List of Swedish scientists
Encyclopedia
Chemistry
- Johan August ArfwedsonJohan August ArfwedsonJohan August Arfwedson was a Swedish chemist who discovered the chemical element lithium in 1817 by isolating it as a salt.- Life and work :...
, (1792-1841), chemist - Svante ArrheniusSvante ArrheniusSvante August Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry...
, (1859-1927), chemist and physicist - Jöns Jakob BerzeliusJöns Jakob BerzeliusJöns Jacob Berzelius was a Swedish chemist. He worked out the modern technique of chemical formula notation, and is together with John Dalton, Antoine Lavoisier, and Robert Boyle considered a father of modern chemistry...
, (1779-1848), chemist - Lars ErnsterLars ErnsterLars Ernster was a professor of biochemistry, and a member of the Board of the Nobel Foundation- Biography :Lars Ernster was born in Hungary and came to Sweden 1946. He played a prominent role in the scientific community. He took his Ph.D. degree at the Stockholm University in 1956...
, (1920-1998), biochemistry, member of the Board of the Nobel FoundationNobel FoundationThe Nobel Foundation is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes. The Foundation is based on the last will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite.... - Alfred NobelAlfred NobelAlfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer. He is the inventor of dynamite. Nobel also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannon and other armaments...
, (1833-1896), chemist and founder of the Nobel PrizeNobel PrizeThe Nobel Prizes are annual international awards bestowed by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, established the prizes in 1895...
s - Carl Wilhelm ScheeleCarl Wilhelm ScheeleCarl Wilhelm Scheele was a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist. Isaac Asimov called him "hard-luck Scheele" because he made a number of chemical discoveries before others who are generally given the credit...
, (1742-1786), chemist - Nils kuko Gabriel Sefström, (1787-1845), chemist
- Theodor SvedbergTheodor SvedbergTheodor H. E. Svedberg was a Swedish chemist and Nobel laureate, active at Uppsala University. His work with colloids supported the theories of Brownian motion put forward by Einstein and the Polish geophysicist Marian Smoluchowski...
, (1884-1971), chemist
Engineering
- Nils AlwallNils AlwallNils Alwall , a Swedish professor, was a pioneer in hemodialysis and the inventor of one of the first practical dialysis machines. Alwall pioneered the technique of ultrafiltration and introduced the principle of hemofiltration...
, (1904-86), inventor and engineer - Arne AsplundArne AsplundDr. Arne Asplund invented the Defibrator pulping refiner and the defibrator-method for pulping wooden chips in 1930s...
(1903-1993), inventor and engineer - Nils BohlinNils BohlinNils Ivar Bohlin was a Swedish inventor who invented the three-point safety belt while working at Volvo....
, (1920-2002), inventor and engineer - Gustaf DalénGustaf DalénNils Gustaf Dalén was a Swedish Nobel Laureate and industrialist, the founder of the AGA company and inventor of the AGA cooker and the Dalén light...
, (1869-1937), inventor and engineer - Rune ElmqvistRune ElmqvistRune Elmqvist developed the first implantable pacemaker in 1958, working under the direction of Åke Senning, senior physician and cardiac surgeon at the Karolinska University Hospital in Solna, Sweden....
, (1906-1996), inventor and engineer - John EricssonJohn EricssonJohn Ericsson was a Swedish-American inventor and mechanical engineer, as was his brother Nils Ericson. He was born at Långbanshyttan in Värmland, Sweden, but primarily came to be active in England and the United States...
, (1803-1889), inventor and engineer - Lars Magnus EricssonLars Magnus EricssonLars Magnus Ericsson was a Swedish inventor, entrepreneur and founder of telephone equipment manufacturer Ericsson ....
, (1846-1926), inventor and engineer - Bengt Gadefelt, (1924-2001), inventor and engineer
- Carl Edvard JohanssonCarl Edvard JohanssonCarl Edvard Johansson was a Swedish inventor and scientist.Johansson invented the gauge block set, also known as "Jo Blocks" . He was granted his first Swedish patent on 2 May 1901, Swedish patent No. 17017 called "Gauge Block Sets for Precision Measurement". He formed the Swedish company CE...
, (1864-1943), inventor and engineer - Johan Petter JohanssonJohan Petter JohanssonJohan Petter Johansson , sometimes known as JP, was a Swedish inventor and industrialist. He invented a modern adjustable spanner . He obtained over 100 patents in total....
