Kenneth Kronberg
Encyclopedia
Kenneth Lewis Kronberg was an American businessman and long-time member of the LaRouche movement
LaRouche movement
The LaRouche movement is an international political and cultural network that promotes Lyndon LaRouche and his ideas. It has included scores of organizations and companies around the world. Their activities include campaigning, private intelligence gathering, and publishing numerous periodicals,...

, an organization founded by American political activist Lyndon LaRouche
Lyndon LaRouche
Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr. is an American political activist and founder of a network of political committees, parties, and publications known collectively as the LaRouche movement...

.

He was president of PMR Printing Co. and World Composition Services Inc., in Sterling, Virginia
Sterling, Virginia
Sterling, Virginia is a census-designated place in Loudoun County, Virginia. The population as of the 2010 Census was 27,822.It is located northwest of Herndon, east of Ashburn, and west of Great Falls, and includes part of Dulles International Airport and the former AOL corporate headquarters...

, printing businesses set up in 1978 to print material for the LaRouche movement, which received most of the money the LaRouche organisation spent on producing pamphlets; but the companies also worked for other clients including the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

 and the Ford Foundation
Ford Foundation
The Ford Foundation is a private foundation incorporated in Michigan and based in New York City created to fund programs that were chartered in 1936 by Edsel Ford and Henry Ford....

. He was also co-founder and editor of Fidelio, the magazine of the Schiller Institute
Schiller Institute
The Schiller Institute is an international political and economic thinktank, one of the primary organizations of the LaRouche movement, with headquarters in Germany and the United States, and supporters in Australia, Canada, Russia, and South America, among others, according to its website.The...

, a LaRouche movement think-tank founded by Helga Zepp-LaRouche
Helga Zepp-LaRouche
Helga Zepp-LaRouche is a German political activist, wife of American political activist Lyndon LaRouche, and founder of the LaRouche movement's Schiller Institute and the German Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität party .She has run for political office several times in Germany, representing small...

.

Kronberg died after jumping from a highway overpass on April 11, 2007, in what a spokesman for the Loudoun County Sheriff's Office said was an apparent suicide
Suicide
Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide is often committed out of despair or attributed to some underlying mental disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or drug abuse...

.

Education and career

Kronberg was born in the Bronx
The Bronx
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also known as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated...

, New York. He graduated at the age of 16 from Bronx High School of Science
Bronx High School of Science
The Bronx High School of Science is a specialized New York City public high school often considered the premier science magnet school in the United States. Founded in 1938, it is now located in the Bedford Park section of the Bronx...

, and graduated in 1968 with a bachelors degree from St. John's College
St. John's College, U.S.
St. John's College is a liberal arts college with two U.S. campuses: one in Annapolis, Maryland and one in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Founded in 1696 as a preparatory school, King William's School, the school received a collegiate charter in 1784, making it one of the oldest institutions of higher...

, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the fourth-largest city in the state and is the seat of . Santa Fe had a population of 67,947 in the 2010 census...

; he then spent a year as a junior fellow at the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions
Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions
The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions in Santa Barbara, California was an important think tank from 1959 to 1977, declining in influence thereafter. The Center held discussions in a variety of areas that it hoped would influence public deliberation...

 with Robert M. Hutchins in Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara is the county seat of Santa Barbara County, California, United States. Situated on an east-west trending section of coastline, the longest such section on the West Coast of the United States, the city lies between the steeply-rising Santa Ynez Mountains and the Pacific Ocean...

. In discussing his time at St. John's and the Center years later, Kronberg described himself as a "Socratic revolutionary."

He did graduate work in economics at the New School for Social Research in New York, and was employed as an editor by the American Institute of Physics
American Institute of Physics
The American Institute of Physics promotes science, the profession of physics, publishes physics journals, and produces publications for scientific and engineering societies. The AIP is made up of various member societies...

, Marcel Dekker
Marcel Dekker
Marcel Dekker was a well-known journal and encyclopedia publishing company with editorial boards found in New York, New York. Dekker encyclopedias are now published by CRC Press, part of the Taylor and Francis publishing group....

