Kirchheim unter Teck
Encyclopedia
Kirchheim unter Teck is a town in Baden-Württemberg
, Germany
, in the district of Esslingen
. It is located on the small river Lauter
, a tributary of the Neckar
. It is situated near the Teck
castle, approximatively 25 km southeast of Stuttgart
. It is the fourth largest city in the Esslingen
district, forming a district center for the surrounding communities.
Since 1 April 1956 Kirchheim unter Teck has the status of Große Kreisstadt
. The city of Kirchheim unter Teck forms a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (administrative community) with neighbouring municipalities Dettingen
and Notzingen
.
,
north of the Albtrauf escarpment and its foothills: the Teckberg
, Breitenstein and Limburg. It is situated in the Lauter valley, at the confluence of the Lindach and several tributary streams with the Lauter
. The Lauter itself arrives at the south side of the city, coming from Dettingen unter Teck
, then flowing through the city center (to the right of the old town), then turning north west, flowing through the district of Ötlingen and then leaving the city towards Wendlingen am Neckar, where it flows into the Neckar
.
starting in the East:
Schlierbach (Göppingen
) and Ohmden
, Holzmaden
, Weilheim an der Teck
, Bissingen an der Teck
, Dettingen unter Teck
, Nürtingen
, Oberboihingen
, Wendlingen am Neckar, Wernau and Notzingen
(all of them in the district of Esslingen
)
Kirchheim, which annexed in 1935 the districts of Lindorf and Ötlingen. In the local government reform of 1974, Kirchheim annexed the districts of Jesingen and Nabern. All four districts are towns
in the sense of the Municipal Code of Baden-Württemberg. That is, they each have a municipal council, elected by the population and chaired by a mayor
.
Within the central city of Kirchheim, separately named residential areas can be distinguished, whose names have emerged in the course of history. In most cases they are not exactly delineated. The Schafhof district, however, which was built in the 1970s, is not adjacent to the rest of the city.
, the main center of which is Stuttgart
. The Kirchheim region consists of the cities and towns in the southeast of the Esslingen district (essentially the foothills of the Swabian Alb
with Lenningen valley and Neidlingen valley). In particular, the region ecnompasses the towns of Bissingen an der Teck
, Dettingen unter Teck
, Erkenbrechtsweiler
, Holzmaden
, Köngen
, Lenningen
, Neidlingen
Notzingen
, Ohmden
, Owen
, Weilheim an der Teck
and Wendlingen am Neckar.
, the Celtic and Romans
era have been found. Alamannic graves prove the existence of three settlements in the area of the city during the migration period
.
Although the first written mention of Kirchheim dates only to the year 960
, the town certainly existed during the Alemannic era of the 6th and 7th century. Perhaps the current settlement was founded during the Christianization when several older villages were merged and a church was built and dedicated to St. Martin.
In 960 Kirchheim came in the possession of Emperor Otto I
in an exchange for the diocese Chur
. The Market
and the royal mint date back to the mid-11th Century.
The place was owned by the Dukes of Zähringen and was inherited in 1186 by a lateral line, the Duke of Teck
. The Dukes of Teck are known since 1252, but the title of Duke more a family name as a proper title. Sometime between 1220 and 1230, they are elevated Kirchheim to a market town
under Freiburg law. Duke Louis I of Teck the founded Kirchheim nunnery in 1240. In 1270, Duke Conrad II of Teck
initiated the construction of a city wall.
In a process which lasted from 1303 till 1386, Kirchheim 1303-1386 became a part of Austria
and later of Württemberg
, due to economic difficulties of the Dukes of Teck. The city was the seat of a Württemberg Amt. During the 14th Century, when the Dukes of Teck played a leading role in the city government, the rise of the middle classes brought an economic boom, especially in the textile industry and the textile trade.
After Duke Ulrich
returned from exile in 1539, Kirchheim was expanded to a fortress of Württemberg and at the same time, the ducal palace was constructed. The current appearance of the city is from the reconstruction after a devastating fire in 1690.
In 1864 became the terminal of the first private railway in Württemberg, the line Unterboihingen-Kirchheim. In the 19 century, it became the seat of an Oberamt. In 1938, the Oberamt Kirchheim was included in the Landkreis Nürtingen
.
After the Second World War, the population of the city grew significantly due to the influx of refugees and displaced persons. In 1948, the population exceeded the limit of 20,000, and under the Baden-Württemberg Municipal Code, the city received on 1 April 1956 the legal status of Große Kreisstadt
.
Since the district reform 1973 Kirchheim unter Teck is one of the municipalities of the district of Esslingen
. In 1974, two neighboring municipalities were annexed. Thus, the city reached its current dimensions.
There are three launch pads for the Luftwaffe
Bachem Ba 349 Natter rocket interceptors located in the Hasenholz forest near Kirchheim unter Teck. They are all that remain from the once active launch site constructed in 1945. The three launchpads are arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, whose sides point toward the east and the south. The distance between the launchpads is approximately 50 meters. The circular concrete pads on which the Bachem Ba 349's and their launch towers once stood still exist. In the center of each of the three concrete plates is a square hole approximately 50 centimeters deep, which once served as the foundation for the launch tower. Beside each hole is a pipe, cut off at ground level, which was probably once a cable pit.