, (1864-1943), inventor and engineer - Håkan LansHåkan LansAnders Håkan Lans is a Swedish inventor. His patented inventions are a color graphics processor and an "Arrangement for producing a pattern on a light-sensitive surface"...
, (1942-), inventor and engineer - Gustaf de LavalGustaf de LavalKarl Gustaf Patrik de Laval was a Swedish engineer and inventor who made important contributions to the design of steam turbines and dairy machinery.-Life:De Laval was born at Orsa in Dalarna...
(1845-1913), inventor and engineer - Frans Wilhelm LindqvistFrans Wilhelm LindqvistFrans Wilhelm Lindqvist was a Swedish inventor. He designed the first sootless kerosene stove, operated by compressed air. He started a company, Primus, to manufacture and sell the Primus stove....
, (1862-1931), inventor and engineer - Carl Rickard Nyberg, (1858-1939), inventor and engineer
- Arvid Palmgren, (1890-1971), engineer (bearing life calculation)
- Gustaf Erik PaschGustaf Erik PaschGustaf Erik Pasch was a Swedish inventor and professor of chemistry at Karolinska institute in Stockholm and inventor of the safety match. He was born in Norrköping, the son of a carpenter. He enrolled at Uppsala University in 1806 and graduated with a masters degree in 1821...
, (1788-1862), inventor and engineer - Baltzar von PlatenBaltzar von PlatenBaltzar von Platen may refer to:*Baltzar von Platen , Swedish naval officer and statesman*Baltzar von Platen , Swedish inventor...
, (1898-1984), inventor and engineer - Erik WallenbergErik WallenbergErik Wallenberg was a Swedish researcher, and as an employee of the Tetra Pak company invented the first Tetra Pak packaging in 1944....
, (1915–1999), inventor and engineer - Jonas WenströmJonas WenströmJonas Wenström was a Swedish engineer and inventor. He invented in Sweden the three-phase electric power system, the basis for ASEA ....
, (1855-93), inventor and engineer - Sven WingquistSven WingquistSven Gustaf Wingqvist was a Swedish engineer, inventor and industrialist, and one of the founders of Svenska Kullagerfabriken , one of the world's leading ball- and roller bearing makers. Sven Wingqvist invented the multi-row self-aligning radial ball bearing in 1907.-Chronology:*1876: Born...
, (1876-1953), inventor and engineer
Physics and astronomy
- Hannes AlfvénHannes AlfvénHannes Olof Gösta Alfvén was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics . He described the class of MHD waves now known as Alfvén waves...
, (1908-1995), physicist - Oskar BacklundOskar BacklundJohan Oskar Backlund was a Swedish-Russian astronomer. His name is sometimes given as Jöns Oskar Backlund, however even contemporary Swedish sources give "Johan". In Russia, where he spent his entire career, he is known as Oskar Andreevich Baklund...
(1846-1916), astronomer - Anders CelsiusAnders CelsiusAnders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer. He was professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, but traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He founded the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 he proposed the Celsius...
, (1701-1744), astronomer - Bengt EdlénBengt EdlénBengt Edlén was a Swedish professor of physics and astronomer who specialized in spectroscopy. He participated in solving the Corona Mystery: unidentified spectral lines in the sun's spectrum were speculatively believed to originate from a hitherto unidentified chemical element termed coronium...
, (1906-1993), physicist - V. Walfrid Ekman, (1874-1954), physical oceanographer
- Oskar KleinOskar KleinOskar Benjamin Klein was a Swedish theoretical physicist.Klein was born in Danderyd outside Stockholm, son of the chief rabbi of Stockholm, Dr. Gottlieb Klein from Homonna in Hungary and Antonie Levy...
, (1894-1977), physicist - Sofia KovalevskayaSofia KovalevskayaSofia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya , was the first major Russian female mathematician, responsible for important original contributions to analysis, differential equations and mechanics, and the first woman appointed to a full professorship in Northern Europe.She was also one of the first females to...
, (1850-1891), physicist, mathematician - Knut LundmarkKnut LundmarkKnut Emil Lundmark was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University 1929–1955....
, (1889–1958), astronomer - Lise MeitnerLise MeitnerLise Meitner FRS was an Austrian-born, later Swedish, physicist who worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics. Meitner was part of the team that discovered nuclear fission, an achievement for which her colleague Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize...
