Gerad Dhidhin
Encyclopedia
Gerad Dhidhin also known as Gerad Abdulahi, was the founder of the Warsangali Sultanate in the late 13th century in the territory of present-day northern Somalia
Somalia
Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...

.

History

A well-known Somali imperial ruling house, Gerad Dhidhin's dynasty governed much of northeastern and some parts of southeastern Somalia, such as Kismayo. It was one of the largest sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...

ates ever established in the territory, and, at the height of its power, included the Sanaag
Sanaag
Sanaag is an administrative region in northern Somalia. Its capital city is Erigavo.Sanaag has a long coastline facing the Gulf of Aden to the north, and is bordered by the Somali regions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sool and Bari....

 region and parts of the northeastern Bari region of the country, an area historically known as Maakhir
Maakhir
Maakhir , officially the Maakhir State of Somalia was an autonomous region in northern Somalia in an area disputed by the Somaliland and Puntland macro-regions. In January 2009, it was incorporated into Puntland.-Autonomy:...

 or the Maakhir Coast.

Rulers of the Warsangali Sultanate

Rulers of the Warsangali Sultanate after Gerad Dhidhin:
# Sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...

 
Reign
Reign
A reign is the term used to describe the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation or of a people . In most hereditary monarchies and some elective monarchies A reign is the term used to describe the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office...

 
Notes
1 Gerad Dhidhin 1298–1311 Established the Warsangali Sultanate in the late 13th century.
2 Gerad Hamar Gale  1311–1328 Son of Gerad Dhidhin. Expanded rule into the southern Somali Peninsula.
3 Gerad Ibrahim 1328–1340
4 Gerad Omer 1340–1355
5 Gerad Mohamud 1355–1375
6 Gerad Ciise 1375–1392
7 Gerad Ali Dable
Gerad Ali Dable
-Biography:Dable was born in the historical city of Las Khorey in northern Somalia, where he lived until the age of five.A rebellion within the Warsangali Sultanate then took place, with the Awramale sub-clan of the Warsangali Darod assuming leadership...

 
1491–1503 Exiled in Yemen
Yemen
The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....

, from where he returned with cannon fire
Cannon
A cannon is any piece of artillery that uses gunpowder or other usually explosive-based propellents to launch a projectile. Cannon vary in caliber, range, mobility, rate of fire, angle of fire, and firepower; different forms of cannon combine and balance these attributes in varying degrees,...

. Defeated the Gerad of Dhulbahante
Dhulbahante
The Dhulbahante is a Somali clan, and a part of the larger Harti Darod clan. Members of the clan primarily inhabit the Sool, Nugaal, Sanaag and Ayn regions, the Haud, the port city of Kismayo, as well as other areas in the Jubbada Hoose region of southern Somalia.-Tradition:Currently, there are...

's troops in the Battle of Garadag.
8 Gerad Liban 1503–1525
9 Gerad Yuusuf 1525–1555
10 Gerad Mohamud 1555–1585
11 Gerad Abdale 1585–1612
12 Gerad Ali 1612–1655
13 Gerad Mohamud 1655–1675
14 Gerad Naleye 1675–1705
15 Gerad Mohamed 1705–1750
16 Gerad Ali 1750–1789
17 Gerad Mohamud Ali 1789–1830
18 Gerad Aul 1830–1870
19 Gerad Ali Shire 1870–1897 Father of Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire, with whom he briefly engaged in a power struggle.
20 Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire
Mohamoud Ali Shire
Mohamoud Ali Shire was a Somali ruler. He was the 20th Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate from 1897 to 1960.-Titles:Also known as the Gerad, the Sultan was the sole regent and governor of the sultanate. He also enjoyed many other titles, including "Sovereign of the House of North East of...

 
1897–1960 Led the Sultanate during some of its most turbulent years. Fought against and signed treaties with the British. Eventually exiled to the Seychelles
Seychelles
Seychelles , officially the Republic of Seychelles , is an island country spanning an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, some east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar....

 for ignoring imperial entreaties.
21 Sultan Abdul Sallan 1960–1997
19 Sultan Siciid Sultan Abdul Sallan 1997–present

See also

  • Mohamoud Ali Shire
    Mohamoud Ali Shire
    Mohamoud Ali Shire was a Somali ruler. He was the 20th Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate from 1897 to 1960.-Titles:Also known as the Gerad, the Sultan was the sole regent and governor of the sultanate. He also enjoyed many other titles, including "Sovereign of the House of North East of...

     - 20th Sultan of the Sultanate of Warsangali
  • Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
    Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
    Sayyīd Muhammad `Abd Allāh al-Hasan was a Somali religious and patriotic leader...

     - religious and nationalist leader
  • Akil Dhahar
    Akil Dhahar
    Akil Dhahar was the leader of the Sanaag region and some portions of the Bari region in Somalia in the late nineteenth century.-References:...

     - leader of the Sanaag
    Sanaag
    Sanaag is an administrative region in northern Somalia. Its capital city is Erigavo.Sanaag has a long coastline facing the Gulf of Aden to the north, and is bordered by the Somali regions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sool and Bari....

     region in the late nineteenth century
  • Yusuf Ali Kenadid - founder of the Sultanate of Hobyo
  • List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
  • Sultanate of Hobyo
    Sultanate of Hobyo
    The Sultanate of Hobyo was a 19th century Somali ruling house in present-day northern Somalia. It was carved out of the former Majeerteen Sultanate by Yusuf Ali Kenadid, cousin of the Majeerteen Sultanate's ruler, Boqor Osman Mahamuud....

  • Majeerteen Sultanate
  • Marehan Sultanate
  • Herbert Augustine Carter
    Herbert Augustine Carter
    Major Herbert Augustine Carter VC was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces...

     - Victoria Cross
    Victoria Cross
    The Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....

     (VC) recipient, Fourth Somaliland Expedition
  • Alexander Stanhope Cobbe - VC recipient, Second Somaliland Expedition
  • John Gough - VC recipient, Third Somaliland Expedition
  • George Murray Rolland
    George Murray Rolland
    Major George Murray Rolland VC was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Early life:...

     - VC recipient, Third Somaliland Expedition
  • Clement Leslie Smith
    Clement Leslie Smith
    Brigadier General Clement Leslie Smith VC MC was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:Smith was 25 years old, and a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion,...

     - VC recipient, Fourth Somaliland Expedition
  • William George Walker
    William George Walker
    Major General William George Walker VC, CB was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces....

    - VC recipient, Third Somaliland Expedition
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