The Natter launchpads at Kirchheim unter Teck are considered the only remnants of these rocket launch pads on publicly accessible terrain, as the ramp in the Lager Heuberg
, where Lothar Sieber
took off for his fatal manned test flight, is still in a restricted military area.
and was assigned to the Archdeanery
circa alpes, chapter Kirchheim. As the city belonged to Württemberg
at the time of the Reformation, Protestantism was introduced here as early as 1535 by Duke Ulrich
. Consequently, Kirchheim unter Teck was a predominantly Protestant town for centuries. The Martin Church was the seat of the Dean of the Kirchheim Church District.
The congregation grew, especially after the Second World War, due to a strong influx and consequently, the congregation was split. One congreation uses the Christ Church (built in 1909), others use the Church of the Cross (1956), the Thomas Church (1967) and the Resurrection Church (1972). These five congregations in the central city together with the parish of Ötlingen (separate parish since 1834) and the St. Matthew parish in Lindorf (church built in 1971, formerly part of Kirchheim, later part of Ötlingen) form the Evangelical Church of the City Kirchheim unter Teck. The districts of Jesingen and Nabern were also introduced early to the Reformation, due to their being part of Württemberg as well. Consequently, these district have their own Protestant congregation and church. All Protestant churches in the city are administered by the office of the Dean of Kirchheim unter Teck as part of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
.
Since the late 19th century, there have been Catholics in Kirchheim unter Teck. They built the St. Ulrich church in 1910. Ötlingen and Lindorf and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. In 1967, a second church was built, the Mary Queen of Heaven church. The Catholics in Jessingen and Nabern and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. These two parishes now form the Pastoral Care Unit 5 in the Deanery Esslingen-Nürtingen of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart.
Besides the two large churches in Kirchheim unter Teck also has several Free Churches and congregations, including the United Methodist Church
and the Evangelical Free Church
(also known as Baptists). The Apostolic Church
is also represented in Kirchheim unter Teck.
. Jesingen was the first mentioned (asOsinski) in 769 in the Codex of Lorsch in a donation to the Lorsch monastery. The district of Jesinger is 574 ha in size, the village has about 3300 inhabitants.
and later by the Dukes of Teck and at end of the 13th Century by Württemberg
. Today, the district of Ötlingen has approximately 6,400 inhabitants. Ötlingen is the only district of Kirchheim unter Teck with a station on the Stuttgart S-bahn, apart from Kirchheim itself. Line S1 runs Herrenberg
- Böblingen
- Stuttgart
- Esslingen am Neckar
- Plochingen - Wendlingen am Neckar - Kirchheim Teck-Ötlingen - Kirchheim unter Teck . This line provides fast transport to Stuttgart and beyond every 30 minutes.
¹ census results
Source: Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg
Chairman of the municipal council is the Mayor.
In the 19th Century the mayor
held the job title of „Stadtschultheiß“. Since 1930 the term Bürgermeister' (mayor) is used, and when the city was promoted to Große Kreisstadt
, the job title is Oberbürgermeister (Lord Mayor
).
He is chairman of the council and is elected directly by the voters for an 8 year term. His deputy is the first Alderman, with the title of "mayor".
. Inside the city, the bus lines of the public transport group (ÖPNV) service multiple stops. All of the lines connect to stops serviced by the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart
(VVS), the Stuttgart public transportation group.
As of 12 December 2009, The Stuttgart S-Bahn
line S1 connects Herrenberg
to Kirchheim via Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof, providing links to the City and beyond.
Autobahn 8 passes through the south side of the town and has two interchanges for east- and west-Kirchheim. Bundesstrasse 297 (Lorch
- Tübingen
) passes through the town, which is also a terminus of Bundesstrasse 465 that leads south through the Lenninger Valley on its way to Leutkirch im Allgäu
.
The manufactures included cotton goods, damask, pianofortes, machinery, furniture, chemicals, cement and gliders
. The town also had wool-spinning establishments and breweries and a corn exchange. It was the most important wool market in South Germany, and also had a trade in fruit, timber and pigs.
Some early companies no longer exist, such as the textile company Kolb & Schuele AG, the Schrauben- und Flanschenfabrik Emil Helfferich Nachfolger, the engineering works Kirchheim, the iron foundry Grueninger and Prem or MBB armaments factory. Among the better known Kirchheim based companies that still exist, are the seat manufacturer Recaro
, Graupner Model, the cane manufacturer Leki and Schempp-Hirth
. In the Nabern industrial park we find the company Ballard Power Systems
GmbH, a company that developed fuel cells s and is owned by Daimler AG.
In the vicinity were the ruins of the castle of Teck, the hereditary stronghold of the dukes of that name.
published in Kirchheim unter Teck. It is a regional edition of the Südwest Presse.
and a District Court
that belongs to the Oberlandesgericht
district of Stuttgart
belongs.
