Jaslo
Encyclopedia
Jasło AUD is a county town
County town
A county town is a county's administrative centre in the United Kingdom or Ireland. County towns are usually the location of administrative or judicial functions, or established over time as the de facto main town of a county. The concept of a county town eventually became detached from its...

 in south-eastern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

 with 37,343 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009. It is situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Podkarpackie Voivodeship , or Subcarpathian Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów...

 (since 1999); previously it was in Krosno Voivodeship
Krosno Voivodeship
Krosno Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by Subcarpathian Voivodeship . Its capital city was Krosno....

 (1975–1998). It is located in the heartland of the Doły (Pits), and its average altitude is 320 metres above sea level
Above mean sea level
The term above mean sea level refers to the elevation or altitude of any object, relative to the average sea level datum. AMSL is used extensively in radio by engineers to determine the coverage area a station will be able to reach...

, although there are some hills located within the confines of the city. The Patron Saint
Patron saint
A patron saint is a saint who is regarded as the intercessor and advocate in heaven of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or person...

 of Jasło is Saint Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua or Anthony of Lisbon, O.F.M., was a Portuguese Catholic priest and friar of the Franciscan Order. Though he died in Padua, Italy, he was born to a wealthy family in Lisbon, Portugal, which is where he was raised...

.

History

18 February 1846 - beginning of the Galician peasant revolt
Galician slaughter
"The Galician Slaughter" also "The Peasant Uprising of 1846" or Szela uprising was a two month uprising of Polish peasants resulting inter alia in suppression of other - szlachta uprising and massacre of szlachta in Galicia in the Austrian partition in early 1846. The peasant uprising lasted from...

. The massacre, led by Jakub Szela
Jakub Szela
Jakub Szela was a Polish leader of a peasant uprising against the gentry in Galicia in 1846; directed against manorial property and rising against serfdom; scores of manors were attacked and their inhabitants murdered...

 (born in Smarżowa), is also known as the Galician Massacre, and began on 18 February 1846. This led to the "Galician Slaughter," in which many nobles and their families were murdered by peasants. Szela units surrounded and attacked manor house
Manor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...

s and settlements located in three counties - Sanok
Sanok
Sanok is a town in south-eastern Poland with 39,110 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009. It's the capital of Sanok County in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. Previously, it was in the Krosno Voivodeship and in the Ruthenian Voivodeship , which was part of the Lesser Poland province...

, Jasło and Tarnów
Tarnów
Tarnów is a city in southeastern Poland with 115,341 inhabitants as of June 2009. The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. It is a major rail junction, located on the strategic east-west connection...

. The revolt got out of hand and the Austrians had to put it down.

Jasło was almost completely destroyed during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

.

Etymology

The name derives from Old Polish common word for the "manger" or "trough [trof]" which sounded "jasło" < *jesło (before the Lechitic
Lechitic languages
The Lechitic languages include three languages spoken in Central Europe, mainly in Poland, and historically also in the eastern and northern parts of modern Germany. This language group is a branch of the larger West Slavic language family...

 umlaut
Umlaut
Umlaut may refer to:*Diaeresis , a pair of dots above a vowel, used in German to mark umlaut**Metal umlaut, the same diacritic in names of heavy metal or hard rock bands for effect...

). Plausibly, it comes from the Slavonic verb "to eat" - "jeść" < *jesti. The Modern Polish equivalent is "żłób" or more seldom "koryto" and the word "jasło" is forgotten in this meaning.

Transportation

Jasło is an important railroad junction
Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge.This implies a physical connection between the tracks of the two routes , 'points' and signalling.one or two tracks each meet at a junction, a fairly simple layout of tracks suffices to...

 of southeastern Poland, with trains going into three directions - eastwards (to Zagorz
Zagórz
Zagórz is a town in Sanok County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, on the river Osława in the Bukowsko Upland mountains, located near the towns of Medzilaborce and Palota...

), westwards (to Stróże) and northeast, to Rzeszów
Rzeszów
Rzeszów is a city in southeastern Poland with a population of 179,455 in 2010. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River, in the heartland of the Sandomierska Valley...

. Another line, along the Wisłoka to Dębica
Debica
Dębica is a town in southeastern Poland with 46,693 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009. It is the capital of Dębica County. Since 1999 it has been situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it had previously been in the Tarnów Voivodeship .-Area:...

, was planned in the interebellum period. Construction on it began in 1938, but it was never completed because of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

.

