Fukue Domain
Encyclopedia
was a tozama
Japanese feudal domain of the Edo period
, located in the Gotō Islands
, off the western coast of Kyūshū
in the East China Sea
, which were considered part of Hizen Province
. The domain was also called
Gotō was settled in ancient times, and was a port of call on the trade route between Japan and Tang Dynasty
China
in the Nara period
. Noted Buddhist prelate Kukai
stopped at Gotō in 806. The islands came under the control of the Gotō clan, a local warload clan specializing in trade and piracy, from the Muromachi period
. The area was the center of intense European missionary activity in the late 16th century, which converted most of the population to the Kirishitan
faith. Gotō Harumasa (1548–1612) served Toyotomi Hideyoshi
and participated in the Japanese invasions of Korea. During the Battle of Sekigahara
he remained neutral. In 1602, after the start of the Tokugawa bakufu he pledged loyalty to Shogun
Tokugawa Ieyasu
, and in return was confirmed in his ancestral holdings, with revenues of 15,000 koku
.
The early days of the domain were troubled by political problems, with rivalries between different factions of the ruling clan, violent clashes over fishing rights between various islands and villages, and the unpopular suppression of the Kirishitan religion per the Tokugawa bakufu’s national seclusion policies
. The situation became more quiescent in the 18th century with increasing prosperity due to the growth of whaling and the establishment of the separate Tomiei sub-domain (3000 koku) on Shinkamigotō
.
Towards the Bakumatsu period, the 10th daimyō of Fukue Domain, Gotō Moriakira began reconstruction of Ishida Castle, with the work completed by Gotō Morinori
, the 11th and final daimyō. It was the last Japanese castle
to be built under the Tokugawa Bakufu.
Morinori was an early supporter of the Sonnō jōi
movement, and was ordered to Kyoto
in October 1867 to pledge his loyalty to Emperor Meiji
. He arrived in Kyoto in 1868, and the new Meiji government ordered him to strength the maritime defenses of his island domain against possible incursions by foreign ships. To defray the costs of this program, the new government abolished the subsidiary fief of Tomie, and added its 3000 koku to his revenues. However, the people of Tomie were highly opposed to the union with Fukue, and it was not until July 1869 that he was able to take possession of the new territories. By this time, the position of daimyō had already been abolished, and his official title was that of domain governor.
On July 15, 1871, Fukue domain itself was abolished with the abolition of the han system
, and became part of the new Nagasaki Prefecture
.
The former Gotō domain is now part of Gotō city
, Nagasaki Prefecture
.
Tozama
A ' was a daimyo who was considered an outsider by the rulers of Japan. The term came into use in the Kamakura period and continued until the end of the Edo period.-Edo period:...
Japanese feudal domain of the Edo period
Edo period
The , or , is a division of Japanese history which was ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, running from 1603 to 1868. The political entity of this period was the Tokugawa shogunate....
, located in the Gotō Islands
Goto Islands
The are Japanese islands in the East China Sea, off the western coast of Kyūshū. The islands are a part of Nagasaki Prefecture.- Geography :There are 140 islands in total, including five main islands:,,,, and....
, off the western coast of Kyūshū
Kyushu
is the third largest island of Japan and most southwesterly of its four main islands. Its alternate ancient names include , , and . The historical regional name is referred to Kyushu and its surrounding islands....
in the East China Sea
East China Sea
The East China Sea is a marginal sea east of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean and covers an area of 1,249,000 km² or 750,000 square miles.-Geography:...
, which were considered part of Hizen Province
Hizen Province
was an old province of Japan in the area of Saga and Nagasaki prefectures. It was sometimes called , with Higo Province. Hizen bordered on the provinces of Chikuzen and Chikugo. The province was included in Saikaidō...
. The domain was also called
Gotō was settled in ancient times, and was a port of call on the trade route between Japan and Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
in the Nara period
Nara period
The of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijō-kyō . Except for 5 years , when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyō, in 784...
. Noted Buddhist prelate Kukai
Kukai
Kūkai , also known posthumously as , 774–835, was a Japanese monk, civil servant, scholar, poet, and artist, founder of the Shingon or "True Word" school of Buddhism. Shingon followers usually refer to him by the honorific titles of and ....
stopped at Gotō in 806. The islands came under the control of the Gotō clan, a local warload clan specializing in trade and piracy, from the Muromachi period
Muromachi period
The is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate, which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi shogun, Ashikaga Takauji, two years after the brief Kemmu restoration of imperial...
. The area was the center of intense European missionary activity in the late 16th century, which converted most of the population to the Kirishitan
Kirishitan
, from Portuguese cristão, referred to Roman Catholic Christians in Japanese and is used as a historiographic term for Roman Catholics in Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries. Christian missionaries were known as bateren or iruman...
faith. Gotō Harumasa (1548–1612) served Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
was a daimyo warrior, general and politician of the Sengoku period. He unified the political factions of Japan. He succeeded his former liege lord, Oda Nobunaga, and brought an end to the Sengoku period. The period of his rule is often called the Momoyama period, named after Hideyoshi's castle...
and participated in the Japanese invasions of Korea. During the Battle of Sekigahara
Battle of Sekigahara
The , popularly known as the , was a decisive battle on October 21, 1600 which cleared the path to the Shogunate for Tokugawa Ieyasu...
he remained neutral. In 1602, after the start of the Tokugawa bakufu he pledged loyalty to Shogun
Shogun
A was one of the hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. In this period, the shoguns, or their shikken regents , were the de facto rulers of Japan though they were nominally appointed by the emperor...