The city is also home to the church district of Kirchheim unter Teck of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
.
Of health facilities, the city has a district hospital of the district of Esslingen. In addition, there are several sports and leisure facilities including an indoor pool, outdoor pool, 11 sports and event halls, a skate park, a riding stable, and 10 stadiums and sports grounds.
The district of Esslingen is education authority for the vocational
schools: Jakob-Friedrich-Schöllkopf School - Business School and Max-Eyth School - Commercial School) and for the Carl-Weber-school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped.
The Community College
Kirchheim unter Teck eV (founded in 1947), provides a wide range of courses. DEULA provides agricultural technical training. There's a traffic-educational college (VPA), it provides training for driving instructors.
For smaller children there are 49 kindergarten classes with 1328 seats, 5 groups in day care centers with 85-88 seats, 5 groups in church nursery with 75-81 seats and 5 groups in free kindergartens with 119 seats.
, UK
since 1995. This exchange is for all students in each school who are musically talented and who are in the school band in both schools. Students from each school take place in the exchange in different years - Ludwig Big Band in 1996, 98, 00, 02 etc., and UHHS Band in 1995, 97, 99, 01 etc. This year (2009) sees 35 students from the UHHS band visit the school and the town of Kirchheim, this year will also commemorate the twenty fifth year of exchanges.
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, in the district of Esslingen
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
. It is located on the small river Lauter
Lauter (Neckar)
The Lauter is a right tributary of the Neckar and arises on the Albtrauf escarpment of the Swabian Alb.- History :The Lauter is formed by the confluence of the White Lauter, which rises east of Gutenberg and the Black Lauter, which arises near Schlattstall in Lenningen. Both streams are fed from...
, a tributary of the Neckar
Neckar
The Neckar is a long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse, in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine...
. It is situated near the Teck
Teck
Teck was a ducal castle in the kingdom of Württemberg, immediately to the north of the Swabian Jura and south of the town of Kirchheim unter Teck , taking its name from the ridge, 2544 feet high, which it crowned. It was destroyed in the German Peasants' War...
castle, approximatively 25 km southeast of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
. It is the fourth largest city in the Esslingen
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
district, forming a district center for the surrounding communities.
Since 1 April 1956 Kirchheim unter Teck has the status of Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt is a term in the German municipal law. In some German federal states the term is used as a special legal status for district-affiliated cities or towns with additional competences in comparison with other municipalities or towns of the district. The title is based on souvereign...
. The city of Kirchheim unter Teck forms a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (administrative community) with neighbouring municipalities Dettingen
Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-Geography:It is located 27 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck.-References:...
and Notzingen
Notzingen
Notzingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.- Geography :Notzingen is east of the district of Esslingen, in a valley between Kirchheim unter Teck and Hochdorf...
.
Geography
Kirchheim unter Teck is located in the foothills of the central Swabian AlbSwabian Alb
The Swabian Alps or Swabian Jura is a low mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, extending 220 km from southwest to northeast and 40 to 70 km in width. It is named after the region of Swabia....
,
north of the Albtrauf escarpment and its foothills: the Teckberg
Teckberg
Teckberg is a mountain of Baden-Württemberg, Germany....
, Breitenstein and Limburg. It is situated in the Lauter valley, at the confluence of the Lindach and several tributary streams with the Lauter
Lauter (Neckar)
The Lauter is a right tributary of the Neckar and arises on the Albtrauf escarpment of the Swabian Alb.- History :The Lauter is formed by the confluence of the White Lauter, which rises east of Gutenberg and the Black Lauter, which arises near Schlattstall in Lenningen. Both streams are fed from...
. The Lauter itself arrives at the south side of the city, coming from Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-Geography:It is located 27 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck.-References:...
, then flowing through the city center (to the right of the old town), then turning north west, flowing through the district of Ötlingen and then leaving the city towards Wendlingen am Neckar, where it flows into the Neckar
Neckar
The Neckar is a long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse, in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine...
.
Neighbouring communities
The following towns and villages border the town of Kirchheim Teck, clockwiseClockwise
Circular motion can occur in two possible directions. A clockwise motion is one that proceeds in the same direction as a clock's hands: from the top to the right, then down and then to the left, and back to the top...
starting in the East:
Schlierbach (Göppingen
Göppingen
Göppingen is a town in southern Germany, part of the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg. It is the capital of the district Göppingen. It is situated at the bottom of the Hohenstaufen mountain, in the valley of the river Fils....
) and Ohmden
Ohmden
Ohmden is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany....
, Holzmaden
Holzmaden
Holzmaden is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany that lies between Stuttgart and Ulm.The ground in and around the city contains rich layers of well preserved fossils of the Jurassic period. The fossils are found in the 160 million year old Posidonia Shale and displayed in the local Museum Hauff...
, Weilheim an der Teck
Weilheim an der Teck
Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen.-References:...
, Bissingen an der Teck
Bissingen an der Teck
Bissingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-References:...
, Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-Geography:It is located 27 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck.-References:...
