Kurt Wallander
Encyclopedia
Kurt Wallander is a fictional character created by Swedish
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....

 crime writer Henning Mankell
Henning Mankell
Henning Mankell is a Swedish crime writer, children's author, leftist activist and dramatist, best known for a series of mystery novels starring his most famous creation, Inspector Kurt Wallander.-Life and career:...

. The protagonist
Protagonist
A protagonist is the main character of a literary, theatrical, cinematic, or musical narrative, around whom the events of the narrative's plot revolve and with whom the audience is intended to most identify...

 of several mystery novels, set in and around the town of Ystad
Ystad
Ystad is a "locality", or town, and the seat of Ystad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden, with 17,286 inhabitants .Settlement dates back to the 11th century and the town has become a busy ferryport, local administrative centre and tourist attraction...

, 60 km south-east of the city of Malmö
Malmö
Malmö , in the southernmost province of Scania, is the third most populous city in Sweden, after Stockholm and Gothenburg.Malmö is the seat of Malmö Municipality and the capital of Skåne County...

, in the southern province of Skåne. Wallander has been portrayed on screen by the actors Rolf Lassgård
Rolf Lassgård
Rolf Lassgård is a Swedish actor.-Biography:A keen amateur ice hockey player in his youth, Lassgård also joined theatre teacher Ingemar Lind's Institute for the Performing Arts in the village of Storhögen outside Östersund. He then attended the Stage School in Malmö from 1975-78...

, Krister Henriksson
Krister Henriksson
Jan Krister Allan Henriksson is a Swedish actor. He is best known for playing Kurt Wallander in a series of television movies based on the novels by Henning Mankell.- Biography :...

 and Kenneth Branagh
Kenneth Branagh
Kenneth Charles Branagh is an actor and film director from Northern Ireland. He is best known for directing and starring in several film adaptations of William Shakespeare's plays including Henry V , Much Ado About Nothing , Hamlet Kenneth Charles Branagh is an actor and film director from...

.

Biography

As a young police officer, he was nearly killed when a drunk whom he was questioning stabbed him with a butcher
Butcher
A butcher is a person who may slaughter animals, dress their flesh, sell their meat or any combination of these three tasks. They may prepare standard cuts of meat, poultry, fish and shellfish for sale in retail or wholesale food establishments...

's knife
Knife
A knife is a cutting tool with an exposed cutting edge or blade, hand-held or otherwise, with or without a handle. Knives were used at least two-and-a-half million years ago, as evidenced by the Oldowan tools...

 (this is mentioned in the account of his first case). Wallander was once married, but his wife Mona left him and he has since had a difficult relationship with his rebellious only child, Linda, who just barely survived a suicide attempt when she was fifteen. He also had issues with his late father, an artist who painted the same landscape 7,000 times for a living; the elder Wallander strongly disapproved of his son's decision to join the police force, and frequently derided him for it.

Inspector Wallander has few close friends and is known for his less-than-desirable lifestyle; he consumes too much alcohol
Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxy functional group is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms....

 and junk food
Junk food
Junk food is an informal term applied to some foods that are perceived to have little or no nutritional value ; to products with nutritional value, but which also have ingredients considered unhealthy when regularly eaten; or to those considered unhealthy to consume at all...

, exercises very little, and sometimes struggles with anger. He frequently regards the crimes he investigates on a very personal level, throwing himself into catching criminals and going against the orders of his superiors to try to solve a case.

Over the years he has grown increasingly disillusioned with his work, and often wonders whether he should have become a police officer at all. He was once falsely sued and harassed for police brutality
Police brutality
Police brutality is the intentional use of excessive force, usually physical, but potentially also in the form of verbal attacks and psychological intimidation, by a police officer....

, and still lives with the guilt of having shot and killed a man in the fog, an act which drove him into depression and nearly led to his resignation. His relationships with his colleagues are tentative; they are alternately amazed by his intellect and frustrated by his brusque manner and aggressive tactics.

