandmother but upon hearing this, her grandmother telegraphed and instructed Lois' parents that the child should have an American name. Her parents chose the names Lois and Ann, which were the names of her father's sisters.

Lowry was born the middle of three children. She had an older sister, Helen, and a younger brother Jon. Helen, three years older than Lois, died in 1962 at the age of 28. This experience informed Lowry's first book
Book
A book is a set or collection of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of hot lava, paper, parchment, or other materials, usually fastened together to hinge at one side. A single sheet within a book is called a leaf or leaflet, and each side of a leaf is called a page...

 A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die was Lois Lowry's first novel, chronicling a year in the lives of Meg and Molly Chalmers. It was also her first children's book.-Synopsis:Meg, the younger of the two sisters, is the story's narrator and primary protagonist...

 which is about a young girl who tragically loses her older sister (which is also a subplot of Number the Stars
Number the Stars
Number the Stars is a work of historical fiction about the Holocaust of the Second World War by award-winning author Lois Lowry. The story centers around ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen, who lived in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1943 and was caught up in the events surrounding the rescue of the Danish...

). Lowry's brother Jon is six years younger than she and grew up to be a doctor. He and Lois continue to enjoy a close relationship.

Lowry's father was a career military officer - an Army dentist
Dentist
A dentist, also known as a 'dental surgeon', is a doctor that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity. The dentist's supporting team aides in providing oral health services...

 , - whose work moved the family all over the United States and to many parts of the world. Lowry and her family moved from Hawaii to Brooklyn
Brooklyn
Brooklyn is the most populous of New York City's five boroughs, with nearly 2.6 million residents, and the second-largest in area. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, which is now the most populous county in New York State and the second-most densely populated...

, New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

, in 1939 when Lowry was two years old and later relocated to her mother's hometown, Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Carlisle is a borough in and the county seat of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The name is traditionally pronounced with emphasis on the second syllable. Carlisle is located within the Cumberland Valley, a highly productive agricultural region. As of the 2010 census, the borough...

, in 1942 when Lowry's father was deployed to the Pacific during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

. Lowry's father served on a hospital ship
Hospital ship
A hospital ship is a ship designated for primary function as a floating medical treatment facility or hospital; most are operated by the military forces of various countries, as they are intended to be used in or near war zones....

 called the USS Hope
USS Hope (AH-7)
USS Hope was a launched under Maritime Commission contract by Consolidated Steel Corporation, Wilmington, California, 30 August 1943; sponsored by Miss Martha L. Floyd; acquired by the Navy the same day for conversion to a hospital ship by U.S. Naval Dry Dock, Terminal Island, Calif.; and...

 and on the island of Tinian
Tinian
Tinian is one of the three principal islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.-Geography:Tinian is about 5 miles southwest of its sister island, Saipan, from which it is separated by the Saipan Channel. It has a land area of 39 sq.mi....

 during the war.

Following World War II, Lowry and her family moved to Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...

, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

, where her father was stationed from 1948-1950. Lowry went through junior high school at the Tokyo American School at Meguro
American School in Japan
The American School in Japan was founded in 1902 and is an international private day school located in the city of Chōfu, Tokyo, Japan. The school consists of an elementary school, a middle school, and a high school, all located on the Chōfu campus...

, a special school for the children of military families, and then returned to the United States to attend high school. Lowry and her family briefly lived in Carlisle again in 1950 before moving to Fort Jay
Fort Jay
Fort Jay is a harbor fortification and the name of the former Army post located on Governors Island in New York Harbor. Fort Jay is the oldest defensive structure on the island, built to defend Upper New York Bay, but has served other purposes...

 at Governors Island
Governors Island
Governors Island is a island in Upper New York Bay, approximately one-half mile from the southern tip of Manhattan Island and separated from Brooklyn by Buttermilk Channel. It is legally part of the borough of Manhattan in New York City...

, New York, where Lois attended Curtis High School
Curtis High School
Curtis High School operated by the New York City Department of Education is one of seven public high schools located in Staten Island, New York City, New York. It was founded on February 9, 1904 and was the first high school on Staten Island.-History:...

 on Staten Island
Staten Island
Staten Island is a borough of New York City, New York, United States, located in the southwest part of the city. Staten Island is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay...

. In 1952, Lois entered Packer Collegiate Institute
Packer Collegiate Institute
Packer Collegiate Institute is an independent college preparatory school for students from prekindergarten through grade 12. Formerly the Brooklyn Female Academy, Packer has been located at 170 Joralemon Street in the historic district of Brooklyn Heights since its founding in 1845.- History :A...

 in Brooklyn Heights, New York, where she finished high school. Lowry entered Brown University
Brown University
Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III ,...

 in 1954. She attended for two years until her marriage at age 19 to Donald Lowry, a U.S. Navy officer, in 1956. Together they had four children: daughters Alix and Kristin, and sons Grey and Benjamin.

The Lowrys moved quite frequently in their early years of marriage due to Donald's military career. They lived in California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...

