The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia , also known as the Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilician Armenia or New Armenia, was an independent principality formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia...

 was a state formed in the Middle Ages

Middle Ages

The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

 by Armenian refugees, who were fleeing the Seljuk

Great Seljuq Empire

The Great Seljuq Empire was a medieval Persianate, Turko-Persian Sunni Muslim empire, originating from the Qynyq branch of Oghuz Turks. The Seljuq Empire controlled a vast area stretching from the Hindu Kush to eastern Anatolia and from Central Asia to the Persian Gulf...

 invasion of Armenia. It was initially founded by the Rubenian dynasty, an offshoot of the larger Bagratid family

Origin of the Bagratid dynasties

The Origin of the Bagratid dynasties – Bagratuni in Armenia and Bagrationi in Georgia – were the longest-reigning royal families in the Caucasus , starting as princely houses and attaining to the royal status in both countries in the 9th century...

 that at various times held the thrones of Armenia and Georgia

Georgia (country)

Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...

. While the Rubenian rulers were initially regional princes, their close ties with the Western world after the First Crusade

First Crusade

The First Crusade was a military expedition by Western Christianity to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquest of the Levant, ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem...

 saw the principality recognised as a kingdom under Leo I by the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...

 in 1198. The Rubenid dynasty fell in 1252 after the death of the last Rubenid monarch Queen Isabella

Isabella of Armenia

Isabella of Armenia or Zabel of Armenia may refer to:* Isabella of Armenia , ruled the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1219 to 1252, married to Hetoum I* Sibylla of Armenia , daughter of Queen Isabella and King Hetoum I...

, and her husband Hethum I became sole ruler, beginning the Hethumid dynasty

Hethumids

The Hethumids , also known as the House of Lampron , were the rulers of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1226 to 1373...

. After the death of Leo IV in 1341 his cousin Guy du Lusignan was elected to replace him as Constantine II, the first king of the Lusignan dynasty. The kingdom fell at the beginning of Leo V's reign to the Mamluk

Mamluk

A Mamluk was a soldier of slave origin, who were predominantly Cumans/Kipchaks The "mamluk phenomenon", as David Ayalon dubbed the creation of the specific warrior...

s, and henceforth rulers were only claimants to the throne. After Charlotte of Cyprus

Charlotte of Cyprus

Charlotte , was Queen of Cyprus and Princess of Antioch, as well as titular Queen of Jerusalem and Armenia.She was the eldest and only surviving daughter of King John II of Cyprus and Helena Palaiologina. At the age of 14, she succeeded to the Cypriot throne upon the death of her father in 1458...

 ceded the throne to the House of Savoy

House of Savoy

The House of Savoy was formed in the early 11th century in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, it grew from ruling a small county in that region to eventually rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until the end of World War II, king of Croatia and King of Armenia...

 in 1485, the title fell out of use until after 1861.

Name	Period of rule	Status	Dynasty
Ruben I	1080–1095	Prince	Rubenids
Constantine I	1095–1102	Prince	Rubenids
Thoros I	1102–1129	Prince	Rubenids
Constantine II	1129	Prince	Rubenids
Leo I	1129–1140	Prince	Rubenids
Thoros II	1140–1169	Prince	Rubenids
Ruben II	1169–1170	Prince	Rubenids
Mleh	1170–1175	Prince	Rubenids
Ruben III	1175–1187	Prince	Rubenids
Leo I	1187–1219	Prince, then King	Rubenids
Isabella Isabella of Armenia Isabella of Armenia or Zabel of Armenia may refer to:* Isabella of Armenia , ruled the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1219 to 1252, married to Hetoum I* Sibylla of Armenia , daughter of Queen Isabella and King Hetoum I...	1219–1252	Queen and co-ruler	Rubenids
Hethum I	1226–1270	King and co-ruler	Hethumids Hethumids The Hethumids , also known as the House of Lampron , were the rulers of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1226 to 1373...
Leo II	1270–1289	King	Hethumids
Hethum II	1289 - 1293 1294 - 1297 1299 - 1307	King, then co-ruler	Hethumids
Thoros III	1293–1298	King, then co-ruler	Hethumids
Sempad	1297–1299	King	Hethumids
Constantine I	1299	King	Hethumids
Leo III	1301–1307	King, then co-ruler	Hethumids
Oshin	1307–1320	King	Hethumids
Oshin of Korikos Oshin of Korikos Oshin of Korikos served as regent of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1320 to 1329. He was the son of the historian Hayton of Korikos. He became regent for Leo IV on the death of King Oshin in 1320, whom he was rumoured to have poisoned...	1320–1329	Regent	Hethumids
Leo IV	1320–1341	King	Hethumids
Constantine II	1342–1344	King	Lusignan
Constantine III	1344–1362	King	Lusignan
Constantine IV	1362–1373	King	Lusignan
Leo V	1374–1396	King, then claimant	Lusignan
James I James I of Cyprus James I of Cyprus was Regent of Cyprus for his infant nephew Peter from 1369. When Peter died in 1382, James became King of Cyprus that year...	1396–1398	Claimant	Lusignan
Janus Janus of Cyprus Janus of Cyprus was a King of Cyprus, King of Armenia and a Titular King of Jerusalem from 1398 to 1432.-Biography:He was born in Genoa where his father, King James I of Cyprus was a captive...	1398–1432	Claimant	Lusignan
John John II of Cyprus John II or III of Cyprus was the King of Cyprus and Armenia and also titular King of Jerusalem from 1432 to 1458. He was previously a Titular Prince of Antioch...	1432–1458	Claimant	Lusignan
Charlotte Charlotte of Cyprus Charlotte , was Queen of Cyprus and Princess of Antioch, as well as titular Queen of Jerusalem and Armenia.She was the eldest and only surviving daughter of King John II of Cyprus and Helena Palaiologina. At the age of 14, she succeeded to the Cypriot throne upon the death of her father in 1458...	1458–1467	Claimant	Lusignan
Title passes to the House of Savoy House of Savoy The House of Savoy was formed in the early 11th century in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, it grew from ruling a small county in that region to eventually rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until the end of World War II, king of Croatia and King of Armenia...