, Nürtingen
Nürtingen
Nürtingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is located on the river Neckar.-History:The following events occurred, by year:*1046 : First mention of Niuritingin in the document of Speyer...
, Oberboihingen
Oberboihingen
Oberboihingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-Geography:It is located 20 km southeast of Stuttgart on the railway line between Stuttgart and Tübingen.-External links:*...
, Wendlingen am Neckar, Wernau and Notzingen
Notzingen
Notzingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.- Geography :Notzingen is east of the district of Esslingen, in a valley between Kirchheim unter Teck and Hochdorf...
(all of them in the district of Esslingen
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
)
Structure of the city
The city of Kirchheim unter Teck consists of the core cityCore city
A is a class of Japanese city created by the first clause of Article 252, Section 22 of the Local Autonomy Law of Japan. Core cities are delegated many functions normally carried out by prefectural governments, but not as many as designated cities...
Kirchheim, which annexed in 1935 the districts of Lindorf and Ötlingen. In the local government reform of 1974, Kirchheim annexed the districts of Jesingen and Nabern. All four districts are towns
Towns
- People :* Anthony Towns , computer programmer* Charles B. Towns American an expert on alcoholism and drug addiction* Colin Towns , English composer...
in the sense of the Municipal Code of Baden-Württemberg. That is, they each have a municipal council, elected by the population and chaired by a mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
.
Within the central city of Kirchheim, separately named residential areas can be distinguished, whose names have emerged in the course of history. In most cases they are not exactly delineated. The Schafhof district, however, which was built in the 1970s, is not adjacent to the rest of the city.
Planning
Kirchheim is a regional center within Stuttgart RegionStuttgart Region
Stuttgart Region is a metropolitan area in Germany and consists of the city of Stuttgart and the surrounding districts of Ludwigsburg, Esslingen, Böblingen, Rems-Murr and Göppingen . About 2.7 million inhabitants live in that area...
, the main center of which is Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
. The Kirchheim region consists of the cities and towns in the southeast of the Esslingen district (essentially the foothills of the Swabian Alb
Swabian Alb
The Swabian Alps or Swabian Jura is a low mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, extending 220 km from southwest to northeast and 40 to 70 km in width. It is named after the region of Swabia....
with Lenningen valley and Neidlingen valley). In particular, the region ecnompasses the towns of Bissingen an der Teck
Bissingen an der Teck
Bissingen is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-References:...
, Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen unter Teck
Dettingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.-Geography:It is located 27 km southeast of Stuttgart and 4 km south of Kirchheim unter Teck.-References:...
, Erkenbrechtsweiler
Erkenbrechtsweiler
Erkenbrechtsweiler is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany....
, Holzmaden
Holzmaden
Holzmaden is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany that lies between Stuttgart and Ulm.The ground in and around the city contains rich layers of well preserved fossils of the Jurassic period. The fossils are found in the 160 million year old Posidonia Shale and displayed in the local Museum Hauff...
, Köngen
Köngen
Köngen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.-References:...
, Lenningen
Lenningen
Lenningen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany....
, Neidlingen
Neidlingen
Neidlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, in southern Germany. It is overlooked by Reussenstein Castle.-Location:Neidlingen lies in the central northern foothills of the Swabian Alps in the upper valley of the...
Notzingen
Notzingen
Notzingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.- Geography :Notzingen is east of the district of Esslingen, in a valley between Kirchheim unter Teck and Hochdorf...
, Ohmden
Ohmden
Ohmden is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany....
, Owen
Owen
Owen may also refer to:-Places:Australia* Owen, South Australia, a small townUnited States* Owen, Indiana* Owen, Wisconsin* Owen County, Indiana* Owen County, KentuckyGermany* Owen, Germany, a town in Baden-Württemberg-Vessels:...
, Weilheim an der Teck
Weilheim an der Teck
Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen.-References:...
and Wendlingen am Neckar.
History
Traces of settlements from the NeolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
, the Celtic and Romans
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
era have been found. Alamannic graves prove the existence of three settlements in the area of the city during the migration period
Migration Period
The Migration Period, also called the Barbarian Invasions , was a period of intensified human migration in Europe that occurred from c. 400 to 800 CE. This period marked the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages...
.
Although the first written mention of Kirchheim dates only to the year 960
960
Year 960 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* Edgar the Peaceable is crowned King of England. Dunstan becomes Archbishop of Canterbury and Edgar's chief adviser. He reforms monasteries and enforces the rule of Saint Benedict: Poverty, Chastity and Obedience for...
, the town certainly existed during the Alemannic era of the 6th and 7th century. Perhaps the current settlement was founded during the Christianization when several older villages were merged and a church was built and dedicated to St. Martin.
In 960 Kirchheim came in the possession of Emperor Otto I
Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto I the Great , son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of Saxony, King of Germany, King of Italy, and "the first of the Germans to be called the emperor of Italy" according to Arnulf of Milan...
in an exchange for the diocese Chur
Chur
Chur or Coire is the capital of the Swiss canton of Graubünden and lies in the northern part of the canton.-History:The name "chur" derives perhaps from the Celtic kora or koria, meaning "tribe", or from the Latin curia....