, Connecticut
Connecticut
Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...

 (where Alix was born), Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...

 (where Grey was born), South Carolina
South Carolina
South Carolina is a state in the Deep South of the United States that borders Georgia to the south, North Carolina to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Originally part of the Province of Carolina, the Province of South Carolina was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence...

, and finally Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...

 (where Kristin and Benjamin were born). The family settled in Cambridge after Donald left military service to attend Harvard Law School. After Donald Lowry finished law school, the family moved to Portland, Maine
Portland, Maine
Portland is the largest city in Maine and is the county seat of Cumberland County. The 2010 city population was 66,194, growing 3 percent since the census of 2000...

.

As her children became older, Lowry found time to complete her degree in English literature from the University of Southern Maine in Portland in 1972. After earning her B.A., she pursued graduate studies at her alma mater. It was during this coursework that she was introduced to photography, which became a life-long passion as well as a profession. Her specialty was child photography, but she also took pictures to accompany the articles she submitted as a freelance journalist. It was while working on a freelance journalism piece for Redbook
Redbook
Redbook is an American women's magazine published by the Hearst Corporation. It is one of the "Seven Sisters", a group of women's service magazines.-History:...

 magazine that Lowry got her first book opportunity, when the article she wrote caught the attention of an editor at Houghton Mifflin
Houghton Mifflin
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is an educational and trade publisher in the United States. Headquartered in Boston's Back Bay, it publishes textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, reference works, and fiction and non-fiction for both young readers and adults.-History:The company was...

 publishing. The story Lowry had written for the magazine was meant for adults but was written through the eyes of a child. The editor at Houghton Mifflin recognized an upcoming talent and suggested that Lowry write a children's book. She agreed and wrote A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die
A Summer to Die was Lois Lowry's first novel, chronicling a year in the lives of Meg and Molly Chalmers. It was also her first children's book.-Synopsis:Meg, the younger of the two sisters, is the story's narrator and primary protagonist...

 which was published in 1977. As Lowry nurtured her budding careers, she and Donald Lowry found they were no longer compatible; they divorced in 1977 when Lowry was 40 years old. Lowry said the following of these transitional years of her life: "My children grew up in Maine. So did I. I returned to college at the University of Southern Maine
University of Southern Maine
The University of Southern Maine is a multi-campus public urban comprehensive university and part of the University of Maine System. USM's three primary campuses are located in Portland, Gorham, and Lewiston...

, got my degree, went to graduate school, and finally began to write professionally, the thing I had dreamed of doing since those childhood years when I had endlessly scribbled stories and poems in notebooks."

Writing about both funny things and serious issues has sustained Lois Lowry through her own hard times. Her son Grey was killed in the crash of his fighter plane in 1995. Lowry has acknowledged that this was the most difficult day of her life, but through her steady work as an author, she has persevered. Lowry said, "His death in the cockpit of a warplane tore away a piece of my world. But it left me, too, with a wish to honor him by joining the many others trying to find a way to end conflict on this very fragile earth."

Today, Lois Lowry remains active by not only continuing to write and speaking at appearances, but also enjoying time at her homes in Massachusetts and Maine. Lois takes pleasure in reading, knitting, gardening, and entertaining her four grandchildren.

Lowry wrote of her hope for the future recently on her blog, "I am a grandmother now. For my own grandchildren - and for all those of their generation - I try, through writing, to convey my passionate awareness that we live intertwined on this planet and that our future depends upon our caring more, and doing more, for one another."

Lowry has suggested that she is religious, but not so religious as "to have a favorite psalm."

The Giver Trilogy

  • 1993 The Giver
    The Giver
    The Giver is a 1993 soft science fiction novel by Lois Lowry. It is set in a society which is at first presented as a utopian society and gradually appears more and more dystopian. The novel follows a boy named Jonas through the twelfth year of his life...

    , winner of the 1994 Newbery Medal
    Newbery Medal
    The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children, a division of the American Library Association . The award is given to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children. The award has been given since 1922. ...

  • 2000 Gathering Blue
    Gathering Blue
    Gathering Blue is a 2000 children's, social science fiction, dystopian novel by noted children's author Lois Lowry. The book is a companion novel to The Giver , and is followed by Messenger in The Giver trilogy. It is set in the same future time period and it treats some of the same themes...

  • 2004 Messenger
    Messenger (novel)
    Messenger is a 2004 novel by children's author Lois Lowry. It forms the third installment of the loose trilogy begun by her 1993 novel The Giver, which won the 1994 Newbery Medal. This novel is speculated to take place in the year 2073, about eight years after the events of The Giver, and about six...


The Anastasia Series

  • 1979 Anastasia Krupnik
    Anastasia Krupnik
    Anastasia Krupnik is the first book of a popular series of middle-grade novels by Lois Lowry, depicting the title character's life as a girl "just trying to grow up." Anastasia deals with everyday problems such as popularity and the wart on her thumb. The book is written in episodic fashion, each...