Frequently at loose ends socially and with his family, he maintains a somewhat inconsistent romantic relationship with Baiba Liepa, a woman in Riga
Riga
Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. With 702,891 inhabitants Riga is the largest city of the Baltic states, one of the largest cities in Northern Europe and home to more than one third of Latvia's population. The city is an important seaport and a major industrial, commercial,...

, Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...

, whom he met while investigating a murder there, until it eventually dissolves. Over the course of the series he is diagnosed with diabetes, and towards the end of his career he suffers from memory lapses, discovering he has developed Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease also known in medical literature as Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. There is no cure for the disease, which worsens as it progresses, and eventually leads to death...

, with which his father was similarly afflicted.

Novels

The following Kurt Wallander novels have been translated into English. They are listed in the order that they were originally published in Sweden:
  1. Mördare utan ansikte (1991; English translation by Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray is an American translator from Swedish, German, Danish, and Norwegian. He has worked under the pseudonyms Reg Keeland and McKinley Burnett when edited into UK English...

    : Faceless Killers
    Faceless Killers
    Faceless Killers is a crime novel by Swedish writer Henning Mankell, and the first in his acclaimed Wallander series. The English translation by Steven T...

    , 1997)
  2. Hundarna i Riga (1992; English translation by Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson is a British academic and translator, born in York, England, and lived in northern Sweden for a few years, noted for his translations of Swedish literature into English...

    : The Dogs of Riga
    The Dogs of Riga
    The Dogs of Riga is a Swedish detective mystery by Henning Mankell, set in Riga, the capital of Latvia. It is the second book of the Kurt Wallander series, and was translated into English by Laurie Thompson.- Plot introduction:...

    , 2001)
  3. Den vita lejoninnan (1993; English translation by Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson is a British academic and translator, born in York, England, and lived in northern Sweden for a few years, noted for his translations of Swedish literature into English...

    : The White Lioness
    The White Lioness
    The White Lioness is a crime novel by Swedish writer Henning Mankell, the third in the Inspector Wallander series.-Synopsis:...

    , 1998)
  4. Mannen som log (1994; English translation by Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson is a British academic and translator, born in York, England, and lived in northern Sweden for a few years, noted for his translations of Swedish literature into English...

    : The Man Who Smiled
    The Man Who Smiled
    The Man Who Smiled is a novel by Swedish crime-writer Henning Mankell, and is the fourth in the Inspector Wallander series, although the English translations have not been published in chronological order.-Synopsis:...

    , 2005)
  5. Villospår (1995; English translation by Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray is an American translator from Swedish, German, Danish, and Norwegian. He has worked under the pseudonyms Reg Keeland and McKinley Burnett when edited into UK English...

    : Sidetracked, 1999)
  6. Den femte kvinnan (1996; English translation by Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray
    Steven T. Murray is an American translator from Swedish, German, Danish, and Norwegian. He has worked under the pseudonyms Reg Keeland and McKinley Burnett when edited into UK English...

    : The Fifth Woman
    The Fifth Woman
    The Fifth Woman is a crime novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell, the sixth in his acclaimed Inspector Wallander series.-Synopsis:...

    , 2000)
  7. Steget efter (1997; English translation by Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg is an academic and translator, noted for her translations of Swedish literature into English.Segerberg is Adjunct Lecturer in Swedish at Washington University in St. Louis, USA. She has contributed to The Dictionary of Literary Biography: 20th Century Swedish...

    : One Step Behind
    One Step Behind (novel)
    One Step Behind is a crime novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell, the seventh in his acclaimed Inspector Wallander series.-Synopsis:...

    , 2002)
  8. Brandvägg (1998; English translation by Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg is an academic and translator, noted for her translations of Swedish literature into English.Segerberg is Adjunct Lecturer in Swedish at Washington University in St. Louis, USA. She has contributed to The Dictionary of Literary Biography: 20th Century Swedish...

    : Firewall, 2002)
  9. Pyramiden (1999; short stories; English translation by Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg is an academic and translator, noted for her translations of Swedish literature into English.Segerberg is Adjunct Lecturer in Swedish at Washington University in St. Louis, USA. She has contributed to The Dictionary of Literary Biography: 20th Century Swedish...

     with Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson is a British academic and translator, born in York, England, and lived in northern Sweden for a few years, noted for his translations of Swedish literature into English...