, (1878–1968), nuclear physicist - Christopher PolhemChristopher PolhemChristopher Polhammar , better known as , which he took after his ennoblement, was a Swedish scientist, inventor and industrialist. He made significant contributions to the economic and industrial development of Sweden, particularly mining.-Biography:Polhem was born on the island of Gotland...
, (1661-1751), physicist - Carl-Gustaf RossbyCarl-Gustaf RossbyCarl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby was a Swedish-U.S. meteorologist who first explained the large-scale motions of the atmosphere in terms of fluid mechanics....
, (1898–1957), meteorologist - Janne RydbergJohannes RydbergJohannes Robert Rydberg, , , was a Swedish physicist mainly known for devising the Rydberg formula, in 1888, which is used to predict the wavelengths of photons emitted by changes in the energy level of an electron in a hydrogen atom.The physical constant known as the...
, (1854-1919), physicist - Manne SiegbahnManne SiegbahnKarl Manne Georg Siegbahn FRS was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy"....
, (1886-1978), physicist - Anders Jonas ÅngströmAnders Jonas ÅngströmAnders Jonas Ångström was a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.-Biography:...
, (1857-1910), physicist - Per-Olov LöwdinPer-Olov LöwdinPer-Olov Löwdin was a Swedish physicist, professor at the University of Uppsala from 1960 to 1983, and in parallel at the University of Florida until 1993....
, (1916-2000), physicist
Medicine and botany
- Arvid CarlssonArvid CarlssonArvid Carlsson is a Swedish scientist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease...
, (1923- ), neuroscientist - Jonas C. Dryander, (1748-1810), botanist
- Eva EkebladEva EkebladEva Ekeblad , née Eva De la Gardie, was a Swedish agronomist, scientist, Salonist and noble . Her most known discovery was to make flour and alcohol out of potatoes...
, (1724-1786), agronomist - Erik Leonard EkmanErik Leonard EkmanErik Leonard Ekman was a Swedish botanist and explorer .- Biography :Erik Leonard Ekman was born into a low-income household with five children on October 14, 1883. Due to economic difficulties, the family moved to the central-Swedish town of Jönköping when he was eleven...
, (1883-1931), botanist - Ulf von EulerUlf von EulerUlf Svante von Euler was a Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist. He won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 for his work on neurotransmitters.-Life:...
, (1905-1983), physiologist and pharmacologist - Elias Magnus FriesElias Magnus Fries-External links:*, Authors of fungal names, Mushroom, the Journal of Wild Mushrooming.*...
, (1794-1878), botanist - Allvar GullstrandAllvar GullstrandAllvar Gullstrand was a Swedish ophthalmologist.Born at Landskrona, Sweden, Gullstrand was professor successively of eye therapy and of optics at the University of Uppsala. He applied the methods of physical mathematics to the study of optical images and of the refraction of light in the eye...
, (1862-1930), medicine - Pehr KalmPehr KalmPehr Kalm was a Swedish-Finnish explorer, botanist, naturalist, and agricultural economist. He was one of most important apostles of Carl Linnaeus...
, (1716-1779), botanist - Carolus LinnaeusCarolus LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
, (1707-1778), botanist, the father of taxonomy - René MalaiseRené MalaiseRené Edmond Malaise was a Swedish entomologist, explorer and art collector who is mostly known for his invention of the Malaise trap and his systematic collection of thousands of insects.-Early career:...
, (1892-1978), entomologist - Olaus Rudbeckius, (1630-1702), medicine
- Olaus Rudbeckius, junior, (1660-1740), botanist
- Daniel SolanderDaniel SolanderDaniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Solander was the first university educated scientist to set foot on Australian soil.-Biography:...
(1733-1782), botanist - Hugo TheorellHugo TheorellAxel Hugo Theodor Theorell was a Swedish scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in medicine.He was born in Linköping as the son of Thure Theorell and his wife Armida Bill. Theorell went to Secondary School at Katedralskolan in Linköping and passed his examination there on 23 May 1921...
(1903-1982), medicine - Peter Gustaf TengmalmPeter Gustaf TengmalmPeter Gustaf Tengmalm was a Swedish physician and naturalist.Tengmalm was born in Stockholm and studied medicine at Uppsala University. He spent his spare time studying birds and became an accomplished taxidermist. He graduated in 1785 and moved to the town of Eskilstuna, where he worked as the...