, and John Wiley & Sons
John Wiley & Sons
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing and markets its products to professionals and consumers, students and instructors in higher education, and researchers and practitioners in scientific, technical, medical, and...

.

He directed amateur theater, specializing in Shakespeare, and taught classes in poetry and drama.

Involvement with the LaRouche movement

Kronberg became involved with the LaRouche movement
LaRouche movement
The LaRouche movement is an international political and cultural network that promotes Lyndon LaRouche and his ideas. It has included scores of organizations and companies around the world. Their activities include campaigning, private intelligence gathering, and publishing numerous periodicals,...

, regarded by critics as a political cult, in 1971 after reading a LaRouche newspaper (New Solidarity) at a friend's house. A friend told Avi Klein of Washington Monthly: "He was sold on the guy from the beginning."

In The Washington Monthly, Avi Klein writes that the relationship with LaRouche seemed to be a perfect fit for Kronberg with his publishing experience, because the LaRouche movement's growth was being driven by its publication of political pamphlets and newspapers, which members would hand out on campuses and on the streets. Klein's sources, including ex-members and Kronberg's wife, say Kronberg was "horrified" by the "dark side" of the LaRouche movement, and that in the early 1970s, LaRouche began to engage in "ego stripping" sessions with senior members in which the member's core beliefs and relationship with his family were attacked. During one such session, Kronberg was allegedly so disgusted that he threw a soda bottle across the room and walked out. Klein reports that Kronberg was also shocked by the so-called Chris White affair in 1974, when LaRouche became convinced that White, his ex-girlfriend's new husband, had been brainwashed and sent by British intelligence to assassinate him. LaRouche "deprogammed" White over a period of two weeks. The New York Times obtained a tape recording of the sessions, during which "weeping and vomiting" could be heard, as well as someone saying "Raise the voltage," though LaRouche later said this had to do with the bright lights used during the questioning, not an electric shock.

Despite his misgivings, Kronberg believed LaRouche was a genius. Klein writes that Kronberg "rationalized his leader's seemingly crackpot ideas," telling family members that LaRouche didn't really believe all the things he was saying. In 1974, Kronberg became a national committee member of the National Caucus of Labor Committees
National Caucus of Labor Committees
The National Caucus of Labor Committees is a political cadre organization in the United States founded and controlled by political activist Lyndon LaRouche, who has sometimes described it as a "philosophical association"....

 (NCLC), part of the LaRouche movement. He was the production editor of their newspaper, New Solidarity, edited their magazine, The Campaigner, and later co-founded and edited Fidelio, a publication of LaRouche's Schiller Institute
Schiller Institute
The Schiller Institute is an international political and economic thinktank, one of the primary organizations of the LaRouche movement, with headquarters in Germany and the United States, and supporters in Australia, Canada, Russia, and South America, among others, according to its website.The...

. He was a founding board member of Caucus Distributors, one of the key LaRouche companies. In 1978, he founded World Composition Services, which typeset material for LaRouche; according to Klein, Kronberg's companies also worked for other clients such as the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

 and the Ford Foundation
Ford Foundation
The Ford Foundation is a private foundation incorporated in Michigan and based in New York City created to fund programs that were chartered in 1936 by Edsel Ford and Henry Ford....

, as "low-cost printing" for LaRouche in reality often meant "free printing".

According to a memorial posted on a LaRouche website, Kronberg also played a leading role in promoting the ideas of Heinrich Heine
Heinrich Heine
Christian Johann Heinrich Heine was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of Lieder by composers such as Robert Schumann...

 and the Yiddish Renaissance
Yiddish Renaissance
The Yiddish Renaissance was a cultural and artistic movement which began among Jews in Eastern Europe during the latter part of the 19th Century. Some of the leading founders of this movement were Mendele Moykher-Sforim , I.L...

. He did research, wrote, and taught classes on the English scientist William Gilbert, and on the Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....