Churches of Jasło

Jasło has a population that includes Roman Catholics, Greek Catholics, non-Catholics [presumably Protestants], and a small Jewish population. However, it is mainly Roman Catholic, and contains 9 Catholic Churches.
  • Św. Antoniego Padewskiego
  • Chrystusa Króla
  • Dobrego Pasterza
  • Matki Bożej Królowej Świata
  • Miłosierdzia Bożego
  • Najświętszego Serca Pana Jezusa
  • Świętego Stanisława
  • Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Marii Panny
  • Matki Bożej Częstochowskiej

Notable people

Born in the area:
  • Henryk Dobrzański
    Henryk Dobrzanski
    Major Henryk Dobrzański aka "Hubal" was a Polish soldier, sportsman and partisan. He was the first guerrilla commander of the Second World War in Europe.-Early life and career:...

  • Ignacy Kruszewski
    Ignacy Kruszewski
    Ignacy Marceli Kruszewski was a Polish military leader.-Life:Kruszewski participated as a colonel in the November 1830 Uprising as aide-de-camp to General Józef Grzegorz Chłopicki and General Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki.After the uprising, he lived in exile and became a general in the Belgian Army.In...

  • Hugo Steinhaus
    Hugo Steinhaus
    Władysław Hugo Dionizy Steinhaus was a Polish mathematician and educator. Steinhaus obtained his PhD under David Hilbert at Göttingen University in 1911 and later became a professor at the University of Lwów, where he helped establish what later became known as the Lwów School of Mathematics...

  • Cezary Geroń
    Cezary Geron
    Cezary Geroń was a Polish poet, journalist, translator and teacher. Born July 28, 1960 in Jasło, he graduated from a local college in nearby Krosno. Afterwards he moved to Kraków, where he joined the Faculty of French Studies. He then moved to the Warsaw University, from which he graduated. He...

  • Karol Irzykowski
    Karol Irzykowski
    Karol Irzykowski was a Polish writer, literary critic, film theoretician, and chess player.-Life:...

  • Paweł Zagumny
  • Piotr Feliks
    Piotr Feliks
    Piotr Feliks was a Polish political, social and education activist.He was imprisoned and murdered during the Second World War at Auschwitz concentration camp....

  • Cecilia Krieger
    Cecilia Krieger
    Cypra Cecilia Krieger-Dunaij was an Austro-Hungarian -born mathematician of Jewish ancestry who lived and worked in Canada....

  • Jerzy Żuławski
  • Elżbieta Łukacijewska
  • Janusz Kołodziej
  • Damian Seczak
  • Michał Szpak
    Michał Szpak
    Michał Szpak is a Polish singer who rose to fame after he received second place in the Polish first series of X Factor in June 2011...



Associated with:
  • Ignacy Łukasiewicz
  • Zyndram of Maszkowice
    Zyndram z Maszkowic
    Zyndram z Maszkowic was a Polish 14th and 15th century knight. His coat of arms was Słońce....

  • Adam Tarło
  • Jan Tarło (1684–1750)
  • Piotr Jaroszewicz
    Piotr Jaroszewicz
    Gen. Piotr Jaroszewicz was a Polish Communist political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Poland between 1970 and 1980.Piotr Jaroszewicz was born on 8 October 1909 in Nieśwież. After finishing the secondary school in Jasło he started working as a teacher and headmaster in Garwolin...

  • Tadeusz Klimecki
    Tadeusz Klimecki
    Tadeusz Klimecki - Lieutenant of the Imperial and Royal Army, Brigadier General of the Polish Army, Chief of Polish General Staff.-Early life and service in the Imperial and Royal Army:...

     (November 23, 1895 - July 4, 1943, Gibraltar), Chief of Polish General Staff, attended the local gymnasium.

Twin towns — Sister cities

Jasło is twinned with:
Makó
Makó
Makó is a town in Csongrád County in southeastern Hungary. It lies on the Maros River, near the Romanian border. The area of the town is of which is arable land. The climate is very warm with hot and dry summers. Makó and the surrounding region get the most sunshine in Hungary, about 85-90...

, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

, since June 1998 Trebišov
Trebišov
Trebišov is a small industrial town in the easternmost part of Slovakia, with a population of around 23,000. The town is an administrative, economic and cultural center with machine and building materials industries.-History:...

, Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

, since June 2006 Bardejov
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...

, Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

, since 1999 Truskavets
Truskavets
Truskavets is a city in western Ukraine's Lviv Oblast , near the border with Poland. The city is designated as a separate raion within the oblast....

, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...

, since August 2005 Hodonín
Hodonín
Hodonín is a town on the River Morava in the southeast of Moravia, in the Czech Republic. It lies in the South Moravian Region. The population is 26,226 . Hodonín was first mentioned in 1046. In 1228 it became a town...

, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

, since May 2006 Camposampiero
Camposampiero
Camposampiero is a town and comune in the province of Padua, Veneto, northern Italy.-Twin towns - sister cities:Camposampiero is twinned with Jasło, Poland, since November 2002...

, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

, since November 2002 Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...

 District 10, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

, since 12 May 2008

External links



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