(1754-1803), naturalist
Mathematics
- Arne BeurlingArne BeurlingArne Carl-August Beurling was a Swedish mathematician and professor of mathematics at Uppsala University and later at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey....
, (1905-1986), analysis - Albert Victor BäcklundAlbert Victor BäcklundAlbert Victor Bäcklund was a Swedish mathematician and physicist. He was a professor at Lund University and its rector from 1907 to 1909....
- Lennart CarlesonLennart CarlesonLennart Axel Edvard Carleson is a Swedish mathematician, known as a leader in the field of harmonic analysis.-Life:He was a student of Arne Beurling and received his Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1950...
, analysis - Harald CramérHarald CramérHarald Cramér was a Swedish mathematician, actuary, and statistician, specializing in mathematical statistics and probabilistic number theory. He was once described by John Kingman as "one of the giants of statistical theory".-Early life:Harald Cramér was born in Stockholm, Sweden on September...
, probability and statistics - Per EnfloPer EnfloPer H. Enflo is a mathematician who has solved fundamental problems in functional analysis. Three of these problems had been open for more than forty years:* The basis problem and the approximation problem and later...
, analysis - Björn EngquistBjörn EngquistBjörn Engquist has been a leading contributor in the areas of multiscale modeling and scientific computing, and a productive educator of applied mathematicians.He received his Ph.D...
, numerical analysis - Erik Ivar FredholmErik Ivar FredholmErik Ivar Fredholm was a Swedish mathematician who established the modern theory of integral equations. His 1903 paper in Acta Mathematica is considered to be one of the major landmarks in the establishment of operator theory.The lunar crater Fredholm is named after him.-List of publications:* E.I...
, analysis - Johan HåstadJohan HåstadJohan Torkel Håstad is a Swedish theoretical computer scientist most known for his work on computational complexity theory. He was the recipient of the Gödel Prize in 1994 and 2011 and the ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award in 1986, among other prizes...
, theoretical computer scientist - Lars HörmanderLars HörmanderLars Valter Hörmander is a Swedish mathematician who has been called "the foremost contributor to the modern theory of linear partial differential equations". He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1962, and the Wolf Prize in 1988...
, (born 1931), analysis - Karl Gustav Jöreskog, statistics
- Olav Kallenberg, probability
- Helge von KochHelge von KochNiels Fabian Helge von Koch was a Swedish mathematician who gave his name to the famous fractal known as the Koch snowflake, one of the earliest fractal curves to be described....
, (1870-1924), analysis - Per Martin-LöfPer Martin-LöfPer Erik Rutger Martin-Löf is a Swedish logician, philosopher, and mathematical statistician. He is internationally renowned for his work on the foundations of probability, statistics, mathematical logic, and computer science. Since the late 1970s, Martin-Löf's publications have been mainly in...
, logic, statistics, and computer science - Anders Martin-LöfAnders Martin-LöfAnders Martin-Löf is a Swedish physicist and mathematician. He is a professor in insurance mathematics and mathematical statistics since 1987 at the Department of Mathematics of Stockholm University....
, analysis and mathematical physics - Gösta Mittag-Leffler, (1846-1927), analysis
- Waloddi WeibullWaloddi WeibullErnst Hjalmar Waloddi Weibull was a Swedish engineer, scientist, and mathematician.Weibull came from a family that had strong ties to Scania...
- Herman WoldHerman WoldHerman Ole Andreas Wold was a Norwegian-born econometrician and statistician who had a long career in Sweden...
, probability and statistics
Other natural scientists
- Arne BjerhammarArne BjerhammarArne Bjerhammar was a Swedish geodesist. He was professor at Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. He was born in Båstad, Scania in the south of Sweden.His research covered many fields of geodesy...
(1917 - 2011), geodesist - Adolf Erik NordenskiöldAdolf Erik NordenskiöldFreiherr Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld , also known as A. E. Nordenskioeld was a Finnish baron, geologist, mineralogist and arctic explorer of Finnish-Swedish origin. He was a member of the prominent Finland-Swedish Nordenskiöld family of scientists...
(1832-1901), geologist, Arctic explorer - Otto NordenskiöldOtto NordenskiöldNils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjöld was a Finnish and Swedish geologist, geographer, and polar explorer.-Biography:...
(6 December 1869-1928), geologist, explorer