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan , which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but...
, and in return was confirmed in his ancestral holdings, with revenues of 15,000 koku
Koku
The is a Japanese unit of volume, equal to ten cubic shaku. In this definition, 3.5937 koku equal one cubic metre, i.e. 1 koku is approximately 278.3 litres. The koku was originally defined as a quantity of rice, historically defined as enough rice to feed one person for one year...
.
The early days of the domain were troubled by political problems, with rivalries between different factions of the ruling clan, violent clashes over fishing rights between various islands and villages, and the unpopular suppression of the Kirishitan religion per the Tokugawa bakufu’s national seclusion policies
Sakoku
was the foreign relations policy of Japan under which no foreigner could enter nor could any Japanese leave the country on penalty of death. The policy was enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate under Tokugawa Iemitsu through a number of edicts and policies from 1633–39 and remained in effect until...
. The situation became more quiescent in the 18th century with increasing prosperity due to the growth of whaling and the establishment of the separate Tomiei sub-domain (3000 koku) on Shinkamigotō
Shinkamigoto, Nagasaki
is a town located in Minamimatsuura District, Nagasaki, Japan.The town was established on August 1, 2004 after the merger of the towns of Arikawa, Kamigotō, Narao, Shin'uonome and Wakamatsu, all from Minamimatsuura District...
.
Towards the Bakumatsu period, the 10th daimyō of Fukue Domain, Gotō Moriakira began reconstruction of Ishida Castle, with the work completed by Gotō Morinori
Goto Morinori
was the 11th and final Daimyō of Fukue Domain in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, Japan . He was the 31st hereditary head of the Gotō clan. His courtesy titles were Ōmi-no-kami, and later Hida-no-kami, and he held lower 5th court rank....
, the 11th and final daimyō. It was the last Japanese castle
Japanese castle
' were fortresses composed primarily of wood and stone. They evolved from the wooden stockades of earlier centuries, and came into their best-known form in the 16th century...
to be built under the Tokugawa Bakufu.
Morinori was an early supporter of the Sonnō jōi
Sonno joi
is a Japanese political philosophy and a social movement derived from Neo-Confucianism; it became a political slogan in the 1850s and 1860s in the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa bakufu, during the Bakumatsu period.-Origin:...
movement, and was ordered to Kyoto
Kyoto
is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
in October 1867 to pledge his loyalty to Emperor Meiji
Emperor Meiji
The or was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 3 February 1867 until his death...
. He arrived in Kyoto in 1868, and the new Meiji government ordered him to strength the maritime defenses of his island domain against possible incursions by foreign ships. To defray the costs of this program, the new government abolished the subsidiary fief of Tomie, and added its 3000 koku to his revenues. However, the people of Tomie were highly opposed to the union with Fukue, and it was not until July 1869 that he was able to take possession of the new territories. By this time, the position of daimyō had already been abolished, and his official title was that of domain governor.
On July 15, 1871, Fukue domain itself was abolished with the abolition of the han system
Abolition of the han system
The was an act, in 1871, of the new Meiji government of the Empire of Japan to replace the traditional feudal domain system and to introduce centralized government authority . This process marked the culmination of the Meiji Restoration in that all daimyo were required to return their authority...
, and became part of the new Nagasaki Prefecture
Nagasaki Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. The capital is the city of Nagasaki.- History :Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of Hizen with the island provinces of Tsushima and Iki...
.
The former Gotō domain is now part of Gotō city
Goto, Nagasaki
is a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It comprises the south-west half of the Gotō Islands in the East China Sea, some 100 kilometers from Nagasaki. The city consists of 11 inhabited and 52 uninhabited islands...
, Nagasaki Prefecture
Nagasaki Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. The capital is the city of Nagasaki.- History :Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of Hizen with the island provinces of Tsushima and Iki...
.
List of daimyo
- Gotō clan
| Name | Tenure | Courtesy title | Court Rank | Revenue | |
| 1 | 1603–1612 | Awaji-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 15,000 koku | |
| 2 | 1612–1642 | Awaji-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 15,000 koku | |
| 3 | 1642–1655 | none | none | 15,000 koku | |
| 4 | 1655–1677 | Awaji-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 5 | 1677–1691 | Sado-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 6 | 1691–1728 | Yamato-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 7 | 1728–1768 | Awaji-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 8 | 1769–1809 | Yamato-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 9 | 1809–1829 | Yamato-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 10 | 1829–1858 | Yamato-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 12,000 koku | |
| 11 | 1858–1871 | Hida-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 15,000 koku | |