    : The Pyramid
    The Pyramid (short stories)
    The Pyramid is a collection of five short stories by Swedish crime fiction author Henning Mankell, published in 1999...

    , 2008)
  10. Den orolige mannen (2009; English translation by Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson
    Laurie Thompson is a British academic and translator, born in York, England, and lived in northern Sweden for a few years, noted for his translations of Swedish literature into English...

    : The Troubled Man
    The Troubled Man
    The Troubled Man is a crime fiction novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell, featuring police inspector Kurt Wallander. Mankell has announced that it is the final Wallander novel.- Synopsis :...

    , 2011)


The following novel features Wallander's daughter Linda in the lead, while he is a secondary character:
  • Innan frosten (2002; English translation by Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg
    Ebba Segerberg is an academic and translator, noted for her translations of Swedish literature into English.Segerberg is Adjunct Lecturer in Swedish at Washington University in St. Louis, USA. She has contributed to The Dictionary of Literary Biography: 20th Century Swedish...

    : Before the Frost
    Before the Frost
    Before the Frost is a novel by Swedish crime-writer Henning Mankell.The main protagonist is Linda Wallander, daughter of Inspector Wallander...

    , 2005)


One Kurt Wallander work has not yet been translated into English:
  • Händelse om hösten (The Grave), a short story from 2004 published only in the Netherlands
    Netherlands
    The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

    .


The order that the novels occur in the timeline of the series is shown below (with the title of the English translation shown in parentheses). Note that there is some overlap in the timeline among the novels as there are three separate series.
  1. Pyramiden (The Pyramid)
  2. Mördare utan ansikte (Faceless Killers)
  3. Hundarna i Riga (The Dogs of Riga)
  4. Den vita lejoninnan (The White Lioness)
  5. Mannen som log (The Man Who Smiled)
  6. Villospår (Sidetracked)
  7. Den femte kvinnan (The Fifth Woman)
  8. Steget efter (One Step Behind)
  9. Brandvägg (Firewall)
  10. Innan frosten (Before the Frost)
  11. Händelse om hösten (The Grave)
  12. Den orolige mannen (The Troubled Man)

Film series

Between 1994 and 2007, all nine Wallander novels were made into films in Sweden starring Rolf Lassgård
Rolf Lassgård
Rolf Lassgård is a Swedish actor.-Biography:A keen amateur ice hockey player in his youth, Lassgård also joined theatre teacher Ingemar Lind's Institute for the Performing Arts in the village of Storhögen outside Östersund. He then attended the Stage School in Malmö from 1975-78...

 as Wallander:
  • Faceless Killers (Mördare utan ansikte) (1994);
  • The Dogs of Riga (Hundarna i Riga) (1995);
  • The White Lioness (Den Vita lejoninnan) (1996);
  • Sidetracked (Villospår) (2001);
  • The Fifth Woman (Den 5e kvinnan) (2002);
  • The Man Who Smiled (Mannen som log) (2003);
  • One Step Behind (Steget efter) (2005);
  • Firewall (Brandvägg) (2006);
  • The Pyramid (Pyramiden) (2007, video only).

TV series (Swedish)

From 2005 to 2006, 13 new stories, starring Krister Henriksson
Krister Henriksson
Jan Krister Allan Henriksson is a Swedish actor. He is best known for playing Kurt Wallander in a series of television movies based on the novels by Henning Mankell.- Biography :...

 as Kurt Wallander and Johanna Sällström
Johanna Sällström
Johanna Maria Ellinor Berglund-Sällström was a Swedish actress...

 as Linda Wallander, were produced. The first film, based on Before the Frost, was released in cinemas. The rest are original stories not based on any of Mankell's books, and were released on DVD, with the exception of Mastermind which was also released in cinemas.
  • Before the Frost (Innan frosten);
  • The Village Idiot (Byfånen);
  • The Brothers (Bröderna);
  • The Darkness (Mörkret);
  • The African (Afrikanen);
  • Mastermind (Mastermind);
  • The Tricksters (Den svaga punkten);
  • The Photographer (Fotografen);
  • The Container Lorry (Täckmanteln);
  • Castles in the Sky (Luftslottet);
  • Bloodties (Blodsband);
  • The Joker (Jokern);
  • The Secret (Hemligheten).