. The Market
Market
A market is one of many varieties of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations and infrastructures whereby parties engage in exchange. While parties may exchange goods and services by barter, most markets rely on sellers offering their goods or services in exchange for money from buyers...
and the royal mint date back to the mid-11th Century.
The place was owned by the Dukes of Zähringen and was inherited in 1186 by a lateral line, the Duke of Teck
Duke of Teck
Duke of Teck was, in medieval times, a title borne by the head of a principality named Teck in the Holy Roman Empire, centered around Teck castle in Germany. That territory was held by a branch line of the Zähringen dynasty from 1187 to 1439, known historically as the first House of Teck...
. The Dukes of Teck are known since 1252, but the title of Duke more a family name as a proper title. Sometime between 1220 and 1230, they are elevated Kirchheim to a market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
under Freiburg law. Duke Louis I of Teck the founded Kirchheim nunnery in 1240. In 1270, Duke Conrad II of Teck
Conrad II of Teck
Conrad II of Teck was Duke of Teck.Conrad was a descendant of the Zähringen family and a close follower of the Hohenstaufen dynasty...
initiated the construction of a city wall.
Further Austria
Further Austria or Anterior Austria was the collective name for the old possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-western Germany, including territories in the Alsace region west of the Rhine and in Vorarlberg, after the focus of the Habsburgs had moved to the...
and later of Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
, due to economic difficulties of the Dukes of Teck. The city was the seat of a Württemberg Amt. During the 14th Century, when the Dukes of Teck played a leading role in the city government, the rise of the middle classes brought an economic boom, especially in the textile industry and the textile trade.
After Duke Ulrich
Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg
Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg succeeded his kinsman Eberhard II as Duke of Württemberg in 1498, being declared of age in 1503.-Early life:...
returned from exile in 1539, Kirchheim was expanded to a fortress of Württemberg and at the same time, the ducal palace was constructed. The current appearance of the city is from the reconstruction after a devastating fire in 1690.
In 1864 became the terminal of the first private railway in Württemberg, the line Unterboihingen-Kirchheim. In the 19 century, it became the seat of an Oberamt. In 1938, the Oberamt Kirchheim was included in the Landkreis Nürtingen
Nürtingen
Nürtingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is located on the river Neckar.-History:The following events occurred, by year:*1046 : First mention of Niuritingin in the document of Speyer...
.
After the Second World War, the population of the city grew significantly due to the influx of refugees and displaced persons. In 1948, the population exceeded the limit of 20,000, and under the Baden-Württemberg Municipal Code, the city received on 1 April 1956 the legal status of Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt is a term in the German municipal law. In some German federal states the term is used as a special legal status for district-affiliated cities or towns with additional competences in comparison with other municipalities or towns of the district. The title is based on souvereign...
.
Since the district reform 1973 Kirchheim unter Teck is one of the municipalities of the district of Esslingen
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
. In 1974, two neighboring municipalities were annexed. Thus, the city reached its current dimensions.
Rocket launch pads
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
Bachem Ba 349 Natter rocket interceptors located in the Hasenholz forest near Kirchheim unter Teck. They are all that remain from the once active launch site constructed in 1945. The three launchpads are arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, whose sides point toward the east and the south. The distance between the launchpads is approximately 50 meters. The circular concrete pads on which the Bachem Ba 349's and their launch towers once stood still exist. In the center of each of the three concrete plates is a square hole approximately 50 centimeters deep, which once served as the foundation for the launch tower. Beside each hole is a pipe, cut off at ground level, which was probably once a cable pit.
The Natter launchpads at Kirchheim unter Teck are considered the only remnants of these rocket launch pads on publicly accessible terrain, as the ramp in the Lager Heuberg
Lager Heuberg
Lager Heuberg is a Bundeswehr barracks to the south of training camp Heuberg near Stetten am kalten Markt.From March to December 1933 it was one of the first concentration camps...
, where Lothar Sieber
Lothar Sieber
Lothar Sieber was a German test pilot who was killed in the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight, in a Bachem Ba 349 "Natter"....
took off for his fatal manned test flight, is still in a restricted military area.
Religions
The population of Kirchheim unter Teck originally belonged to the Bishopric of ConstanceBishopric of Constance
The Bishopric of Constance was a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church and ecclesiastical state of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from about 585 until 1821. Its seat was Konstanz at the western end of Lake Constance in the south-west corner of Germany...
and was assigned to the Archdeanery
Deanery
A Deanery is an ecclesiastical entity in both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residence of a Dean.- Catholic usage :...
circa alpes, chapter Kirchheim. As the city belonged to Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
at the time of the Reformation, Protestantism was introduced here as early as 1535 by Duke Ulrich
Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg
Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg succeeded his kinsman Eberhard II as Duke of Württemberg in 1498, being declared of age in 1503.-Early life:...
. Consequently, Kirchheim unter Teck was a predominantly Protestant town for centuries. The Martin Church was the seat of the Dean of the Kirchheim Church District.