     ISBN 0-440-40852-0
  • 1981 Anastasia Again!
    Anastasia Again!
    Anastasia Again! is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of her Anastasia and Sam series and the sequel to Anastasia Krupnik.- Reviews :...

  • 1982 Anastasia at Your Service
    Anastasia at Your Service
    Anastasia At Your Service is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books Lois Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam. The first edition was illustrated by Diane De Groat.-Plot summary:...

  • 1984 Anastasia, Ask Your Analyst
    Anastasia, Ask Your Analyst
    Anastasia, Ask Your Analyst is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger bother Sam.-Plot summary:...

  • 1985 Anastasia on Her Own
    Anastasia on Her Own
    Anastasia on Her Own is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.-Plot summary:...

  • 1986 Anastasia Has the Answers
    Anastasia Has the Answers
    Anastasia Has the Answers is a young-adult novel Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger bother Sam.- External links :* Description from Lowry's website.** by Lowry...

  • 1987 Anastasia's Chosen Career
    Anastasia's Chosen Career
    Anastasia's Chosen Career is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.- Review :...

  • 1991 Anastasia at This Address
    Anastasia at This Address
    Anastasia at This Address is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.- Plot summary :...

  • 1995 Anastasia Absolutely
    Anastasia Absolutely
    Anastasia Absolutely is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.-Critical reception:...


The Sam Series

  • 1988 All About Sam
    All about Sam
    All about Sam is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.-Plot summary:Sam is a mischievous little boy, but mostly curious...

  • 1992 Attaboy Sam!
    Attaboy Sam!
    Attaboy Sam! is a young-adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother Sam.- Plot summary:...

  • 1996 See You Around, Sam!
    See You Around, Sam!
    See You Around, Sam is a young-adult novel Lois Lowry. It is part of a series of books that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger brother, Sam.- Plot summary:...

  • 1999 Zooman Sam
    Zooman Sam
    Zooman Sam is a young adult novel by Lois Lowry. It is part of a series that Lowry wrote about Anastasia and her younger bother Sam.-Plot summary:...

    .

The Tates Series

  • 1983 The One Hundredth Thing About Caroline
  • 1985 Switcharound
  • 1990 Your Move, J.P.!

The Gooney Bird Series

  • 2002 Gooney Bird Greene
    Gooney Bird Greene
    Gooney Bird Greene is the first of a series of children's novels by Lois Lowry concerning the storytelling abilities of a second-grade girl. It was illustrated by Middy Thomas.-Plot:...

    -winner of Rhode Island Children's Book Award
  • 2006 Gooney Bird and the Room Mother
    Gooney Bird and the Room Mother
    Gooney Bird and the Room Mother is a novel by Lois Lowry.-External links:*...

  • 2007 Gooney the Fabulous
  • 2009 Gooney Bird Is So Absurd

Others

  • 1977 A Summer to Die
    A Summer to Die
    A Summer to Die was Lois Lowry's first novel, chronicling a year in the lives of Meg and Molly Chalmers. It was also her first children's book.-Synopsis:Meg, the younger of the two sisters, is the story's narrator and primary protagonist...

  • 1978 Here in Kennebunkport
  • 1978 Find a Stranger, Say Goodbye
  • 1980 Autumn Street
    Autumn Street
    Autumn Street is a 1980 novel by two-time Newbery Award-winning author Lois Lowry.There were things to be afraid of in the woods at the end of Autumn Street. But the year she went to live in her grandfather's big house - when her father went off to fight in World War II- Elizabeth couldn't put a...

  • 1983 Taking Care of Terrific
  • 1984 Us and Uncle Fraud
  • 1987 Rabble Starkey
    Rabble Starkey
    Rabble Starkey is a novel by Lois Lowry. It won the 1987 Josette Frank Award.In the novel, 12-year-old Rabble Starkey's mother is hired by Mrs. Bigelow to look after her children while she's in the hospital...

  • 1989 Number the Stars
    Number the Stars
    Number the Stars is a work of historical fiction about the Holocaust of the Second World War by award-winning author Lois Lowry. The story centers around ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen, who lived in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1943 and was caught up in the events surrounding the rescue of the Danish...

    , winner of the 1990 Newbery Medal
    Newbery Medal
    The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children, a division of the American Library Association . The award is given to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children. The award has been given since 1922. ...

  • 1997 Stay! Keeper's Story
  • 2003 Silent Boy
    Silent Boy
    The Silent Boy was written by Lois Lowry and was published in 2003. Categorized as both a young adult novel and historical fiction, The Silent Boy is set in a 20th-century farm community. The story was inspired by a pile of photos that Lowry found and which are interspersed throughout the narrative...

  • 2006 Gossamer
    Gossamer (novel)
    Gossamer is a novel with elements of both fantasy and realism for young adults by Lois Lowry.- Plot summary :The book's omniscient point of view, Littlest One, affectionately called Littlest, is out on a dark night...

  • 2008 The Willoughbys
  • 2009 Crow Call
  • 2010 The Birthday Ball

External links

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