Two of these films were directed by BAFTA award winning Swedish director Jonas Grimås
Jonas Grimås
Jonas Grimås is a Swedish film director today based in London. He was educated at Dramatiska Institutet 1987-89 and then the Royal College of Art.In 1988 he won the BAFTA Film Award for best short film with Artisten...

, who outside Sweden is best known for his work on British television such as the 1990s crime drama Second Sight
Second Sight (TV series)
Second Sight was a British television crime drama written by Paula Milne that aired on BBC One from 2000 to 2001.- Premise :Second Sight is the story of Detective Chief Inspector Ross Tanner , a maverick cop who finds out he has a rare disease and is going blind....

(Kingdom of the Blind) starring Clive Owen
Clive Owen
Clive Owen is an English actor, who has worked on television, stage and film. He first gained recognition in the United Kingdom for portraying the lead in the ITV series Chancer from 1990 to 1991...

, police drama series Heartbeat, and Hamish Macbeth
Hamish Macbeth (TV series)
Hamish Macbeth is a television series made by BBC Scotland and first aired in 1995. It is loosely based on a series of mystery novels by M. C. Beaton . The series concerns a local police officer, Constable Hamish Macbeth in the fictitious town of Lochdubh on the north coast of Scotland. The titular...

.

Yellow Bird
Yellow Bird (company)
Yellow Bird is a Swedish film and television production company founded by best-selling novelist Henning Mankell and film-producers Ole Søndberg and Lars Björkman. The company was founded to produce films based on Mankell's Kurt Wallander novels. Yellow Bird was sold to Danish media house Zodiak...

 announced in March 2008 that 13 new Swedish language Wallander films were to be made with Krister Henriksson
Krister Henriksson
Jan Krister Allan Henriksson is a Swedish actor. He is best known for playing Kurt Wallander in a series of television movies based on the novels by Henning Mankell.- Biography :...

. Production started in 2008. These new films were to have a more political slant than the previous films starring Henriksson.
The first production in the second series, The Revenge (Hämnden), was given a cinematic launch in Sweden on 9 January 2009 before being released on DVD. The theme over the closing edits is "Quiet Night", sung by Anna Ternheim
Anna Ternheim
-Early life:Ternheim was born 31 May 1978 in Stockholm, Sweden. When she was 10 years old she began playing the guitar, writing songs and performing. During a year abroad in Atlanta, Georgia, Anna created her first band "Sova," playing at smaller festivals and local clubs...

. The remaining were scheduled to be released on DVD during early 2010:
  • The Revenge (Hämnden),
  • The Guilt (Skulden),
  • The Courier (Kuriren),
  • The Thief (Tjuven),
  • The Cellist (Cellisten),
  • The Priest (Prästen),
  • The Infiltration (Läckan),
  • The Sniper (Skytten),
  • The Angel of Death (Dödsängeln),
  • The Phantom (Vålnaden),
  • The Heritage (Arvet),
  • The Dun (Indrivaren),
  • The Witness (Vittnet).

TV series (British)

The novels have also been adapted as nine television films for the BBC
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. Its headquarters is at Broadcasting House in the City of Westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff...

, produced by Yellow Bird
Yellow Bird (company)
Yellow Bird is a Swedish film and television production company founded by best-selling novelist Henning Mankell and film-producers Ole Søndberg and Lars Björkman. The company was founded to produce films based on Mankell's Kurt Wallander novels. Yellow Bird was sold to Danish media house Zodiak...

 and Left Bank Pictures
Left Bank Pictures
Left Bank Pictures is an English film and television production company. It was formed in 2007 by Andy Harries, formerly controller of drama, comedy and film at Granada Productions, and Francis Hopkinson and Marigo Kehoe...