. His poem honoring Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhara was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term . She was assassinated by Sikh extremists...

 was given to her son, Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Ratna Gandhi was the sixth Prime Minister of India . He took office after his mother's assassination on 31 October 1984; he himself was assassinated on 21 May 1991. He became the youngest Prime Minister of India when he took office at the age of 40.Rajiv Gandhi was the elder son of Indira...

, then the Prime Minister of India, who had it published in the April 1987 issue of Congress Varnika, the magazine of the then-ruling Congress Party
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...

.

Print shop's financial problems

Nicholas F. Benton
Nicholas F. Benton
Nicholas F. Benton is the founder, owner, and editor of the Falls Church News-Press, a weekly newspaper circulated in Falls Church, Virginia, and in parts of Fairfax County, Arlington County, and Washington D.C....

, owner of the Falls Church News-Press
Falls Church News-Press
The Falls Church News-Press is a weekly newspaper publication based in Falls Church, Virginia. Founded in 1991 by Owner/Editor-in-Chief Nicholas F. Benton, the News-Press offers "Local News...

and himself a former member of the LaRouche movement, writes that at the beginning of 2007, the LaRouche movement realized Kronberg's printing company (PMR) was on the verge of bankruptcy
Bankruptcy
Bankruptcy is a legal status of an insolvent person or an organisation, that is, one that cannot repay the debts owed to creditors. In most jurisdictions bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debtor....

. He says that the financial problems stemmed from the movement's failure to pay the print shop for its services, as a consequence of which the company was in arrears with its tax payments, including employee withholding.

One ex-LaRouche supporter told Nicholas Benton: "There was never any money at PMR and members were paid only half their salaries, which were already pittances, and then Ken paid himself only once a month."

Klein writes that in March 2007, the LaRouche Political Action Committee told Kronberg that they had decided not to pay the money they owed him, and that they also asked that he return a $100,000 advance to the company, which Avi Klein writes Kronberg had already spent. Klein writes that Kronberg feared the movement would raid an escrow
Escrow
An escrow is:* an arrangement made under contractual provisions between transacting parties, whereby an independent trusted third party receives and disburses money and/or documents for the transacting parties, with the timing of such disbursement by the third party dependent on the fulfillment of...

 account that held $235,000 the company owed the Internal Revenue Service
Internal Revenue Service
The Internal Revenue Service is the revenue service of the United States federal government. The agency is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, and is under the immediate direction of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue...

 (IRS).

So long as Kronberg was in control of the printing operation, Klein writes, he hoped he was safe from LaRouche movement attacks on his family, because the print shop was so central to the movement's existence. When he realized it was about to collapse, he reportedly told his wife, two days before his death: "I will be vilified. You and I will be vilified like nothing you've seen yet. It will be ugly; it will be brutal. This is going to be the worst week of my life."

Death

At 10:17 a.m. on the morning of his death, after reportedly reading the "morning briefing" in his office, Kronberg instructed his accountant by e-mail
E-mail
Electronic mail, commonly known as email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks. Some early email systems required that the author and the recipient both be online at the...

 to transfer to the IRS the $235,000 held in the escrow account. He drove to the Dulles Mail Facility where he mailed some family bills, then headed back toward PMR over the Waxpool Road overpass in Sterling. He pulled his car off the road on the overpass, left his emergency lights blinking, and jumped.

He died after jumping from the overpass at 10:30 a.m. onto the northbound lanes of Route 28. A spokesman for the Loudoun County Sheriff's Office said the death was an apparent suicide.

At his death, Kronberg left his wife of 36 years, Molly; their son, Max Isaac Thomas Kronberg, 22; a brother, Richard Kronberg; two nephews; and three cousins.

Avi Klein and Nicholas Benton have linked Kronberg's death to a daily internal document, the so-called "morning briefing," which is circulated among members of the LaRouche movement, and which Benton writes they regard as authoritative.

The briefing circulated on the morning of Kronberg's death appears to have been addressed to the movement's younger generation. It attacked the print shop, calling it among the worst of the failures of the "baby boomer" generation referring to members who joined the movement in the 1960s and 1970s.

It continued: "the Boomers will be scared into becoming human, because you're in the real world, and they're not. Unless they want to commit suicide."