The congregation grew, especially after the Second World War, due to a strong influx and consequently, the congregation was split. One congreation uses the Christ Church (built in 1909), others use the Church of the Cross (1956), the Thomas Church (1967) and the Resurrection Church (1972). These five congregations in the central city together with the parish of Ötlingen (separate parish since 1834) and the St. Matthew parish in Lindorf (church built in 1971, formerly part of Kirchheim, later part of Ötlingen) form the Evangelical Church of the City Kirchheim unter Teck. The districts of Jesingen and Nabern were also introduced early to the Reformation, due to their being part of Württemberg as well. Consequently, these district have their own Protestant congregation and church. All Protestant churches in the city are administered by the office of the Dean of Kirchheim unter Teck as part of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
The Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg is a Protestant church in the German former state of Württemberg, now the part of the state Baden-Württemberg. The seat of the church is in Stuttgart.It is a full member of the Evangelical Church in Germany , and is a Lutheran Church...
.
Since the late 19th century, there have been Catholics in Kirchheim unter Teck. They built the St. Ulrich church in 1910. Ötlingen and Lindorf and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. In 1967, a second church was built, the Mary Queen of Heaven church. The Catholics in Jessingen and Nabern and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. These two parishes now form the Pastoral Care Unit 5 in the Deanery Esslingen-Nürtingen of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart.
Besides the two large churches in Kirchheim unter Teck also has several Free Churches and congregations, including the United Methodist Church
United Methodist Church
The United Methodist Church is a Methodist Christian denomination which is both mainline Protestant and evangelical. Founded in 1968 by the union of The Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church, the UMC traces its roots back to the revival movement of John and Charles Wesley...
and the Evangelical Free Church
Union of Evangelical Free Church Congregations in Germany
The Union of Evangelical Free Church Congregations in Germany is a fellowship of congregations in Germany....
(also known as Baptists). The Apostolic Church
Apostolic Church
The Apostolic Church is a Pentecostal Christian denomination which can trace its origins back to the 1904-1905 Welsh Revival. Despite the relatively recent origin of the denomination, the church seeks to stand for first century Christianity in its faith, practices, and government.The purpose of the...
is also represented in Kirchheim unter Teck.
Annexations
In the town of Kirchheim unter Teck following municipalities were integrated:- 1 April 1935: Ötlingen and Lindorf
- 1 January 1974: Nabern
- 1 September 1974: Jesingen
Jesingen
Jesingen is located about two miles southeast of Kirchheim in the direction Weilheim an der TeckWeilheim an der Teck
Weilheim an der Teck is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Kirchheim unter Teck, and 13 km southwest of Göppingen.-References:...
. Jesingen was the first mentioned (asOsinski) in 769 in the Codex of Lorsch in a donation to the Lorsch monastery. The district of Jesinger is 574 ha in size, the village has about 3300 inhabitants.
Lindorf
Lindorf is located about two kilometers west of Kirchheim. Lindorf is first mentioned in 1090 in the Treaty of Bempflinger Treaty. The district has an area of 262 ha; about 1,500 people live in Lindorf.Ötlingen
Ötlingen is situated approximately 2.5 km (1.55 mi) west of downtown is Kirchheim. The two districts are separated by an industrial area; the built up area is now continuous. The Ötlingen district has an area of 375 hectares. Ötlingen is first mentioned in 788 (as Adiningen) in the Codex of Lorsch. Ötlingen was owned by the Dukes of ZähringenZähringen
Zähringen is the name of an old German family that founded a large number of cities in what are today Switzerland and Baden-Württemberg. While the junior line that first assumed the title Duke of Zähringen, a cadet branch of the House of Baden, became extinct in 1218, the senior line persists and...
and later by the Dukes of Teck and at end of the 13th Century by Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
. Today, the district of Ötlingen has approximately 6,400 inhabitants. Ötlingen is the only district of Kirchheim unter Teck with a station on the Stuttgart S-bahn, apart from Kirchheim itself. Line S1 runs Herrenberg
Herrenberg
Herrenberg is a town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, about 30 kmsouth of Stuttgart and 20 km from Tübingen. After Sindelfingen, Böblingen, and Leonberg, it is the fourth largest town in the district of Böblingen...
- Böblingen
Böblingen
Böblingen is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, seat of Böblingen District. Physically Sindelfingen and Böblingen are continuous.-History:Böblingen was founded by Count Wilhelm von Tübingen-Böblingen in 1253. Württemberg acquired the town in 1357, and on 12 May 1525 one of the bloodiest battles...
- Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
- Esslingen am Neckar
Esslingen am Neckar
Esslingen am Neckar is a city in the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany, capital of the District of Esslingen as well as the largest city in the district....
- Plochingen - Wendlingen am Neckar - Kirchheim Teck-Ötlingen - Kirchheim unter Teck . This line provides fast transport to Stuttgart and beyond every 30 minutes.