. The series stars Kenneth Branagh
Kenneth Branagh
Kenneth Charles Branagh is an actor and film director from Northern Ireland. He is best known for directing and starring in several film adaptations of William Shakespeare's plays including Henry V , Much Ado About Nothing , Hamlet Kenneth Charles Branagh is an actor and film director from...

 as Wallander. The novels have not been filmed in the order in which they were published, resulting in changes to the backstories of the lead characters in the films. The first series consisted of the novels Sidetracked, Firewall and One Step Behind
One Step Behind (novel)
One Step Behind is a crime novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell, the seventh in his acclaimed Inspector Wallander series.-Synopsis:...

. These three were shot on location in Ystad in the summer of 2008, with a combined budget of £6 million ($12 million), using Jim Jannard's RED camera (as described in the documentary contained on the BBC DVD). They aired in late 2008 on the BBC.

A second series of Wallander adaptations were commissioned by the BBC from the same production team in 2008. Broadcast in January 2010, the second series was composed of adaptations of Faceless Killers
Faceless Killers
Faceless Killers is a crime novel by Swedish writer Henning Mankell, and the first in his acclaimed Wallander series. The English translation by Steven T...

, The Man Who Smiled
The Man Who Smiled
The Man Who Smiled is a novel by Swedish crime-writer Henning Mankell, and is the fourth in the Inspector Wallander series, although the English translations have not been published in chronological order.-Synopsis:...

, and The Fifth Woman
The Fifth Woman
The Fifth Woman is a crime novel by Swedish author Henning Mankell, the sixth in his acclaimed Inspector Wallander series.-Synopsis:...

.

The third series began shooting in Ystad and Riga
Riga
Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. With 702,891 inhabitants Riga is the largest city of the Baltic states, one of the largest cities in Northern Europe and home to more than one third of Latvia's population. The city is an important seaport and a major industrial, commercial,...

, Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...

 in the Summer of 2011 and will continue into the winter. It will consist of adaptations of Händelse om hösten (The Grave), which has been retitled An Event in Autumn, The Dogs of Riga
The Dogs of Riga
The Dogs of Riga is a Swedish detective mystery by Henning Mankell, set in Riga, the capital of Latvia. It is the second book of the Kurt Wallander series, and was translated into English by Laurie Thompson.- Plot introduction:...

and Before the Frost
Before the Frost
Before the Frost is a novel by Swedish crime-writer Henning Mankell.The main protagonist is Linda Wallander, daughter of Inspector Wallander...

.

Special appearances

Mankell's friend and writer Jan Guillou
Jan Guillou
Jan Oskar Sverre Lucien Henri Guillou is a Swedish author and journalist. Among his books are a series of spy fiction novels about a spy named Carl Hamilton, and a trilogy of historical fiction novels about a Knight Templar, Arn Magnusson...

 used Kurt Wallander in the 10th book of his Carl Hamilton
Carl Hamilton (fictional character)
Count Carl Hamilton is a fictional spy created by Jan Guillou and appearing in a number of Guillou's spy novels, as well as film and TV adaptations.-Hamilton's life:...

-series En medborgare höjd över varje misstanke (A citizen above suspicion). Guillou and Mankell also co-wrote the Swedish crime-drama mini series Talismanen and here we also encounter Kurt Wallander as a supporting character, this time portrayed by actor Lennart Jähkel
Lennart Jähkel
Lennart Jähkel is a Swedish actor. He is currently active at the Stockholm City Theatre, where he participated in several plays.-Films:*1991 - Infödingen*1992 - Nordexpressen*1992 - Ha ett underbart liv...

.

See also

  • Author Sjöwall and Wahlöö
    Sjöwall and Wahlöö
    Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö, a common-law wife and husband team of detective writers from Sweden. Together they conceived and wrote a series of ten novels about the exploits of detectives from the special homicide commission of the national police in which the character of Martin Beck was the...

    's Swedish detective character Martin Beck
    Martin Beck
    Martin Beck is a fictional Swedish police detective who is the main character in a series of ten novels by Sjöwall and Wahlöö, collectively titled The Story of a Crime...


    Both Sjöwall and Wahlöö and Henning Mankell are focused on the social issues in the Swedish welfare state. Similar issues prevailed in the 1960s and 1970s for the Beck character and in the 1990s for the Wallander character.

External links

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