Molly Kronberg told Klein that her husband killed himself to draw public attention to the print shop's financial position and the reasons for it, and that it was "...as such ...the bravest political act of his life."

In an interview conducted by PRA
Political Research Associates
Political Research Associates , named and known on the Web as PublicEye.org, is a non-profit research group located in Somerville, Massachusetts.-Mission:...

, Molly Kronberg stated that she believes her husband's suicide was an attempt by him to escape the "terrible tension [in her opinion caused by LaRouche's alleged anti-semitism
Anti-Semitism
Antisemitism is suspicion of, hatred toward, or discrimination against Jews for reasons connected to their Jewish heritage. According to a 2005 U.S...

 and megalomania
Megalomania
Megalomania is a psycho-pathological condition characterized by delusional fantasies of power, relevance, or omnipotence. 'Megalomania is characterized by an inflated sense of self-esteem and overestimation by persons of their powers and beliefs'...

], and his legal and financial entanglements on behalf of the organization."

Molly Kronberg

Kronberg's wife, Marielle ("Molly") Hammett, was for years deeply involved with the movement, being elected to the National Committee in December 1982.

Kronberg and Hammett met in 1971. She joined the movement in 1973 so that they could marry, becoming pregnant shortly afterwards. According to Klein, Kronberg persuaded her to have an abortion, because LaRouche taught that families were a "dangerous distraction." The Kronbergs went on to have a son, Max, in 1984, "in defiance of LaRouche," Klein writes.

She helped to found the New Benjamin Franklin Publishing House in 1978, which published Dope Inc., a LaRouche book. Avi Klein writes that Molly had to take out personal loans to pay her husband's printing company for the publication costs, and when they proved insufficient, she traveled across the country trying to persuade LaRouche supporters to sign promissory notes to the movement.

As part of the LaRouche trials of the late 1980s, starting with LaRouche's own federal trial, conviction, and imprisonment, Molly Kronberg was tried with other LaRouche followers in 1989 in New York and convicted of one count of scheme to defraud. She was sentenced to five years probation; the other LaRouche followers convicted, Robert Primack and Lynne Speed, were sentenced to prison, although Lynne Speed was later able to argue successfully before the state Court of Appeals that the Judge's leniency towards Kronberg should extend to herself as well. According to Avi Klein, Molly Kronberg strenuously opposed having LaRouche testify in the New York trial.

In 2004 and 2005, Molly Kronberg made contributions of $1,501 to the Republican National Committee
Republican National Committee
The Republican National Committee is an American political committee that provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. It is responsible for developing and promoting the Republican political platform, as well as coordinating fundraising and election strategy. It is...

 and the election campaign of George W. Bush
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States, from 2001 to 2009. Before that, he was the 46th Governor of Texas, having served from 1995 to 2000....

. According to Klein, LaRouche felt that this "foreshadowed her treachery to the movement."

In October 2008, Molly Kronberg joined Erica Duggan, the mother of Jeremiah Duggan
Jeremiah Duggan
Jeremiah Duggan was a British student at the Sorbonne who died on 27 March 2003 in Wiesbaden, Germany, while attending a youth cadre school organized by the LaRouche movement, an international network led by the American political activist Lyndon LaRouche....

, and a number of former LaRouche members, cult experts, social scientist Chip Berlet
Chip Berlet
John Foster "Chip" Berlet is an American investigative journalist, and photojournalist activist specializing in the study of right-wing movements in the United States, particularly the religious right, white supremacists, homophobic groups, and paramilitary organizations...

, and Members of Parliament from Germany and the United Kingdom in a conference in Berlin, Germany raising the question whether the LaRouche movement were a danger to society.

On August 21, 2009, Molly Kronberg filed suit against LaRouche in Federal Court, Eastern District of Virginia, charging harassment and libel. The suit includes numerous references to the circumstances of Ken Kronberg's death. Co-counsel for Mrs. Kronberg is John Markham, who, as one of the Federal prosecutors against LaRouche in 1988, secured his conviction in the same Federal Court in which the Kronberg case is filed.
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