Population Development
The population figures are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates of the respective statistical offices (only primary residences are counted).
|
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¹ census results
Source: Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg
Council
Since the last Local Elections in Baden-Württemberg on 7 June 2009, the City Council has 36 members. The turnout was 49.35%. The election result was as follows:| CDU | 8 seats | (20.88%) |
| Free Voters Free Voters Free Voters is a German concept in which an association of persons participates in an election without having the status of a registered political party. Usually it is a locally organized group of voters in the form of a registered association . In most cases, Free Voters are active only at the... |
7 seats | (19.25%) |
| SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany... |
7 seats | (19,20%) |
| Greens | 5 Seats | (15.29%) |
| FDP Free Democratic Party (Germany) The Free Democratic Party , abbreviated to FDP, is a centre-right classical liberal political party in Germany. It is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union in the German federal government... / Kirchheimer Civilian List |
4 Seats | (11.03%) |
| Woman List Kirchheim | 3 seats | (9.03%) |
| Christian Initiative Kirchheim | 2 Seats | (5.31%) |
Chairman of the municipal council is the Mayor.
Mayor
In early times the head of the city Kirchheim unter Teck was called an Amtmann (magistrate); and later the title was Obervogt (Head Regent). Ranked below him were Untervögte (Regents), Mayors, a Court and a Council. The Court was the administrative authority of the city. Since the 14th century, the council considered themselves as representatives of the citizenry. The council still ranked below the Court. The was elected of mayors, usually two of them.In the 19th Century the mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
held the job title of „Stadtschultheiß“. Since 1930 the term Bürgermeister' (mayor) is used, and when the city was promoted to Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt
Große Kreisstadt is a term in the German municipal law. In some German federal states the term is used as a special legal status for district-affiliated cities or towns with additional competences in comparison with other municipalities or towns of the district. The title is based on souvereign...
, the job title is Oberbürgermeister (Lord Mayor
Lord Mayor
The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city, with special recognition.-Commonwealth of Nations:* In Australia it is a political position. Australian cities with Lord Mayors: Adelaide, Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Newcastle, Parramatta, Perth, Sydney, and Wollongong...
).
He is chairman of the council and is elected directly by the voters for an 8 year term. His deputy is the first Alderman, with the title of "mayor".
City leaders since 1819
- 1819-1832: Christian Ludwig Göckler
- 1832-1841: Philipp Gottlieb Osiander
- 1841-1849: Heinrich August bucket
- 1849-1878: Johan Georg home
- 1878-1908: Michael Ernst Kroner
- 1908-1943: Andreas Marx
- 1943-1945: Reinhold Seeber
- 1945: Martin SchemppMartin SchemppMartin Schempp was a glider pilot and founder of Schempp-Hirth, a major manufacturer of gliders.Martin Schempp was born in Stuttgart. After completing his commercial education, he helped out in his father's craftsman's business. In 1926, at the age of 21, he emigrated to the USA in the hope of...
- 1945-1975: Franz Kroening
- 1975-1988: Werner Hauser
- 1988-2004: Peter Jacob
- Since 2004: Angelika Matt-Heidecker
Transportation
Kirchheim is serviced by the Teckbahn, a railway that connects Wendlingen am Neckar to LenningenLenningen
Lenningen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany....
. Inside the city, the bus lines of the public transport group (ÖPNV) service multiple stops. All of the lines connect to stops serviced by the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart
Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart
The Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart is a regional transport cooperative that coordinates tickets and fares among all transport operators in the metropolitan area of Stuttgart in Germany...
(VVS), the Stuttgart public transportation group.
As of 12 December 2009, The Stuttgart S-Bahn
Stuttgart S-Bahn
The Stuttgart S-Bahn is a suburban railway system serving the Stuttgart Region, an agglomeration of around 2.6 million people, consisting of the city of Stuttgart and the adjacent districts of Esslingen, Böblingen, Ludwigsburg and Rems-Murr. It consists of seven lines numbered S1 through S6 and...
line S1 connects Herrenberg
Herrenberg
Herrenberg is a town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, about 30 kmsouth of Stuttgart and 20 km from Tübingen. After Sindelfingen, Böblingen, and Leonberg, it is the fourth largest town in the district of Böblingen...
to Kirchheim via Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof, providing links to the City and beyond.
Autobahn 8 passes through the south side of the town and has two interchanges for east- and west-Kirchheim. Bundesstrasse 297 (Lorch
Lorch
Lorch may refer to:*Lorch, Hesse, a town in Hesse, Germany*Lorch , a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Lorch, Austria, part of Enns in Upper Austria...
- Tübingen
Tübingen
Tübingen is a traditional university town in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, on a ridge between the Neckar and Ammer rivers.-Geography:...
) passes through the town, which is also a terminus of Bundesstrasse 465 that leads south through the Lenninger Valley on its way to Leutkirch im Allgäu
Leutkirch im Allgäu
Leutkirch im Allgäu is a city in south-eastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is part of the district of Ravensburg, in the western, Württembergish part of the Allgäu region. It belongs to the administrative region of Tübingen....
.
Local businesses
Kirchheim unter Teck began early industrialization.The manufactures included cotton goods, damask, pianofortes, machinery, furniture, chemicals, cement and gliders
Schempp-Hirth
Schempp-Hirth Flugzeugbau GmbH is a glider manufacturer based in Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany.-History:Martin Schempp founded his own company in Göppingen in 1935, with the assistance of Wolf Hirth. The company was initially called "Sportflugzeugbau Göppingen Martin Schempp"...
. The town also had wool-spinning establishments and breweries and a corn exchange. It was the most important wool market in South Germany, and also had a trade in fruit, timber and pigs.
Some early companies no longer exist, such as the textile company Kolb & Schuele AG, the Schrauben- und Flanschenfabrik Emil Helfferich Nachfolger, the engineering works Kirchheim, the iron foundry Grueninger and Prem or MBB armaments factory. Among the better known Kirchheim based companies that still exist, are the seat manufacturer Recaro
Recaro
RECARO GmbH & Co. KG, commonly known as Recaro, is a German company based in Kirchheim unter Teck in the vicinity of Stuttgart, known for their automobile bucket seats...
, Graupner Model, the cane manufacturer Leki and Schempp-Hirth
Schempp-Hirth
Schempp-Hirth Flugzeugbau GmbH is a glider manufacturer based in Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany.-History:Martin Schempp founded his own company in Göppingen in 1935, with the assistance of Wolf Hirth. The company was initially called "Sportflugzeugbau Göppingen Martin Schempp"...
. In the Nabern industrial park we find the company Ballard Power Systems
Ballard Power Systems
Ballard Power Systems , located in Burnaby, British Columbia -- a suburb of Vancouver -- is a company that designs, develops, and manufactures zero emission proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. This company has made a bus that uses only hydrogen fuel cells. These fuel cells combine hydrogen and...
GmbH, a company that developed fuel cells s and is owned by Daimler AG.
In the vicinity were the ruins of the castle of Teck, the hereditary stronghold of the dukes of that name.
Media
The Teckbote is a daily newspaperNewspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
published in Kirchheim unter Teck. It is a regional edition of the Südwest Presse.
Authorities, courts and organisations
Kirchheim unter Teck has a field office of the Tax Office Nürtingen, a branch of the District Office Esslingen, a NotaryNotary
A notary is a lawyer or person with legal training who is licensed by the state to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents...
and a District Court
District court
District courts are a category of courts which exists in several nations. These include:-Australia:District Court is the name given to the intermediate court in most Australian States. They hear indictable criminal offences excluding treason, murder and, in some States, manslaughter...
that belongs to the Oberlandesgericht
Oberlandesgericht
The Oberlandesgericht is one of the 'ordinary courts' in Germany...
district of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
belongs.
The city is also home to the church district of Kirchheim unter Teck of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
The Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg is a Protestant church in the German former state of Württemberg, now the part of the state Baden-Württemberg. The seat of the church is in Stuttgart.It is a full member of the Evangelical Church in Germany , and is a Lutheran Church...
.
Of health facilities, the city has a district hospital of the district of Esslingen. In addition, there are several sports and leisure facilities including an indoor pool, outdoor pool, 11 sports and event halls, a skate park, a riding stable, and 10 stadiums and sports grounds.
Education
In Kirchheim unter Teck there are a Pedagogical Seminar (teacher training) and a large number of primary and seconday schoolsThe district of Esslingen is education authority for the vocational
Vocational school
A vocational school , providing vocational education, is a school in which students are taught the skills needed to perform a particular job...
schools: Jakob-Friedrich-Schöllkopf School - Business School and Max-Eyth School - Commercial School) and for the Carl-Weber-school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped.
The Community College
Community college
A community college is a type of educational institution. The term can have different meanings in different countries.-Australia:Community colleges carry on the tradition of adult education, which was established in Australia around mid 19th century when evening classes were held to help adults...
Kirchheim unter Teck eV (founded in 1947), provides a wide range of courses. DEULA provides agricultural technical training. There's a traffic-educational college (VPA), it provides training for driving instructors.
For smaller children there are 49 kindergarten classes with 1328 seats, 5 groups in day care centers with 85-88 seats, 5 groups in church nursery with 75-81 seats and 5 groups in free kindergartens with 119 seats.
School Exchanges
One of the main high schools in Kirchheim unter Teck Ludwig-Uhland-Gymnasium has been running an exchange with students from Upholland High School, OrrellOrrell
Orrell could refer to -Two places in North West England:*Orrell, Greater Manchester, a district of the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan.*Orrell, Merseyside, an urban area east of Bootle, in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton.One rugby union club:...
, UK
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
since 1995. This exchange is for all students in each school who are musically talented and who are in the school band in both schools. Students from each school take place in the exchange in different years - Ludwig Big Band in 1996, 98, 00, 02 etc., and UHHS Band in 1995, 97, 99, 01 etc. This year (2009) sees 35 students from the UHHS band visit the school and the town of Kirchheim, this year will also commemorate the twenty fifth year of exchanges.
Twin towns — sister cities
Kirchheim unter Teck is twinned with:| Rambouillet Rambouillet Rambouillet is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.It is located in the suburbs of Paris southwest from the center... , France |